Perhitungan Statika - 2
Perhitungan Statika - 2
B = 2x 3.5 m
β1= 30◦
V = 50 Km/J
en = 2% 0.02
e maks = 10 % 0.1
Dengan data-data diatas, maka tikungan yang digunakan adalah jenis Spiral - Circle - Spiral (S-C-S) karena ß>20◦
fm = 0.19 - 0.0006 x v
= 0.19 - 0.0006 x 50
= 0.1588
D = 1432.4 / R
= 1432.4 / 150
= 9.55◦
e = - e max x D² 2 e max x D
+
D²max D max
= - 0.1 x 91.19◦ 0.2 x 9.55◦
+
354.50 18.83
= - 0.0257 + 0.101
= 0.0757
= 7.5713 %
θs = (Ls x 90◦ ) / πR
= 9.55◦
β* = β - 2θs
= 30◦ - 19.108
= 10.89◦
X◦ = ((1-3,0461742 x θs^2 x 10^-5 )+( 4,2959154 x θs^4 x 10^-10) - (3,0198708 x θs^6 x 10^-15 ))
= 0.9972
Y◦ = (((5,81776417 x θs x 10^-3 )-(1,26585165 x θs^3 x 10^-7)) +( (1,22691057 x θs^5 x 10^-12 )-(6,516977529 x θs^7 x 10^-18) ))
= 0.0555
3) Menentukan K, P , Lc , L , Ts ,dan Es
K = K◦ x LS
= 0.4995 x 50
= 24.977 m
P = P◦ x LS
= 0.0139 x 50
= 0.6941 m
Lc = ( β* / 360◦ ) x 2πR
= 28.5 m ≈ Benar
L = Lc + 2LS
= 28.5 + 100
= 128.5 m
Ts = (R+P) tanβ/2 + K
= 150.69 x 0.2679 + 24.977
= 65.355 m
Es = ((R+P)/cosβ/2) - R
= 6.01 m
B = 2x 3.5 m
β2= 10◦
V = 50 Km/J
en = 2%
e maks = 10 %
Dengan data-data diatas, maka tikungan yang digunakan adalah jenis Full (FC) Circle karena ß<20◦
fm = 0.19 - 0.0006 x v
= 0.19 - 0.0006 x 50
= 0.15875
D = 1432.4 / R
= 1432.4 / 475
= 3.02◦
### Menentukan Miring tikungan / Super elevasi (e) dengan rumus :
e = - e max x D² 2 e max x D
+
D²max D max
= - 0.1 x 9.09◦ 0.2 x 3.02◦
+
354.50 18.83
= - 0.0026 + 0.03203
= 0.02947
= 2.94674 %
Lc = β/360 x 2πR
= 0.02778 x 2983
= 82.86 m ≈ Benar
Tc = R x tanβ/2
= 475 x 0.0875
= 41.56 m
Ec = R/(cosβ/2) - R
= 476.814 - 475
= 1.81 m
Data Perencanaan
β3 = 35◦ (Spiral - Spiral)
B = 2 x 3.5 m
V = 50 Km/J
en = 2 %
e maks = 10 %
Dengan data-data diatas, maka tikungan yang digunakan adalah jenis Spiral - Circle - Spiral (S-S) karena ß>20◦
fm = 0.19 - 0.00063 x v
= 0.19 - 0.00063 x 50
= 0.15875
D = 1432.4 / R
= 1432.4 / 150
= 9.55◦
e = - e max x D² 2 e max x D
+
D²max D max
= - 0.02 x 91.19◦ 0.04 x 9.55◦
+
169.18 13.01
= - 0.01078 + 0.02937
= 0.0185867
= 1.858673 %
Landai Minimum C=Perubahan Percepatan
1/m = ((en+e maks)B)/LS = 0.4 m/det2
1/115 = 0.42 / Ls
Ls = 48.3
Menentukan Ls Min
A) Ls = (en + e)/2 B x M
= 10.143 m
θs = 1/2β
= 17.50◦
Karena Ls* > Ls ( dari tabel Bina Marga ), maka diambil hasil yang paling besar. Yaitu : Ls = 91.63 m
X◦ = ((1-3,0461742 x θs^2 x 10^-5 )+( 4,2959154 x θs^4 x 10^-10) - (3,0198708 x θs^6 x 10^-15 ))
= 0.9907113
Y◦ = (((5,81776417 x θs x 10^-3 )-(1,26585165 x θs^3 x 10^-7)) +( (1,22691057 x θs^5 x 10^-12 )-(6,516977529 x θs^7 x 10^-18) ))
= 0.1011345
6) Menentukan K, P , Lc , L , Ts ,dan Es
K = K◦ x LS*
= 0.4984473 x 91.63
= 45.672444 m
P = P◦ x LS*
= 0.0253678 x 91.63
= 2.3244364 m
L = 2 x Ls
= 2 x 91.63
= 183.25887 m
Ts = (R+P) tanβ/2 + K
= 152.32444 x 0.3153 + 45.6724
= 93.70 m
Es = ((R+P)/cosβ/2) - R
= 9.72 m
7) Landai Maksimum
Data Perencanaan
β4 = 40◦ (Spiral - Spiral)
B = 2 x 3.5 m
V = 60 Km/J
en = 2 %
e maks = 10 %
Dengan data-data diatas, maka tikungan yang digunakan adalah jenis Spiral - Spiral (S-S) karena ß>20◦
fm = 0.19 - 0.000625 x v
= 0.19 - 0.000625 x 60
= 0.1525
D = 1432.4 / R
= 1432.4 / 300
= 4.77◦
e = - e max x D² 2 e max x D
+
D²max D max
= - 0.02 x 22.80◦ 0.04 x 4.77◦
+
75.98 8.72
= - 0.006001 + 0.0219103
= 0.01591
=1.590954 %
Landai Minimum C=Perubahan Percepatan
1/m = ((en+e maks)B)/LS = 0.4 m/det2
1/115 = 0.42 / Ls
Ls = 48.3
Menentukan Ls Min
A) Ls = (en + e)/2 B x M
= 10.143 m
θs = 1/2β
= 20.00◦
Karena Ls* > Ls ( dari tabel Bina Marga ), maka diambil hasil yang paling besar. Yaitu : Ls = 209.44 m
X◦ = ((1-3,0461742 x θs^2 x 10^-5 )+( 4,2959154 x θs^4 x 10^-10) - (3,0198708 x θs^6 x 10^-15 ))
= 0.987884
Y◦ = (((5,81776417 x θs x 10^-3 )-(1,26585165 x θs^3 x 10^-7)) +( (1,22691057 x θs^5 x 10^-12 )-(6,516977529 x θs^7 x 10^-18) ))
= 0.115347
K = K◦ x LS*
= 0.497974 x 209.44
= 104.2951 m
P = P◦ x LS*
= 0.028962 x 209.44
= 6.065812 m
L = 2 x Ls
= 2 x 209.44
= 418.8774 m
Ts = (R+P) tanβ/2 + K
= 306.0658 x 0.36397 + 104.2951
= 215.69 m
Es = ((R+P)/cosβ/2) - R
= 25.71 m
7) Landai Maksimum
Diketahui : Konstruksi rangka batang dengan beban-beban dan bentang seperti gambar
P1 = 2T
P2 = 6T
P3 = 2T
Ditanya : Gaya-gaya batang a sampai dengan m dengan menggunakan metode kesetimbangan titik simpul
Penyelesaian :
Akibat beban luar P1, P2, dan P3 maka pada tumpuan A dan B reaksi-reaksi
24 ) + ( P1 x 8) + ( P2 x 12 ) + ( P3 x 16 ) = 0 ()
Mencari Reaksi Tumpuan Di A 16 ) + ( 2x 4) + ( 6x 8) + ( 2 x 12 ) = 0
ΣMA = 0 ( - RB x - RB = -5.00 T
( - RB x RB = 5.00 T
24 ) - ( P1 x 8) - ( P2 x 12 ) - ( P3 x 16 ) = 0
Mencari Reaksi Tumpuan Di B 16 ) - ( 2x 4) - ( 6x 8) - ( 2 x 12 ) = 0
ΣMB = 0 ( + RA x + RA = 5.00 T
( + RA x RA = 5.00 T
) + ( RB ) - ( P1 ) + ( P2 ) + ( P3 ) = 0
Kontrol ) + ( 5.00 ) - ( 2 ) + ( 6 ) + ( 2 ) = 0
ΣV = 0 ( RA 0= 0.00 T Benar
( 5.00
P1 = 2 T
P2 = 6 T
P3 = 2 T
RA = 5.00 Ton
RB = 5.00 Ton
Penyelesaian :
Σ Horisontal = n x Cos 45 + a = 0
= -7.07 x 0.7071 + a = 0
= a = 5.00 Ton Tarik
2 Titik Simpul =C
batang = s
Σ vertikal = s x Sin 45 - P1 + p = 0
= s x 0.7071 - 2.00 + 0.00 = 0
= s = 2.828 Ton Tarik
batang = b
Σ Horisontal = s x Cos 45 + b + a = 0
= 2.83 x 0.7071 + b + 5.00 = 0
= 2.0000 + b + 5.00 = 0
b = -7.00 Ton Tekan
4 Titik Simpul =M
batang = i
Σ Horisontal = n x Cos 45 + i + q x Cos 45 = 0
= 5.00 x 0.7071 + i + 5.00 x 0.7071 = 0
= i = -7.071 Ton Tekan
batang = q
Σ Vertikal = q x Sin 45 + n - n x Sin 45 = 0
= q x 0.7071 + 0.00 - 5.000 x 0.7071 = 0
= q x 0.7071 + 0.00 - 3.536 = 0
q = 5.00 Ton Tarik
4 Titik Simpul =O
batang = t
Σ Horisontal = q + t = 0
= 5.00 + t
= t = -5.000 Ton Tekan
4 Titik Simpul =P
batang = l
Σ Horisontal = i + l = 0
= -7.07 + l = 0
= l = 7.071 Ton Tarik
batang = o
Σ Horisontal = 0+ o = 0
= 0.00 + o = 0
= o = 0.000 Ton
4 Titik Simpul =E
batang = z
Σ Vertikal = t x Sin 45 + P2 + e x Sin 45 = 0
= -5.00 x 0.7071 + 6 + z x 0.7071 = 0
= z = -3.485 Ton Tekan
batang = e
Σ Horisontal = t x Cos 45 + b + e + z x Cos 45 = 0
= -5.00 x 0.7071 + -7.00 + e + -3.485 x 0.7071 = 0
= -3.5355 + -7.00 + e + -2.464 = 0
e = -13.00 Ton Tekan
2 Titik Simpul =G
batang = j
Σ vertikal = j x Sin 45 - P3 + y = 0
= j x 0.7071 - 2.00 + 0.00 = 0
= j = 2.828 Ton Tarik
batang = f
Σ Horisontal = j x Cos 45 + f + e = 0
= 2.83 x 0.7071 + f + -13.00 = 0
= 2.0000 + f + -13.00 = 0
f = 11.00 Ton Tarik
4 Titik Simpul =Q
batang = m
Σ Horisontal = z + m = 0
= -3.49 + m
= m = 3.485 Ton Tarik
4 Titik Simpul =I
batang = g
Σ Vertikal = g x Sin 45 + y + m x Sin 45 = 0
= g x 0.7071 + 0.00 + 3.485 x 0.7071 = 0
= g x 0.7071 + 0.00 + 2.464 = 0
g = 3.49 Ton Tarik
1 Titik Simpul =B
batang = g
Σ vertikal = g x Sin 45 + RB = 0
= g x 0.7071 + 5.00 = 0
= g = -7.071 Ton Tekan
batang = f
Σ Horisontal = g x Cos 45 + a = 0
= -7.07 x 0.7071 + a = 0
= a = 5.00 Ton Tarik