DAFTAR ISI

KATA PENGANTAR ................................................................................... i

LEMBAR PENGESAHAN......................................................................... .. ii
DAFTAR ISI ................................................................................................ iii
BAB 1 PENDAHULUAN……...................................................................... 1
BAB II TINJAUAN PUSTAKA..................................................................... 2
2.1 Anatomi.............................…….………….............................................. 2
2.1.1 Anatomi Columna Vertebralis........................................................ 2
2.1.2 Anatomi Medulla Spinalis.............................................................. 3
2.2 Definisi.....................……...............………..……................................... 8
2.3 Epidemiologi............................................................................................ 9
2.4 Etiologi..................................……………………................................... 9
2.5 Patofisiologi...........………….................................................................. 10
2.5.1 Mekanisme Cedera......................................................................... 10
2.5.2 Patofisiologi Molekuler.................................................................. 14
2.6 Klasifikasi................................................................................................. 16
2.6.1 Level............................................................................................... 16
2.6.2 Defisit Neurologis........................................................................... 20
2.6.3 Sindrom Medulla Spinalis............................................................... 21
2.6.4 Morfologi........................................................................................ 26
2.7 Manifestasi Lesi Traumatik...................................................................... 29
2.8 Gejala Klinis............................................................................................. 33
2.9. Pemeriksaan Fisik..................................................................................... 34
2.10 Pemeriksaan Penunjang............................................................................. 38
2.11 Tatalaksana............................................................................................... 40
2.8.1 Penanganan Pra-Rumah Sakit......................................................... 41
2.8.2 Penanganan di Rumah Sakit............................................................ 42
2.8.2.1 Penanganan Awal.............................................................. 42
2.8.2.2 Penanganan Spesifik.......................................................... 43

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 2.8.2.2.1 Sistem Respiratorik........................................... 43
2.8.2.2.2 Sistem Kardiovaskular...................................... 43
2.8.2.2.3 Sistem Urologi.................................................. 44
2.8.2.2.4 Sistem Gastrointestinal..................................... 44
2.8.2.2.5 Kulit.................................................................. 45
2.8.2.2.6 Penggunaan Kortikosteroid............................... 45
2.8.2.3 Terapi Reduksi Non-Operatif dan Operatif...................... 45
2.9 Komplikasi............................................................................................... 47
2.10 Prognosis.................................................................................................. 48
BAB III KESIMPULAN................................................................................... 49
DAFTAR PUSTAKA....................................................................................... 50

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