Tugas
Tugas
UNIVERSITAS BRAWIJAYA
NOVEMBER 2009
RINGKASAN
Herbal medicinal industry and healthy food are developing fast in Indonesia
as well as in other country due to the global theme of back to nature. Empowering
medicinal crops as natural resource such as Curcuma xanthorriza and Curxuma
domestica are given most attention by government. In Indonesia the demand of both
crops are 3.000 ton per year for C.xanthoriza and 4.5 ton per year for C.domestica
(Bisnisfarmasi 2007).
The main active compund of both C.Xanthirriza and C.domestica is curcumin
which used to be a medicine for fever, diarhee, high blood presser, stomacace,
anticoagulan, lever, etc. (Rahardjo and Oth Rostiana, 2005). Eventhough the supply
of both material or extract of C.xanthorhiza and C.domestica still having constrain
due to the heterogenity of the plant material. Hence the quality of the medicine also
could not standardizised. The raw material for industry was came from different
farmers and different area in which having different curcumint content as well. On the
other hand the medicinal industries need a high quality and homogene raw material.
Therefore a research was conducted to collect clones from different local area
of C.xanthorhiza and C.domestica in order to obtain the best clone (accesion) that
having high curcumin content and high yield. Twenty accesions were collect from 20
local area in East java, Center Java and West Java.
From the first year research (2008) by using Thin Layer Chromatography was
obtained that accession from Sumenep was the best by means of having highest
curcumin content both for C.xanthorhiza (1,26%) and C.domestica (2,90%). It means
that environment influenced yield and curcumint content.
The second year research was to obtain genotypes having high curcumin
content. To solve that a research was conducted at Malang (East Java) by growing
those 20 accesions in polybags for 8 months. The result showed that by using Thin
Layer Chromatography the best accesion for temulawak (C.xanrhorhiza) was
Malang-Pujon ( 0,89%, while for kunyit (C.domestica) was obtained by Pasuruan-
Sukoreno (2,4%). From both research of first and second year was found that
environment of Sumenep was the best to induce curcumin synthesis while geneticaly
the best C.xanthorhiza was Malang- Pujon and the best C.domestica was Pasuruan-
Sukoreno. To study the genetic diversity of the accesions , an isozyme analysis was
conducted. From the result using peroxidise showed that C.xanthoriza accession
Malang-Pujon was in different group with Sumenep, but in C.domestica accesion
Pasuruan-Sukoreno was in one group with Sumenep.
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