Lembar Kerja Mahasiswa (LKM)

PERCOBAAN V
VISKOSITAS

I. Jenis LKM : Aktivitas Eksperimen

II. Tujuan :
Melalui kegiatan eksperimen dan diskusi diharapkan mahasiswa akan mampu
menentukan besarnya nilai viskositas dari masing-masing zat cair yang digunakan,
Membandingkan hasil eksperimen penentuan viskositas suatu zat cair tertentu dengan nilai
viskositas suatu zat cair cair tertentu yang menjadi literatur, menentukan kecepatan jatuhnya
kelereng di dalam suatu zat cair yang merupakan kecepatan terminal, menentukan hubungan
grafik antara Tr2 terhadap waktu tempuh kelereng yang bergerak didalam suatu zat cair.

III. Alat dan bahan :

1. Tabung fluida 1000 Ml
2. Gelas Ukur 250 mL
3. Kelereng besar dan Kelereng kecil
4. Zat Cair Minyak 1000 mL
5. Zat Cair Oli 1000 Ml
6. Tissue secukupnya
7. Sendok Saringan
8. Neraca Digital
9. Mikrometer Sekrup
IV. Langkah Kerja :
1. Menyiapakan alat dan bahan yang akan di pergunakan dalam praktikum penentuan
viskositas suatu zat cair.
2. Menimbang massa kelereng besar dan kelereng kecil kedalam tabel hasil pengamatan
3. Mengukur diameter kelereng kecil dan kelereng besar dengan menggunakan mikrometer
sekrup dan mencatat hasil pengamatan kedalam tabel hasil pengamatan
4. Menimbang massa gelas ukur yang belum berisi zat cair oli menggunakan neraca digital
5. Menimbang massa gelas ukur yang berisi zat cair oli dengan menggunakan neraca digital
untuk menentukan massa dari zat cair oli yang dipergunakan dalam eksperimen
6. Memasukkan zat cair oli kedalam tabung fluida untuk volume 1000 mL
7. Membuat garis pembatas jarak antara permukaan fluida dengan jarak yang akan ditempuh
oleh kelereng yang bergerak didalam zat cair sejauh 20 cm.
8. Memasukkan sendok saringan kedalam tabung fluida
 9. Memasukkan kelereng besar kedalam tabung fluida, dengan syarat bahwa kelereng
diusahakan sedekat mungkin dengan permukaan zat cair oli agar ketika kelereng dilepaskan
dan bergerak ke dalam fluida tidak akan ada pengaruh gaya gesekan dari udara/fluida lain
selain oli.
10. Menyiapkan stopwatch hp untuk menghitung waktu yang diperlukan oleh kelereng besar
ketika bergerak didalam fluida atau zat cair oli pada jarak 20 cm.
11. Melepaskan kelereng bersamaan dengan menghidupkan stopwacth hp, kemudian membaca
hasil pengukuran stopwacth dan memasukkan hasil pengamatan kedalam tabel hasil
pengamatan.
12. Mengulangi langkah pada prosedur kerja ke-12 sebanyak 4 kali
13. Mengulangi langkah pada prosedur kerja ke-9 sampai prosedur kerja ke-12 dengan
mengganti kelereng besar menjadi kelereng kecil.
14. Mengulangi langkah pada prosedur kerja ke-7 sampai prosedur kerja ke-13 dengan jarak 30
cm
15. Mengulangi langkah pada prosedur kerja ke- 4 samapai prosedur kerja ke-14 dengan
mengganti zat cair oli dengan zat cair minyak.
V. Tabel Hasil Pengamatan
Pengukuran
Nama benda atau zat yang Hasil pengukuran Nama alat ukur NST Alat ukur
diukur
Massa zat cair Oli
Massa zat cair Minyak
Diameter kelereng kecil
Diameter Kelereng besar
Volume zat cair oli
Volume zat cair minyak
Massa Gelas Ukur kosong
Massa kelereng besar
Massa keleren kecil
Untuk Zat Cair Oli
Jarak (m) Kelereng Waktu Tempuh Kelereng (s)
pengulangan Pengulangan Pengulangan Pengulangan
ke-1(t1) ke-2(t2) ke-3(t3) ke-4 (t4)
0,2 A
B
0,25 A
B
 Untuk Zat Cair Minyak
Jarak (m) Kelereng Waktu Tempuh Kelereng (s)
pengulangan Pengulangan Pengulangan Pengulangan
ke-1(t1) ke-2(t2) ke-3(t3) ke-4 (t4)
0,2 A
B
0,25 A
B

VI. Analisa Data

Menghitung Volume Kelereng

= =


= (, )( . . ) = (, )( . . )

= =
Menghitung Massa Jenis Kelereng

= =

. .
= =


= . = .

Menghitung Massa Jenis Fluida

= =

. .
= =


= . = .

Menghitung Kecepatan Jatuh Kelereng Didalam Suatu Zat cair

Jarak 0,2 meter
a. Zat Cair Minyak b. Zat Cair Oli
Menghitung waktu rata-rata Menghitung waktu rata-rata

= =

+ + + + + +
= =
..
+ .+ + . + .+ + .
= =
. .
= =
Menghitung waktu rata-rata Menghitung waktu rata-rata

=
=


+ + + + + +
=
=

.. ..
+ .+ + . + .+ + .
=
=

. .

= . .
= . .
Menghitung kecepatan jatuh kelereng Menghitung kecepatan jatuh kelereng

= =



.. ..
= =

. .
. .
= . . = . .
Menghitung kecepatan jatuh kelereng Menghitung kecepatan jatuh kelereng

= =



.. ..
= =

. .
. .
= . . = . .

Untuk Jarak 0,3 meter

c. Zat Cair Minyak d. Zat Cair Oli
Menghitung waktu rata-rata Menghitung waktu rata-rata

= =

+ + + + + +
= =
.. ..
+ .+ + . + .+ + .
= =
. .
= =
Menghitung waktu rata-rata Menghitung waktu rata-rata

=
=


+ + + + + +
=
=

..
+ .+ + . + .+ + .
=
=

.. ..

= . .
= . .
Menghitung kecepatan jatuh kelereng Menghitung kecepatan jatuh kelereng

= =



.. ..
= =

. .
. .
= . . = . .
 Menghitung kecepatan jatuh kelereng Menghitung kecepatan jatuh kelereng

= =



.. ..
= =

. .
. .
= . . = . .
Menghitung nilai Viskositas dari suatu fluida
a. Zat Cair Minyak
Untuk jarak 0,2 m kelereng A
( )
=

( . . . ) (, )( . . . . . . )
=

..
=


= . . .
Untuk jarak 0,2 m kelereng B
( )
=

( . . . ) (, )( . . . . . . )
=

..
=


= . . .
Untuk jarak 0,3 m kelereng A
( )
=

( . . . ) (, )( . . . . . . )
=

..
=


= . . .
Untuk jarak 0,3 m kelereng A
( )
=

( . . . ) (, )( . . . . . . )
=

..
=


= . . .

b. Zat Cair Oli

 Untuk jarak 0,2 m kelereng A
( )
=

( . . . ) (, )( . . . . . . )
=

..
=


= . . .

Untuk jarak 0,2 m kelereng B

( )
=

( . . . ) (, )( . . . . . . )
=

..
=


= . . .

Untuk jarak 0,3 m kelereng A

( )
=

( . . . ) (, )( . . . . . . )
=

..
=


= . . .

Untuk jarak 0,3 m kelereng B

( )
=

( . . . ) (, )( . . . . . . )
=

..
=


= . . .

Menghitung nilai
a. Untuk Zat Cair Minyak
Nilai pada jarak 0,2 m kelereng A
. .
=
( )
 . ( . . . . )( . )
=
( , ) ( . . . . )

=
..

= .
Nilai pada jarak 0,2 m kelereng B
. .
=
( )
. ( . . . . )( . )
=
( , ) ( . . . . )

=
..

= .
Nilai pada jarak 0,3 m kelereng A
. .
=
( )
. ( . . . . )( . )
=
( , ) ( . . . . )

=
..

= .
Nilai pada jarak 0,3 m kelereng A
. .
=
( )
. ( . . . . )( . )
=
( , ) ( . . . . )

=
..

= .
Untuk Zat Cair Oli
Nilai pada jarak 0,2 m kelereng A
. .
=
( )
 . ( . . . . )( . )
=
( , ) ( . . . . )

=
..

= .
Nilai pada jarak 0,2 m kelereng B
. .
=
( )
. ( . . . . )( . )
=
( , ) ( . . . . )

=
..

= .
Nilai pada jarak 0,3 m kelereng A
. .
=
( )
. ( . . . . )( . )
=
( , ) ( . . . . )

=
..

= .

Nilai pada jarak 0,3 m kelereng B

. .
=
( )
. ( . . . . )( . )
=
( , ) ( . . . . )



=
..

= .

V. Gambar Grafik Hubungan Antara Dengan Waktu Tempuh (t)

Untuk zat cair minyak pada jarak 0,2 m dan 0,3 m dengan menggunakan kelereng A
2
F (N)

l (m)
t
Untuk zat cair minyak pada jarak 0,2 m dan 0,3 m dengan menggunakan kelereng B
2

F (N)

l (m)
t

Untuk zat cair oli pada jarak 0,2 m dan 0,3 m dengan menggunakan kelereng A
 2
F (N)

l (m)
t
Untuk zat cair oli pada jarak 0,2 m dan 0,3 m dengan menggunakan kelereng B

2

F (N)

l (m)
t

VI. Pertanyaan/Analisis Konsep

1. Ketika kelereng dicemplungkan kedalam suatu zat cair minyak dan oli, Sebutkan dan
jelaskan minimal empat faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi kecepatan kelereng di dalam
tabung fluida ? ( 10 poin)
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
2. Apabila gerak kelereng didalam suatu zat cair dianalogikan sebagai gerak jatuh bebas
dengan syarat bahwa pada fluida statis berlaku sifat fluida yang sejati, Apakah mungkin
pada suatu keadaan ,waktu yang di tempuh oleh kelereng A dan kelereng B akan sama pada
ketinggian atau jarak yang sama ? Jelaskan ! ( 10 poin)
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
3. Pada praktikum untuk menentukan sifat kekentalan dari suatu zat cair, kita selalu
menggunakan persamaaan-persamaan dan konsep dari fluida statis, kenapa kita tidak
menggunakan konsep dan persamaan-persamaan dari fluida dinamis yang meliputi Asas
Toricceli dan Asas Kontinuitas ??? Jelaskan! (10 POIN)
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
4. Pada praktikum untuk menentukan sifat kekentalan dari suatu zat cair, Bagaimankah nilai
viskositas dari zat cair oli dan minyak hasil perhitungan atau eksperimen dengan nilai
viskositas pada literatur ? Jelaskan mengapa hal tersebut bisa terjadi ! ( 10 poin)
 ..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
5. Sebutkan dan jelaskan perbedaan yang paling mendasar antara zat cair minyak dan zat cair
oli berdasarkan hasil eksperimen yang sudah dilakukan ? (10 poin)
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
6. Pada praktikum untuk menentukan sifat kekentalan dari suatu zat cair, kita selalu
menggunakan Fluida jenis zat cair, Apakah mungkin kita menggunakan fluida jenis zat gas
untuk menentukan tingkat kekentalannya ?? Jelaskan !!! ( 10 poin)
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
7. Pada praktikum untuk menentukan kekentalan dari suatu zat cair, ketika volume zat cair
berkurang akibat perlakuan yang kita berikan, Mengapa volume zat cair pada setiap
perlakuan harus terus dijaga tetap konstan atau sama seperti keadaan awal yaitu 1000 mL??
Jelaskan !!! ( 10 poin)
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
8. Pada praktikum untuk menentukan sifat kekentalan dari suatu zat cair, kita mencari
besarnnya kecepatan jatuh benda didalam fluida statis yang dinyatakan sebagai kecepatan
terminal, Apa yang dimaksud dengan kecepatan terminal dan apa yang mempengaruhi
kecepatan terminal didalam suatu fluida statis ?? Jelaskan ( 10 poin)
 ..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
9. Ketika kelereng mulai jatuh bebas kedalam fluida statis, maka selama kelereng bergerak
didalam fluida akan ada gaya-gaya yang bekerja pada kelereng tersebut. Sebutkan dan
jelaskan gaya-gaya yang bekerja pada kelereng yang dijatuhkan didalam fluida statis!!!! ( 10
poin)
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
10. Pada praktikum untuk menentukan sifat kekentalan dari suatu zat cair, kita selalu
menggunakan Hukum Stokes pada fluida statis, Apa yang dimaksud dengan Hukum Stokes
dan kapan Hukum itu bisa diterapkan pada percobaan ini ?? mengapa demikian ? Jelaskan (
10 poin)
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
VII. Pembahasan (50 poin)
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
 ..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................................
VIII. Kesimpulan ( 50 poin )
.......................................................................................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................................................................................

Palu, Oktober 2017

Mahasiswa/Praktikan

...............................................................................
A 241 16 ..........
 Menyutujui:

Koordinator Asisten Kelas Asisten Percobaan Viskositas

.................................................................. .................................................................
A 241 14 .......... ......................................

LEMBAR KERJA MAHASISWA

PERCOBAAN V
VISKOSITAS
 SEMESTER GANJIL TAHUN 2017/2018

Nama :.............................................................................

No. Stambuk : ...........................................................................

Program Studi : Pendidikan Fisika

Jurusan : Pendidikan MIPA

ASISTEN
Nama : ...............................................................................

No. Stambuk : ...............................................................................

Program Studi : Pendidikan Fisika

Jurusan : Pendidikan MIPA

FAKULTAS KEGURUAN DAN ILMU PENDIDIKAN

UNIVERSITAS TADULAKO
OKTOBER-NOVEMBER 2017