TUGAS

METODE NUMERIK

Tentang

Metode Bagi 2

Oleh :

TUTI AZIZAH :1514040046

Dosen Pembimbing :

ANDI SUSANTO, S.,Si., M.Si

JURUSAN TADRIS MATEMATIKA B

FAKULTAS TARBIYAH DAN KEGURUAN

UNIVERSITAS ISLAM NEGERI (UIN)

IMAM BONJOL PADANG

1439 H / 2018M

1. Hampiri akar-akar dari persamaan berikut dan gunakan metode bagi dua
dengan ketelitian 10−6
a. 𝑓(𝑥) = 2𝑥 2 − 𝑒 −𝑥
b. 𝑓(𝑥) = 1 − 𝑥 − 𝑒 −2𝑥
c. 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑒 −𝑥 + sin 𝑥
d. 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑥 2 + sin 𝑥 − 2

Jawaban:

a. 𝑓(𝑥) = 2𝑥 2 − 𝑒 −𝑥
Tentukan selang awal
𝑥 𝑓(𝑥)
0 -1
0.2 -0.738730
0.4 -0.350320
0.6 0.171188
Jadi, selang awal [0.4;0.6], 𝑓(𝑎) = −0.350320 dan 𝑓(𝑏) = 0.171188
Iterasi 1
𝑎+𝑏 0.4+0.6
𝑐= = = 0.5
2 2
𝑓(𝑐) = −0.106530
Selang [0.4 ; 0.5] dan [0.5 ; 0.6]
Karena 𝑓(𝑐) ∙ 𝑓(𝑏) < 0 maka selang baru [0.5 ; 0.6]
Iterasi 2
𝑎+𝑏 0.5+0.6
𝑐= = = 0.55
2 2
𝑓(𝑐) = 0.028050
Karena 𝑓(𝑎) ∙ 𝑓(𝑐) < 0 maka selang baru [0.5 ; 0.55]
Iterasi 3
𝑎+𝑏 0.5+0.55
𝑐= = = 0.525
2 2
𝑓(𝑐) = −0.044303
Karena 𝑓(𝑐) ∙ 𝑓(𝑏) < 0 maka selang baru [0.525 ; 0.55]
Iterasi 4
𝑎+𝑏 0.525+0.55
𝑐= = = 0.5375
2 2
𝑓(𝑐) = −0.006394
Karena 𝑓(𝑐) ∙ 𝑓(𝑏) < 0 maka selang baru [0.5375 ; 0.55]
Iterasi 5
𝑎+𝑏 0.5375+0.55
𝑐= = = 0.54375
2 2
𝑓(𝑐) = 0.010761
Karena 𝑓(𝑎) ∙ 𝑓(𝑐) < 0 maka selang baru [0.5375 ; 0.54375]
Iterasi 6
 𝑎+𝑏 0.5375+0.54375
𝑐= = = 0.540625
2 2
𝑓(𝑐) = 0.002167
Karena 𝑓(𝑎) ∙ 𝑓(𝑐) < 0 maka selang baru [0.5375 ; 0.540625]
Iterasi 7
𝑎+𝑏 0.5375+0.540625
𝑐= = = 0.5390625
2 2
𝑓(𝑐) = −0.002118
Karena 𝑓(𝑐) ∙ 𝑓(𝑏) < 0 maka selang baru [0.5390625 ; 0.540625]
Iterasi 8
𝑎+𝑏 0.5390625+0.540625
𝑐= = = 0.53984375
2 2
𝑓(𝑐) = 0.000023
Karena 𝑓(𝑎) ∙ 𝑓(𝑐) < 0 maka selang baru [0.5390625 ; 0.53984375]
Iterasi 9
𝑎+𝑏 0.5390625+0.53984375
𝑐= = = 0.539453125
2 2
𝑓(𝑐) = −0.001048
Karena 𝑓(𝑐) ∙ 𝑓(𝑏) < 0 maka selang baru [0.539453125; 0.53984375]
Iterasi 10
𝑎+𝑏 0.539453125+0.53984375
𝑐= = = 0.5396484375
2 2
𝑓(𝑐) = −0.000512
Karena 𝑓(𝑐) ∙ 𝑓(𝑏) < 0 maka selang baru [0.5396484375; 0.53984375]
Iterasi 11
𝑎+𝑏 0.5396484375+0.53984375
𝑐= = = 0.53974559375
2 2
𝑓(𝑐) = −0.000246
Karena 𝑓(𝑐) ∙ 𝑓(𝑏) < 0 maka selang baru [0.53974559375 ;
0.53984375]
Iterasi 12
𝑎+𝑏 0.53974559375+0.53984375
𝑐= = = 0.53974671875
2 2
𝑓(𝑐) = −0.000111
Karena 𝑓(𝑐) ∙ 𝑓(𝑏) < 0 maka selang baru [0.53974671875 ;
0.53984375]
Iterasi 13
𝑎+𝑏 0.53974671875 +0.53984375
𝑐= = = 0.5398192109275
2 2
𝑓(𝑐) = −0.000044
Karena 𝑓(𝑐) ∙ 𝑓(𝑏) < 0 maka selang baru [0.5398192109275;
0.53984375]
Iterasi 14
𝑎+𝑏 0.5398192109275 +0.53984375
𝑐= = = 0.53983148046875
2 2
 𝑓(𝑐) = −0.000010
Karena 𝑓(𝑐) ∙ 𝑓(𝑏) < 0 maka selang baru [0.53983148046875;
0.53984375]
Iterasi 15
𝑎+𝑏 0.53983148046875 +0.53984375
𝑐= = = 0.539837615234375
2 2
𝑓(𝑐) = 0.000006
Karena 𝑓(𝑎) ∙ 𝑓(𝑐) < 0 maka selang baru [0.53983148046875;
0.539837615234375]
Iterasi 16
𝑎+𝑏 0.53983148046875 +0.539837615234375
𝑐= = = 0.53983454785156
2 2
𝑓(𝑐) = −0.000001
Karena 𝑓(𝑐) ∙ 𝑓(𝑏) < 0 maka selang baru [0.53983454785156;
0.539837615234375]
Iterasi 17
𝑎+𝑏 0.53983454785156 +0.539837615234375
𝑐= = = 0.53983608154297
2 2
𝑓(𝑐) = 0.000002
Karena 𝑓(𝑎) ∙ 𝑓(𝑐) < 0 maka selang baru [0.53983454785156;
0.53983608154297]
Iterasi 18
𝑎+𝑏 0.53983454785156 +0.53983608154297
𝑐= = = 0.53983531469726
2 2
𝑓(𝑐) = 0.000000
Karena 𝑓(𝑐) = 0 maka solusi akhir (akar)nya adalah
0.53983531469726

b. 𝑓(𝑥) = 1 − 𝑥 − 𝑒 −2𝑥
Tentukan selang awal
𝑥 𝑓(𝑥)
0.70 0.053403
0.75 0.026870
0.80 -0.001897
Dapat selang awal [0.75 ; 0.80]
𝑓(𝑎) = 0.026870 dan 𝑓(𝑏) = −0.001897
Iterasi 1
𝑎+𝑏 0.75 +0.80
𝑐= = = 0.775
2 2
𝑓(𝑐) = 0.012752
Karena 𝑓(𝑐) ∙ 𝑓(𝑏) < 0 maka selang baru [0.775; 0.80]
Iterasi 2
 𝑎+𝑏 0.775 +0.80
𝑐= = = 0.7875
2 2
𝑓(𝑐) = 0.005492
Karena 𝑓(𝑐) ∙ 𝑓(𝑏) < 0 maka selang baru [0.7875; 0.80]
Iterasi 3
𝑎+𝑏 0.7875 +0.80
𝑐= = = 0.79375
2 2
𝑓(𝑐) = 0.001814
Karena 𝑓(𝑐) ∙ 𝑓(𝑏) < 0 maka selang baru [0.79375; 0.80]
Iterasi 4
𝑎+𝑏 0.79375 +0.80
𝑐= = = 0.796875
2 2
𝑓(𝑐) = −0.000037
Karena 𝑓(𝑎) ∙ 𝑓(𝑐) < 0 maka selang baru [0.79375; 0.796875]
Iterasi 5
𝑎+𝑏 0.79375 +0.796875
𝑐= = = 0.7953125
2 2
𝑓(𝑐) = 0.000889
Karena 𝑓(𝑐) ∙ 𝑓(𝑏) < 0 maka selang baru [0.7953125; 0.796875]
Iterasi 6
𝑎+𝑏 0.7953125 +0.796875
𝑐= = = 0.79609375
2 2
𝑓(𝑐) = 0.000426
Karena 𝑓(𝑐) ∙ 𝑓(𝑏) < 0 maka selang baru [0.79609375; 0.796875]
Iterasi 7
𝑎+𝑏 0.79609375 +0.796875
𝑐= = = 0.796484375
2 2
𝑓(𝑐) = 0.000195
Karena 𝑓(𝑐) ∙ 𝑓(𝑏) < 0 maka selang baru [0.796484375; 0.796875]
Iterasi 8
𝑎+𝑏 0.796484375 +0.796875
𝑐= = = 0.7966796875
2 2
𝑓(𝑐) = −0.000078
Karena 𝑓(𝑎) ∙ 𝑓(𝑐) < 0 maka selang baru [0.796484375;
0.7966796875]
Iterasi 9
𝑎+𝑏 0.796484375 +0.7966796875
𝑐= = = 0.79658203125
2 2
𝑓(𝑐) = 0.000137
Karena 𝑓(𝑐) ∙ 𝑓(𝑏) < 0 maka selang baru [0.79658203125;
0.7966796875]
Iterasi 10
𝑎+𝑏 0.79658203125 +0.7966796875
𝑐= = = 0.796630859375
2 2
𝑓(𝑐) = 0.000108
Karena 𝑓(𝑐) ∙ 𝑓(𝑏) < 0 maka selang baru [0.796630859375;
0.7966796875]
Iterasi 11
𝑎+𝑏 0.796630859375 +0.7966796875
𝑐= = = 0.7966552734375
2 2
𝑓(𝑐) = −0.000093
Karena 𝑓(𝑎) ∙ 𝑓(𝑐) < 0 maka selang baru [0.796630859375;
0.7966552734375]
Iterasi 12
𝑎+𝑏 0.796630859375 +0.7966552734375
𝑐= = = 0.79664306640625
2 2
𝑓(𝑐) = 0.000100
Karena 𝑓(𝑐) ∙ 𝑓(𝑏) < 0 maka selang baru [0.79664306640625;
0.7966552734375]
Iterasi 13
𝑎+𝑏 0.79664306640625 +0.7966552734375
𝑐= = = 0.79664916992188
2 2
𝑓(𝑐) = −0.000096
Karena 𝑓(𝑎) ∙ 𝑓(𝑐) < 0 maka selang baru [0.79664306640625;
0.79664916992188]
Iterasi 14
𝑎+𝑏 0.79664306640625 +0.79664916992188
𝑐= = = 0.79664611816406
2 2
𝑓(𝑐) = −0.000098
Karena 𝑓(𝑎) ∙ 𝑓(𝑐) < 0 maka selang baru [0.79664306640625;
0.79664611816406]
Iterasi 15
𝑎+𝑏 0.79664306640625 +0.79664611816406
𝑐= = = 0.79664459228516
2 2
𝑓(𝑐) = −0.000099
Karena 𝑓(𝑎) ∙ 𝑓(𝑐) < 0 maka selang baru [0.79664306640625;
0.79664459228516]
Iterasi 16
𝑎+𝑏 0.79664306640625 +0.79664459228516
𝑐= = = 0.7966438293457
2 2
𝑓(𝑐) = −0.000099
Karena 𝑓(𝑎) ∙ 𝑓(𝑐) < 0 maka selang baru [0.79664306640625;
0.7966438293457]

Iterasi 17
𝑎+𝑏 0.79664306640625 +0.7966438293457
𝑐= = = 0.79664344787598
2 2
𝑓(𝑐) = 0.000100
 Karena 𝑓(𝑐) ∙ 𝑓(𝑏) < 0 maka selang baru [0.79664344787598;
0.7966438293457]
Iterasi 18
𝑎+𝑏 0.79664344787598 +0.7966438293457
𝑐= = = 0.79664363540527
2 2
𝑓(𝑐) = 0.000100
Karena 𝑓(𝑐) ∙ 𝑓(𝑏) < 0 maka selang baru [0.79664363540527;
0.7966438293457]
Iterasi 19
𝑎+𝑏 0.79664363540527 +0.7966438293457
𝑐= = = 0.79664373237548
2 2
𝑓(𝑐) = 0.000099
Karena 𝑓(𝑐) ∙ 𝑓(𝑏) < 0 maka selang baru [0.79664363540527;
0.7966438293457]

c. 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑒 − + sin 𝑥

Jawab:

Selang awal

𝑥 𝑓(𝑥) Terjadi perubahan tanda pada selang 3,1 dan 3,2

3 0,1909
3,1 0,086629
3,2 −0,0176

Selang awal [3,1; 3,2]

𝑓(𝑎) = 0,086629

𝑓(𝑏) = −0,0176

Iterasi 1

3,1 + 3,2
𝑐= = 3,15
2
𝑓(𝑐) = 0,0344448

Selang baru [3,1; 3,15] 𝑑𝑎𝑛 [3,15; 3,2]

Karena 𝑓(𝑐). 𝑓(𝑏) < 0, maka selang barunya

 [3,15; 3,2]

Iterasi 2

3,15 + 3,2
𝑐= = 3,175
2
𝑓(𝑐) = 0,00839297

Selang baru [3,1; 3,175] 𝑑𝑎𝑛 [3,175; 3,2]

Karena 𝑓(𝑐). 𝑓(𝑏) < 0, maka selang barunya

[3,175; 3,2]

Iterasi 3

3,175 + 3,2
𝑐= = 3,1875
2
𝑓(𝑐) = −0,004616

Selang baru [3,175; 3,1875] 𝑑𝑎𝑛 [3,1875; 3,2]

Karena 𝑓(𝑎). 𝑓(𝑐) < 0, maka selang barunya

[3,175; 3,1875]

Iterasi 4

3,175 + 3,1875
𝑐= = 3,18125
2
𝑓(𝑐) = 0,0018867

Selang baru [3,175; 3,18125] 𝑑𝑎𝑛 [3,18125; 3,1875]

Karena 𝑓(𝑐). 𝑓(𝑏) < 0, maka selang barunya

[3,18125; 3,1875]

Iterasi 5

3,18125 + 3,1875
𝑐= = 3,184375
2
𝑓(𝑐) = 0,001365

Selang baru [3,18125; 3,184375] 𝑑𝑎𝑛 [3,184375; 3,1875]

Karena 𝑓(𝑎). 𝑓(𝑐) < 0, maka selang barunya

[3,18125; 3,184375]

Iterasi 6

3,18125 + 3,184375
𝑐= = 3,1828125
2
𝑓(𝑐) = 0,00026068

Selang baru [3,18125; 3,1828125] 𝑑𝑎𝑛 [3,1828125; 3,184375]

Karena 𝑓(𝑐). 𝑓(𝑏) < 0, maka selang barunya

[3,1828125; 3,184375]

Iterasi 7

3,1828125 + 3,184375
𝑐= = 3,18359375
2
𝑓(𝑐) = −0,00055227

Selang baru [3,1828125; 3,1828125] 𝑑𝑎𝑛 [3,1828125; 3,184375]

Karena 𝑓(𝑎). 𝑓(𝑐) < 0, maka selang barunya

[3,1828125; 3,18359375]

Iterasi 8

3,1828125 + 3,18359375
𝑐= = 3,18320313
2
𝑓(𝑐) = −0,0001458

Selang baru [3,1828125; 3,18320313] 𝑑𝑎𝑛 [3,18320313; 3,18359375]

Karena 𝑓(𝑎). 𝑓(𝑐) < 0, maka selang barunya

[3,1828125; 3,18320313]

Iterasi 9

3,1828125 + 3,18320313
𝑐= = 3,18300782
2
𝑓(𝑐) = 0,0000574
Selang baru [3,1828125; 3,18300782] 𝑑𝑎𝑛 [3,18300782; 3,18320313]

𝑥 𝑓(𝑥) Karena 𝑓(𝑐). 𝑓(𝑏) < 0, maka selang

0 0,2 barunya

[3,18300782; 3,18320313]

Iterasi 10

3,18300782 + 3,18320313
𝑐= = 3,18310548
2
𝑓(𝑐) = −0,00004419

Selang baru [3,18300782; 3,18310548] 𝑑𝑎𝑛 [3,18310548; 3,18320313]

Karena 𝑓(𝑎). 𝑓(𝑐) < 0, maka selang barunya

[3,18300782; 3,18310548]

Iterasi 11

3,18300782 + 3,18310548
𝑐= = 3,18305665
2
𝑓(𝑐) = 0,0000066

Selang baru [3,18300782; 3,18305665] 𝑑𝑎𝑛 [3,18305665; 3,18310548]

Karena 𝑓(𝑐). 𝑓(𝑏) < 0, maka selang barunya

[3,18305665; 3,18310548]

d. 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑥 2 + 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑥 − 2, Menentukan selang awal

 0,1 −1,890186
0,2 −1,76133
0,3 −1,6144797
0,4 −1,450581
0,5 −1,27057
0,6 −1,075357
0,7 −0,8657
0,8 −0,642643
0,9 −0,406673
1,0 −0,158529
1,1 0,101207

Selang awal [1;1,1]

𝑓(𝑎) = −0,158529

𝑓(𝑏) = 0,101207

Iterasi 1

1 + 1,1
𝑐= = 1,05
2
𝑓(𝑐) = −0,0300767

Selang baru [1; 1,05]dan [1,05; 1,1]

Karena 𝑓(𝑐). 𝑓(𝑏) < 0, maka selang baru [1,05; 1,1]

Iterasi 2

1,05 + 1,1
𝑐= = 1,075
2
𝑓(𝑐) = 0,035215

Selang baru [1,05; 1,075]dan [1,075; 1,1]

Karena 𝑓(𝑎). 𝑓(𝑐) < 0, maka selang baru [1,05; 1,075]

Iterasi 3

1,05 + 1,075
𝑐= = 1,0625
2
𝑓(𝑐) = 0,002481185
Selang baru [1,05; 1,0625]dan [1,0625; 1,075]

Karena 𝑓(𝑎). 𝑓(𝑐) < 0, maka selang baru [1,05; 1,0625]

Iterasi 4

1,05 + 1,0625
𝑐= = 1,05625
2
𝑓(𝑐) = −0,01381985

Selang baru [1,05; 1,05625]dan [1,05625; 1,0625]

Karena 𝑓(𝑐). 𝑓(𝑏) < 0, maka selang baru [1,05625; 1,0625]

Iterasi 5

1,05625 + 1,0625
𝑐= = 1,059375
2
𝑓(𝑐) = −0,056748

Selang baru [1,05625; 1,09375]dan [1,09375; 1,0625]

Karena 𝑓(𝑐). 𝑓(𝑏) < 0, maka selang baru [1,09375; 1,0625]

Iterasi 6

1,09375 + 1,0625
𝑐= = 1,0609375
2
𝑓(𝑐) = −0,0015982

Selang baru [1,09375; 1,060982]dan [1,060982; 1,09375]

Karena 𝑓(𝑐). 𝑓(𝑏) < 0, maka selang baru [1,060982; 1,09375]

Iterasi 7

1,060982 + 1,09375
𝑐= = 1,06171875
2
𝑓(𝑐) = 0,0004411

Selang baru [1,060982; 1,06171875]dan [1,06171875; 1,09375]

Karena 𝑓(𝑎). 𝑓(𝑐) < 0, maka selang baru [1,060982; 1,06171875]

Iterasi 9
 1,060982 + 1,06171875
𝑐= = 1,06152344
2
𝑓(𝑐) = −0,0000687

Selang baru [1,060982; 1,06152344]dan [1,06152344; 1,0617875]

Karena 𝑓(𝑐). 𝑓(𝑏) < 0, maka selang baru [1,06152344; 1,0617875]

Iterasi 10

1,06152344; 1,0617875
𝑐= = 1,0616211
2
𝑓(𝑐) = 0,0001867

Selang baru [1,06152344; 1,0616211]dan [1,0616211; 1,0617875]

Karena 𝑓(𝑐). 𝑓(𝑏) < 0, maka selang baru [1,06152344; 1,0616211]

Iterasi 11

1,06152344; 1,0616211
𝑐= = 1,06157227
2
𝑓(𝑐) = 0,0000587

Selang baru [1,06152344; 1,06157227]dan [1,06157227; 1,0616211]

Karena 𝑓(𝑎). 𝑓(𝑐) < 0, maka selang baru [1,06152344; 1,06157227]

Iterasi 12

1,06152344; 1,06157227
𝑐= = 1,06154786
2
𝑓(𝑐) = −0,000004998

Selang baru [1,06152344; 1,06154786]dan [1,06154786; 1,06157227]

Karena 𝑓(𝑐). 𝑓(𝑏) < 0, maka selang baru [1,06154786; 1,06157227]

Iterasi 13

1,06154786; 1,06157227
𝑐= = 1,06156007
2
𝑓(𝑐) = 0,000026877
Selang baru [1,06154786; 1,06156007]dan [1,06156007; 1,06157227]

Karena 𝑓(𝑎). 𝑓(𝑐) < 0, maka selang baru [1,06154786; 1,06156007]

Iterasi 14

1,06154786; 1,06156007
𝑐= = 1,06155397
2
𝑓(𝑐) = 0,00001095

Selang baru [1,06154786; 1,06155397]dan [1,06155397; 1,06156007]

Karena 𝑓(𝑎). 𝑓(𝑐) < 0, maka selang baru [1,06154786; 1,06155397]

Iterasi 15

1,06154786; 1,06155397
𝑐= = 1,06155092
2
𝑓(𝑐) = 0,00000299

Selang baru [1,06154786; 1,06155092]dan [1,06155092; 1,06155397]

Karena 𝑓(𝑎). 𝑓(𝑐) < 0, maka selang baru [1,06154786; 1,06155092]

Iterasi 16

1,06154786; 1,06155092
𝑐= = 1,06154939
2
𝑓(𝑐) = −0,000004998

Selang baru [1,06154786; 1,06154939]dan [1,06154939; 1,06155092]

Karena 𝑓(𝑐). 𝑓(𝑏) < 0, maka selang baru [1,06154939; 1,06155092]

Iterasi 17

1,06154939; 1,06155092
𝑐= = 1,06155016
2
𝑓(𝑐) = 0,000001006

Selang baru [1,06154939; 1,06155016]dan [1,06155016; 1,06155092]

Karena 𝑓(𝑎). 𝑓(𝑐) < 0, maka selang baru [1,06154939; 1,06155016]