PROPOSAL PENELITIAN

HUBUNGAN ANTARA PEMERIKSAAN ANTIBODI DENGUE IgG

DENGAN PEMERIKSAAN UJI FUNGSI HATI (SGOT DAN SGPT) PADA
PASIEN DEMAM BERDARAH DENGUE (DBD) DI RSUD DR. M. YUNUS
BENGKULU PADA BULAN DESEMBER TAHUN 2015

OLEH:

MARLIA NOVELIA SAFITRI

H1A011041

PROGRAM STUDI KEDOKTERAN

FAKULTAS KEDOKTERAN DAN ILMU KESEHATAN

UNIVERSITAS BENGKULU

2015

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 PERSETUJUAN

Proposal Penelitian Dengan Judul:

Hubungan Pemeriksaan Antibodi Dengue IgG Dengan Pemeriksaan Uji

Fungsi Hati (SGOT dan SGPT) Pada Pasien Demam Berdarah Dengue

(DBD) Di RSUD dr. M. Yunus Bengkulu Pada Bulan Desember Tahun 2015

Marlia Novelia Safitri, NPM: H1A011041, Tahun: 2015

Telah disetujui untuk diuji di hadapan Tim Validasi Proposal

Pada Hari Jumat, 4 Desember 2015

Pembimbing Utama Penguji Utama

dr. Mulyadi, M.Sc, Sp.PK Dr. Faroland Dedy, M.Kes, Sp.PK

NIP. 197006012002121002 NIP. 197110102000121008

Pembimbing Pendamping Penguji Pendamping

dr. Enny Nugraheni, M.Biomed dr. Elvira Rosana

NIP. 1983091920092003 NIP. 198805252014042002

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 PERNYATAAN

Dengan ini menyatakan bahwa proposal skripsi ini adalah pekerjaan peneliti
sendiri dan di dalamnya tidak terdapat karya yang pernah diajukan oleh peneliti
lain untuk memperoleh gelar kesarjanaan di suatu perguruan tinggi. Sepanjang
pengetahuan saya tidak terdapat karya atau pendapat yang pernah dituliskan atau
diterbitkan oleh orang lain kecuali yang secara tertulis diacu dalam naskah dan
disebutkan dalam daftar pustaka.

Bengkulu, Desember 2015

Peneliti

Marlia Novelia Safitri

NPM. H1A011041

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 DAFTAR ISI

HALAMAN JUDUL ................................................................................. i

HALAMAN PERSETUJUAN ................................................................. ii
HALAMAN PERNYATAAN ................................................................... iii
DAFTAR ISI............................................................................................... iv
DAFTAR GAMBAR ................................................................................. vii
DAFTAR TABEL ..................................................................................... viii
DAFTAR SINGKATAN ........................................................................... ix

BAB I PENDAHULUAN
A. Latar Belakang ..................................................................................... 1
B. Rumusan Masalah ................................................................................ 4
C. Tujuan Penelitian ................................................................................. 4
1. Tujuan Umum ............................................................................... 4
2. Tujuan Khusus .............................................................................. 4
D. Manfaat Penelitian ................................................................................ 4
1. Bagi Peneliti .................................................................................. 4
2. Bagi FKIK UNIB .......................................................................... 5
3. Bagi Instansi RSUD dr. M. Yunus................................................ 5

BAB II TINJAUAN PUSTAKA

A. Demam Berdarah Dengue .................................................................... 6
1. Epidemiologi ................................................................................. 6
2. Etiologi .......................................................................................... 7
3. Patogenesis .................................................................................... 8
4. Gejala Klinis ................................................................................. 10
5. Penularan dan Masa Inkubasi ....................................................... 12
6. Diagnosis....................................................................................... 13
7. Pemeriksaan Penunjang ................................................................ 15
8. Komplikasi .................................................................................... 17

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B. Sistem Imun ......................................................................................... 17
C. Petanda Enzim Hati.............................................................................. 21
D. Infeksi Virus Dengue pada Sel Hati ..................................................... 23
E. Kerangka Teori .................................................................................... 25
F. Kerangka Konsep ................................................................................. 26
G. Hipotesis .............................................................................................. 26

BAB III METODE PENELITIAN

A. Desain Penelitian ................................................................................... 27
B. Tempat dan Waktu Penelitian ............................................................... 27
C. Populasi Penelitian ................................................................................ 27
a. Populasi Target ............................................................................. 27
b. Populasi Terjangkau...................................................................... 27
c. Subjek Penelitian .......................................................................... 27
D. Kriteria Penelitian ................................................................................. 27
a. Kriteria Inklusi .............................................................................. 27
b. Kriteria Ekslusi ............................................................................. 28
E. Sampel Penelitian .................................................................................. 28
a. Estimasi Besar Sampel .................................................................. 28
b. Teknik Pengambilan Sampel ........................................................ 28
F. Variabel Penelitian ................................................................................ 28
a. Variabel Terikat ............................................................................ 28
b. Variabel Bebas .............................................................................. 28
G. Definisi Operasional.............................................................................. 29
H. Prosedur Penelitian................................................................................ 29
1. Jenis Data ....................................................................................... 29
2. Teknik Pengumpulan Data ............................................................. 29
3. Alat dan Bahan Penelitian .............................................................. 30
4. Pelaksanaan Penelitian ................................................................... 30

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I. Analisis dan Interpretasi Data ............................................................... 33
1. Analisis Univariat ......................................................................... 33
2. Analisis Bivariat............................................................................ 33
3. Penyajian Data .............................................................................. 33
J. Etika Penelitian ..................................................................................... 34
K. Jadwal Kegiatan Penelitian ................................................................... 34
L. Alur Penelitian ...................................................................................... 35

DAFTAR PUSTAKA
LAMPIRAN

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 DAFTAR GAMBAR

Gambar 2.1 Angka Kesakitan Demam Berdarah Dengue per 100.000

Penduduk Tahun 2008-2012.................................................... 7
Gambar 2.2 Perkembangan Penyakit DBD ................................................. 11
Gambar 2.3 Gambaran Umum Sistem Imun ............................................... 18
Gambar 2.4 Kerangka Teori ........................................................................ 25
Gambar 2.5 Kerangka Konsep .................................................................... 26
Gambar 3.1 Interpretasi Hasil Pembacaan Rapid Test Dengue .................. 32
Gambar 3.1 Alur Penelitian......................................................................... 35

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 DAFTAR TABEL

Tabel 2.1 Kelas dan Sifat Imunoglobulin ................................................... 21

Tabel 2.2 Interpretasi Hasil Pemeriksaan Aminotransferase ...................... 23
Tabel 3.1 Definisi Operasional ................................................................... 29
Tabel 3.2 Jadwal Penelitian ........................................................................ 34

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 DAFTAR SINGKATAN

DBD : Demam Berdarah Dengue

WHO : World Health Organization
IR : Incidence Rate
CFR : Case fatality Rate
HI : Hemagglutination Inhibition
ICT : Immuno-Chromatographic Test
IgG/IgM : Imunoglobulin G/ Imunoglobulin M
SGOT : Serum Glutamic-Oxaloacetic Transminase
AST : Aspartate Transminase
SGPT : Serum Gtutamic Pyruvic Transminase
ALT : Alanine Transminase
RSUD : Rumah Sakit Umum Daerah
FKIK : Fakultas Kedokteran dan Ilmu Kesehatan
IL : Interleukin
TNF-α : Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha
ADE : Antibody Dependent Enhancement
PCR : Polymerase Chain Reaction
DIC : Disseminated Intravaskular Coagulation
Th1 : T helper
Ts/Tr : T supresor/ T regulator
CTL : Cytotoxic T Lymphocyte
ADCC : Antibody Dependent Cell Cytotoxicty

CSS : Cairan Serebro Spinal

NAFLD : Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

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