BAB IV
Stoikiometri reaksi yang terjadi
Kenaikan (%)
17,7
-12,3
-2,2
16,4
4,9
Reaktor MTP 1
70% mol CH3OH digunakan untuk menghasilkan C3H6 (US Patent 7015369 B2)
3CH3OH(g)
C3H6(g)
3H2O(L)
Mula-mula
2.546.000
Bereaksi
1.782.200
594.000
1.782.200
Sisa
763.800
594.000
1.782.200
Tin
= 440oC
= 1,8 bar
Tout
= 495oC
Fasa
= gas
Reaktor MTP 2
2CH3OH(g)
Mula-mula
1.782.200
Bereaksi
1.782.200
Sisa
Tin
= 440oC
= 1,8 bar
Tout
= 495oC
Fasa
= gas
CH3OCH3(g)
H2O(L)
891.100
891.100
891.100
891.100
Reaktor MTP 3
3CH3OCH3(g)
2C3H6(g)
+ 3H2O(L)
Mula-mula
891.140
Bereaksi
-
891.140
594.093
891.140
594.093
891.140
Sisa
Tin
= 440oC
= 1,8 bar
Tout
= 495oC
Fasa
= gas
Reaktor DME
2CH3OH(g)
Mula-mula
1.782.280
Bereaksi
1.782.280
Sisa
Tin
= 280oC
= 1 bar
CH3OCH3(g)
891.140
891.140
891.140
891.140
= gas
Table 4.1-3
Data Perancangan Saturated Steam
Kebutuhan Steam
H2O(L)
Treaksi= 382oC
Fasa
: 1407 kg/jam
: 303 K
T sat.steam
: 423 K
Kebutuhan Listrik
No
1
2
3
4
5
Kebutuhan
Alat proses
Utilitas
Bengkel dan lab
Pengolahan limbah
Penerangan
Total
Daya (kW)
29100
9657
19
10
262
39048
Limbah
CO + 1/2O2
CO2
Titik beku
: -97,8C
: 64,7C
: 0,782 g/ml
: 1,3287
: 0,5142 cP
Temperatur kritis
: 239,43C
Tekanan kritis
: 78,5 atm
: 2,533 J/(gK)
: 1,370 J/(gK)
: 1129 J/g
Flash point, C
: 11
: Miscible
: 0,202 W/(mK)
(Othmer, 1998)
Pembuatan eter
Dimetil eter terbentuk dengan dehidrasi Methanol dengan katalis alumina pada
suhu 300oC.
2CH3OH + RCOOH --------> CH3OCH3 + H2O
2.
4.
(Othmer, 1998)
A.2 Sifat Fisika dan Kimia Produk
a. Sifat Fisika Propylene
Fasa
: cair jenuh
Berat molekul
: 42,081 kg/kmol
Titik beku
: -185oC
: - 48oC
Suhu Kritis
: 91,4oC
Tekanan Kritis
: 45,6 atm
: 0,612 g/cc
: 20,42 kj/mol
Indeks bias
: 1,3567
Panas Penguapan
: 18,41 kj/mol
(Othmer, 1998)
Pada kondisi atmosfer, Propylene berbentuk gas yang lebih berat dari udara
dan mempunyai aroma kemanis-manisan.
Propylene lebih reaktif dibandingkan dengan propana atau etilen. Hal ini di
sebabkan karena adanya gugus metil dan ikatan rangkap yang tidak simetris.
Mudah terbakar, mudah meledak, mudah teroksidasi, larut dalam alkohol dan
eter tetapi kurang larut dalam air.
BAB V
Table 5.1-1
1. Input-Output Process
Methanol
Process
Fuel Gas
Fractionation
C3H6
LPG
Gasoline
Water
2. Recycle Structure
C3H6
Methanol
DME Reaction
MTP Reaction
Fractionation
Fuel Gas
LPG
Gasoline
Water
Table 5.1-2
1. Should we purify the feed streams before they enter the process?
NO, beceuse we will use methanol with AA Grade (99,85%) purity.
2. Should we remove or recycle a reversible by product?
No, because there is no reversible by product in the system.
3. Should we use a gas recycle and purge stream?
Yes, because there is a fuel gas in the outlet stream that can be use as fuel
to steam production.
4. Should we not bother to recover or recycle some reactants?
Yes, because there is no excess reactant in the product line as all the
reactant are converted into product because of high conversion.
5. How many product streams?
Component
Propylene
Fuel gas
Water
LPG
Gasoline
Destination
Primary Product and Recycle
Fuel
Recycle and waste
Valuable by product 1
Valuable by product 2
-- Primary Product
2. LPG , Gasoline
-- Valuable by product
-- Recycle
4. Water
-- Waste