Diketahui data berdistribusi normal dengan nilai rata-rata 2 MPa dan standar deviasi 0.5 MPa.
Gambarkan histogram distribusi dari data tersebut.
JAWAB
Variabel random berdistribusi normal X,
𝑋 = 𝜇𝑥 + 𝑍𝜎𝑥
Dimana diketahui,
𝜇𝑥 = 2 𝑀𝑃𝑎
𝜎𝑥 = 0.5 𝑀𝑃𝑎
𝑍 = 𝑣𝑎𝑟𝑖𝑎𝑏𝑒𝑙 𝑛𝑜𝑟𝑚𝑎𝑙 𝑠𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑑𝑎𝑟
Sehingga didapat,
𝑋𝑖 = 2 + 0.5 𝑍𝑖
Perhitungan X menggunakan 400 data, namun untuk efisiensi pada tabel perhitungan hanya
dicantumkan 120 data.
Tabel perhitungan:
No Range Frequency
1 0.4 - 0.7 4
2 0.7 - 1.0 9
3 1.0 - 1.3 26
4 1.3 - 1.6 50
5 1.6 - 1.9 94
6 1.9 - 2.2 100
7 2.2 - 2.5 65
8 2.5 - 2.8 31
9 2.8 - 3.1 15
10 3.1 - 3.4 6
S 400
Histogram distribusi:
Histogram of X
120
100
100
Number of Observations
94
80
60 65
40 50
31
20 26
4 9 15 6
0
0.7 1 1.3 1.6 1.9 2.2 2.5 2.8 3.1 3.4
X
NOMOR 2
𝑌 =4+𝑋
X berdistribusi normal dengan nilai tengah 10 dan standar deviasi 2
Buat Y dengan metode Monte Carlo untuk 50 data dan gambar histogram distribusi.
JAWAB
Variabel random berdistribusi normal X,
𝑋 = 𝜇𝑥 + 𝑍𝜎𝑥
𝜇𝑥 = 10 𝑀𝑃𝑎
𝜎𝑥 = 2 𝑀𝑃𝑎
Sehingga didapat,
𝑋𝑖 = 10 + 2 𝑍𝑖
Tabel perhitungan:
No U1 U2 (-2 ln u1)^0.5 cos (2p U2) sin (2p U2) Z1 Z2 X1 X2 Y1 Y2
1 0.95352 0.98378 0.30854 0.99481 -0.10173 0.30694 -0.03139 10.61388 9.93723 14.61388 13.93723
2 0.05673 0.79245 2.39563 0.26356 -0.96464 0.63139 -2.31092 11.26278 5.37815 15.26278 9.37815
3 0.26723 0.91730 1.62459 0.86801 -0.49655 1.41016 -0.80668 12.82031 8.38664 16.82031 12.38664
4 0.57982 0.32697 1.04407 -0.46498 0.88532 -0.48547 0.92433 9.02906 11.84867 13.02906 15.84867
5 0.86953 0.82257 0.52877 0.44031 -0.89784 0.23283 -0.47476 10.46565 9.05049 14.46565 13.05049
6 0.54242 0.23732 1.10609 0.07959 0.99683 0.08803 1.10258 10.17606 12.20516 14.17606 16.20516
7 0.31364 0.81187 1.52283 0.37902 -0.92539 0.57718 -1.40921 11.15437 7.18157 15.15437 11.18157
8 0.35965 0.81227 1.43012 0.38132 -0.92444 0.54534 -1.32207 11.09067 7.35587 15.09067 11.35587
9 0.16891 0.81652 1.88594 0.40588 -0.91393 0.76547 -1.72361 11.53094 6.55278 15.53094 10.55278
10 0.91470 0.90949 0.42229 0.84259 -0.53855 0.35581 -0.22742 10.71163 9.54515 14.71163 13.54515
11 0.10018 0.66901 2.14511 -0.48720 -0.87329 -1.04511 -1.87330 7.90979 6.25340 11.90979 10.25340
12 0.75128 0.81333 0.75627 0.38750 -0.92187 0.29306 -0.69718 10.58611 8.60564 14.58611 12.60564
13 0.80405 0.16794 0.66045 0.49303 0.87001 0.32562 0.57460 10.65124 11.14920 14.65124 15.14920
14 0.70388 0.18427 0.83802 0.40135 0.91593 0.33634 0.76757 10.67267 11.53514 14.67267 15.53514
15 0.28932 0.72730 1.57494 -0.14212 -0.98985 -0.22383 -1.55895 9.55234 6.88210 13.55234 10.88210
16 0.20948 0.95339 1.76811 0.95742 -0.28869 1.69283 -0.51044 13.38565 8.97912 17.38565 12.97912
17 0.43863 0.42681 1.28382 -0.89610 0.44385 -1.15043 0.56982 7.69914 11.13964 11.69914 15.13964
18 0.02093 0.02804 2.78086 0.98452 0.17526 2.73782 0.48738 15.47564 10.97477 19.47564 14.97477
19 0.32993 0.31234 1.48921 -0.38176 0.92426 -0.56852 1.37642 8.86296 12.75283 12.86296 16.75283
20 0.19045 0.66289 1.82120 -0.52043 -0.85391 -0.94780 -1.55513 8.10440 6.88974 12.10440 10.88974
No U1 U2 (-2 ln u1)^0.5 cos (2pU2) sin (2p U2) Z1 Z2 X1 X2 Y1 Y2
21 0.28411 0.49132 1.58644 -0.99851 0.05451 -1.58408 0.08647 6.83184 10.17294 10.83184 14.17294
22 0.85982 0.84773 0.54959 0.57618 -0.81732 0.31667 -0.44919 10.63333 9.10161 14.63333 13.10161
23 0.90346 0.01915 0.45062 0.99277 0.12006 0.44736 0.05410 10.89471 10.10820 14.89471 14.10820
24 0.51242 0.00595 1.15638 0.99930 0.03736 1.15558 0.04320 12.31115 10.08641 16.31115 14.08641
25 0.74328 0.08540 0.77031 0.85946 0.51121 0.66205 0.39379 11.32409 10.78757 15.32409 14.78757
Tabel perhitungan:
No Range Frequency
1 9 - 10.5 2
2 10.5 - 12.0 8
3 12.0 - 13.5 8
4 13.5 - 15.0 17
5 15.0 - 16.5 11
6 16.5 - 18.0 3
7 18.0 - 19.5 1
S 50
Histogram distribusi:
Histogram yang didapat tidak begitu halus karena data yang digunakan hanya 50 data. Dicoba
untuk menggunakan 400 data pada perhitungan sehingga bisa didapat histogram yang lebih
halus.
Tabel perhitungan:
No Range Frequency
1 7.5 - 8.7 3
2 8.7 - 9.9 8
3 9.9 - 11.1 26
4 11.1 - 12.3 48
5 12.3 - 13.5 84
6 13.5 - 14.7 107
7 14.7 - 15.9 70
8 15.9 - 17.1 32
9 17.1 - 18.3 16
10 18.3 - 19.5 6
S 400
Histogram distribusi:
Histogram of Y
120
100 107
Number of Observations
80
84
60 70
40 48
20 32
26
3 8 16 6
0
8.7 9.9 11.1 12.3 13.5 14.7 15.9 17.1 18.3 19.5
Y
NOMOR 3
𝑌 = 𝑋1 + 𝑋2
X1 berdistribusi merata dengan nilai antara 10 - 14
X2 berdistribusi eksponen dengan = 2
Bangkitkan nilai Y untuk 50 data dan gambar distribusinya.
JAWAB
Variabel random berdistribusi seragam X dengan nilai 𝑎 ≤ 𝑥 ≤ 𝑏,
𝑋 = 𝑎 + (𝑏 − 𝑎)𝑈
Dimana diketahui,
𝑎 = 10
𝑏 = 14
𝑈 = 𝑏𝑖𝑙𝑎𝑛𝑔𝑎𝑛 𝑟𝑎𝑛𝑑𝑜𝑚
Sehingga,
𝑋1 𝑖 = 10 + (14 − 10)𝑈𝑖
Tabel perhitungan:
No U X1 X2 Y
1 0.57299 12.29196 1.11378 13.40573
2 0.23579 10.94316 2.88963 13.83279
3 0.38273 11.53093 1.92084 13.45177
4 0.84801 13.39206 0.32972 13.72177
5 0.33928 11.35710 2.16189 13.51899
6 0.56569 12.26276 1.13941 13.40218
7 0.12304 10.49215 4.19054 14.68269
8 0.42996 11.71982 1.68815 13.40797
9 0.53681 12.14723 1.24423 13.39146
10 0.09202 10.36808 4.77148 15.13956
11 0.60650 12.42599 1.00011 13.42610
12 0.88408 13.53634 0.24641 13.78274
No U X1 X2 Y
13 0.15937 10.63750 3.67300 14.31050
14 0.10389 10.41558 4.52876 14.94434
15 0.68371 12.73483 0.76045 13.49528
16 0.82705 13.30819 0.37979 13.68798
17 0.94137 13.76550 0.12083 13.88633
18 0.81808 13.27232 0.40159 13.67391
19 0.55156 12.20624 1.19001 13.39625
20 0.05555 10.22220 5.78096 16.00316
21 0.55699 12.22794 1.17043 13.39837
22 0.60533 12.42131 1.00397 13.42528
23 0.92651 13.70605 0.15266 13.85871
24 0.18749 10.74998 3.34801 14.09799
25 0.57799 12.31195 1.09641 13.40836
26 0.89877 13.59507 0.21346 13.80853
27 0.43917 11.75669 1.64573 13.40242
28 0.52359 12.09436 1.29409 13.38845
29 0.82069 13.28274 0.39523 13.67797
30 0.63156 12.52625 0.91912 13.44537
31 0.73702 12.94807 0.61029 13.55836
32 0.70683 12.82730 0.69394 13.52125
33 0.36204 11.44817 2.03199 13.48016
34 0.31061 11.24243 2.33846 13.58088
35 0.80037 13.20146 0.44537 13.64684
36 0.13430 10.53720 4.01534 14.55255
37 0.89670 13.58679 0.21808 13.80486
38 0.34513 11.38053 2.12766 13.50818
39 0.63038 12.52152 0.92286 13.44439
40 0.08741 10.34965 4.87421 15.22386
41 0.10307 10.41230 4.54462 14.95691
42 0.67447 12.69787 0.78766 13.48553
43 0.80957 13.23829 0.42250 13.66079
44 0.28046 11.12184 2.54265 13.66449
45 0.80743 13.22971 0.42781 13.65751
46 0.02615 10.10459 7.28801 17.39260
47 0.69702 12.78807 0.72189 13.50996
48 0.94935 13.79739 0.10396 13.90135
49 0.26438 11.05754 2.66070 13.71824
50 0.11173 10.44693 4.38330 14.83023
Interval yang dibutuhkan untuk memplot histogram dengan jumlah data n=50,
𝑎 = 1 + 3.3 log 50 = 6.61 ≈ 7 𝑖𝑛𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑣𝑎𝑙
Tabel perhitungan:
No Range Frequency
1 13.2 - 13.8 33
2 13.8 - 14.4 8
3 14.4 - 15.0 5
4 15.0 - 15.6 2
5 15.6 - 16.2 1
6 16.2 - 16.8 0
7 16.8 - 17.4 1
S 50
Histogram distribusi,
Histogram of Y
35
30 33
Number of Observations
25
20
15
10
5 8
5 2 1 0 1
0
13.8 14.4 15 15.6 16.2 16.8 17.4
Y
NOMOR 4
Diketahui balok kayu tumpuan sederhana dengan panjang 4m. Dimensi penampang kayu 10/20
cm. Beban pada balok berupa beban mati (berat sendiri balok) dan beban hidup merata dengan
nilai rata-rata 4 kN/m dan standar deviasi 0.8 kN/m. Hitung peluang runtuh apabila diketahui
kekuatan kayu berdistribusi normal dengan nilai rata-rata 13000 kN/m2 dan standar deviasi 2000
kN/m2.
JAWAB
Kayu diasumsikan kayu jati. Beban mati balok DL,
𝐵𝐽 𝑘𝑎𝑦𝑢 𝑗𝑎𝑡𝑖 = 700 𝑘𝑔⁄𝑚3 = 7 𝑘𝑁⁄𝑚3
𝐷𝐿 = 0.1 𝑥 0.2 𝑥 7 = 0.14 𝑘𝑁/𝑚