SKRIPSI
Oleh:
PURNAMA S SAGALA
091201018/ BUDIDAYA HUTAN
Judul Penelitian : Dampak Kebakaran Hutan Terhadap Sifat Fisika dan Sifat
Kimia Tanah di Kabupaten Samosir
Nama Mahasiswa : Purnama S Sagala
NIM : 091201018
Program Studi/ Minat : Kehutanan/ Budidaya Hutan
Disetujui oleh
Komisi Pembimbing
Mengetahui,
Kata kunci: kebakaran hutan, dampak, sifat fisik tanah, sifat kimia tanah
PURNAMA SARI SAGALA. The impact of forest fires on the Nature Physics
and Soil Chemical Properties in Samosir. Under academic supervision by
DENI ELFIATI and DELVIAN.
Forest damage caused by forest fires could make a great harm. This result
aims to determine the impact of forest fires on the physical properties and
chemical soil. The result was conducted in May-July 2014. The soil samples were
taken in Samosir, North Sumatra. Soil analysis carried out in the Central
Laboratory of the Faculty of Agriculture, University of North Sumatra. The
results showed the type of fires are fires canopy. After the pH value of forest fires
is not too increased in 5-year period of surly be a fire that is slightly acid-neutral.
Changes in content of organic C, total N, available P, P-Total, Ca, Mg after
burned relatively small. The content of KTK, K, Na increased after the fire. This
occurs because of the influence of soil type and soil pH. Warming caused by fire
does not change the type of soil texture and color of the soil. Bulkdensity
relatively small after the forest fire. Soil moisture former forest fires larger than
unburned soil.
Keywords: forest fires, the impact, the physical properties of soil, soil chemical
properties
dari ayah M.Sagala (Alm) dan ibu M.Sihaloho. Penulis merupakan anak ketiga
Tahun 2009 penulis lulus dari SMA Negeri 1 Bahorok dan pada tahun
yang sama penulis diterima masuk di Fakultas Pertanian USU melalui jalur
tahun 2012 dan asisten praktikum Dasar Perlindungan Hutan 2013. Penulis juga
aktif dalam organisasi ekstra universitas yaitu Putra-putri Pencinta Alam dan
Lingkungan Hidup (PARINTAL) sebagai anggota biasa. Selain itu, penulis juga
(Tahura) Bukit Barisan pada tahun 2011. Penulis melaksanakan praktek kerja
lapangan (PKL) di Kph Banyuwangi Utara Perum Perhutani Unit II Jawa Timur
dan di Taman Hutan Raya Bukit Barisan Tongkoh Kabupaten Karo (Tanggal 17
Penulis melaksanakan penelitian dari bulan Mei 2014 sampai Juli 2014
dengan judul “Dampak Kebakaran Hutan Terhadap Sifat Fisika dan Kimia Tanah
di Kabupaten Samosir” dibawah bimbingan ibu Dr. Deni Elfiati SP., MP. dan
Puji dan Syukur penulis panjatkan kehadirat Tuhan Yang Maha Esa, atas
berkat dan rahmat-Nya penulis dapat menyelesaikan skripsi ini. Dalam skripsi ini,
penulis akan meneliti mengenai dampak kebakaran hutan terhadap sifat fisik dan
(adik).
terimakasih.
No. Hal.
1. Analisis pH, C-Organik, dan KTK................................................................ 19
Hal.
ABSTRAK .................................................................................................. i
ABSTRACT.................................................................................................. ii
RIWAYAT HIDUP..................................................................................... iii
KATA PENGANTAR ................................................................................ iv
DAFTAR TABEL....................................................................................... v
DAFTAR ISI............................................................................................... vi
PENDAHULUAN
Latar Belakang ................................................................................ 1
Tujuan Penelitian ............................................................................ 3
Manfaat Penelitian .......................................................................... 3
TINJAUAN PUSTAKA
Kebakaran Hutan............................................................................. 4
Proses dan Tipe Kebakaran Hutan .................................................. 4
Sifat Fisik dan Kimia Tanah ........................................................... 5
Sifat Fisik Tanah......................................................................... 5
Tekstur Tanah ........................................................................ 6
Warna Tanah.......................................................................... 6
Kerapatan Lindak (Bulk density) ........................................... 8
Kadar Air Tanah ..................................................................... 9
Sifat Kimia Tanah....................................................................... 9
Reaksi Tanah (pH Tanah) ...................................................... 10
C-Organik .............................................................................. 10
Kapasitas Tukar Kation (KTK).............................................. 12
Nitrogen (N) Total ................................................................. 13
Posfat (P)................................................................................ 14
Kalium (K)............................................................................. 15
Calsium (Ca) .......................................................................... 16
Magnesium (Mg) ................................................................... 16
Tipe Kebakaran ............................................................................... 17
Dampak Kebakaran Hutan terhadap Vegetasi dan Tanah............... 18
Keadaan Umum Lokasi Penelitian.................................................. 20
METODE PENELITIAN
Tempat dan Waktu Penelitian ......................................................... 22
Bahan dan Alat................................................................................ 22
Metode Penelitian............................................................................ 23
Penentuan Lokasi Penelitian....................................................... 23
Pengambilan Sampel Tanah ....................................................... 23
Paremeter Pengamatan ............................................................... 24
Sifat Fisik Tanah .................................................................... 24
DAFTAR PUSTAKA
LAMPIRAN