KATA PENGANTAR

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Lhokseumawe,12 Juni 2017

Penyusun

Kelompok III

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 DAFTAR ISI

Kata Pengantar ............................................................................................... i

Daftar Isi......................................................................................................... ii
Lembar Pengesahan
Kartu kendali

PERCOBAAN I MEMBUAT LARUTAN STANDAR

BAB I PENDAHULUAN ............................................................................. 1
1.1 Judul Praktikum ....................................................................................... 1
1.2 Tanggal Praktikum ................................................................................... 1
1.3 Tujuan Praktikum ..................................................................................... 1
BAB II TINJAUAN PUSTAKA.................................................................. 2
2.1 Larutan Baku ......................................................................................... 2
2.2 Pembagian Larutan................................................................................ 3
2.3 Sifat Larutan .......................................................................................... 3
2.4 Perbandingan antara berbagai skala konsentrasi ................................... 3
2.5 Larutan Homogen.................................................................................. 4
2.6 Konsentrasi ............................................................................................ 4
BAB III METODOLOGI PRAKTIKUM .................................................. 6
3.1 Alat dan Bahan ...................................................................................... 6
3.1.1 Alat-Alat ................................................................................................ 6
3.1.2 Bahan-Bahan ......................................................................................... 6
3.2 Prosedur Kerja....................................................................................... 6
BAB IV HASIL DAN PEMBAHASAN ..................................................... 7
4.1 Hasil ...................................................................................................... 7
4.2 Pembahasan ........................................................................................... 7
BAB V KESIMPULAN DAN SARAN ....................................................... 9
5.2 Kesimpulan ........................................................................................... 9
5.3 Saran ...................................................................................................... 9
DAFTAR PUSTAKA

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LAMPIRAN A DATA PENGAMATAN ............................................... LA-1
LAMPIRAN B PERHITUNGAN ............................................................ LB-1
LAMPIRAN C TUGAS ........................................................................... LC-1
LAMPIRAN D GAMBAR ALAT .......................................................... LD-1

PERCOBAAN II PERUBAHAN FISIKA DAN PERUBAHAN KIMIA

BAB I PENDAHULUAN ........................................................................... 10
1.1 Judul Praktikum .................................................................................. 10
1.2 Tanggal Praktikum .............................................................................. 10
1.3 Tujuan Praktikum ................................................................................ 10
BAB II TINJAUAN PUSTAKA................................................................ 11
2.1 Perubahan Fisika Dan Kimia .............................................................. 11
2.2 Sifat Fisika dan sifat kimia ................................................................. 15
2.3 Efek Perubahan Fisika Dan Kimia Terhadap Manusia ....................... 15
2.4 Pengukuran ............................................................................................ 1
BAB III METODOLOGI PRAKTIKUM ................................................ 18
3.1 Alat dan Bahan .................................................................................... 18
3.1.1 Alat-Alat .............................................................................................. 18
3.1.2 Bahan-Bahan ....................................................................................... 18
3.2 Prosedur Kerja ..................................................................................... 18
3.2.1 Perubahan Fisika ................................................................................. 18
3.2.2 Perubahan Kimia ................................................................................. 18
3.2.3 Perubahan Fisika dan Perubahan Kimia ............................................. 19
BAB IV HASIL DAN PEMBAHASAN ................................................... 20
4.1 Hasil .................................................................................................... 20
4.2 Pembahasan .......................................................................................... 21
BAB V KESIMPULAN DAN SARAN ..................................................... 23
5.1 Kesimpulan .......................................................................................... 23
5.2 Saran ..................................................................................................... 23
DAFTAR PUSTAKA
LAMPIRAN A DATA PENGAMATAN ............................................... LA-1

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LAMPIRAN B TUGAS ........................................................................... LB-1
LAMPIRAN C GAMBAR ALAT ........................................................... LC-1

PERCOBAAN III MEMBEDAKAN CAMPURAN DAN SENYAWA

BAB I PENDAHULUAN ........................................................................... 24
1.1 Judul Praktikum ................................................................................... 24
1.2 Tanggal Praktikum ............................................................................... 24
1.3 Tujuan Praktikum ................................................................................. 24
BAB II TINJAUAN PUSTAKA................................................................ 25
2.1 Perbedaan Campuran Dan Senyawa ................................................... 25
2.2 Pengertian Senyawa ............................................................................ 25
2.3 Pengertian Campuran .......................................................................... 25
2.4 Pemisahan Campuran .......................................................................... 26
BAB III METODOLOGI PRAKTIKUM ................................................ 29
3.1 Alat dan Bahan .................................................................................... 29
3.1.1 Alat-Alat .............................................................................................. 29
3.1.2 Bahan-Bahan ....................................................................................... 29
3.2 Prosedur Kerja ..................................................................................... 29
BAB IV HASIL DAN PEMBAHASAN ................................................... 31
4.1 Hasil .................................................................................................... 31
4.2 Pembahasan ......................................................................................... 31
BAB V KESIMPULAN DAN SARAN ..................................................... 33
5.1 Kesimpulan ......................................................................................... 33
5.2 Saran .................................................................................................... 33
DAFTAR PUSTAKA
LAMPIRAN A DATA PENGAMATAN ............................................... LA-1
LAMPIRAN B TUGAS ........................................................................... LB-1
LAMPIRAN C GAMBAR ALAT ........................................................... LC-1

PERCOBAAN IV REAKSI-REAKSI KIMIA

BAB I PENDAHULUAN ........................................................................... 34

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1.1 Judul Praktikum .................................................................................. 34
1.2 Tanggal Praktikum .............................................................................. 34
1.3 Tujuan Praktikum ................................................................................ 34
BAB II TINJAUAN PUSTAKA................................................................ 35
2.1 Pengertian Reaksi Kimia ..................................................................... 35
2.2 Macam- Macam Reaksi Kimia............................................................ 35
2.3 Penyetaraan Persamaan Reaksi ........................................................... 36
2.4 Penyetaraan Reaksi Redoks ................................................................ 36
2.5 Eqivalen............................................................................................... 37
2.6 Penurunan Persamaan Reaksi ............................................................. 37
2.7 Reaksi Pembatas.................................................................................. 38
2.8 Penurunan Persamaan Reaksi ............................................................. 39
2.9 Reaksi Pembatas.................................................................................. 39
3.0 Persen Hasil ......................................................................................... 39
3.1 Laju Reaksi.......................................................................................... 39
BAB III METODOLOGI PRAKTIKUM ................................................ 41
3.1 Alat dan Bahan .................................................................................... 41
3.1.1 Alat-Alat .............................................................................................. 41
3.1.2 Bahan-Bahan ....................................................................................... 41
3.2 Prosedur Kerja ..................................................................................... 41
BAB IV HASIL DAN PEMBAHASAN ................................................... 43
4.1 Hasil ................................................................................................... 43
4.2 Pembahasan ........................................................................................ 44
BAB V KESIMPULAN DAN SARAN ..................................................... 45
5.1 Kesimpulan ........................................................................................ 45
5.2 Saran ................................................................................................... 45
DAFTAR PUSTAKA
LAMPIRAN A DATA PENGAMATAN ............................................... LA-1
LAMPIRAN B TUGAS ........................................................................... LB-1
LAMPIRAN C GAMBAR ALAT ........................................................... LC-1

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PERCOBAAN V HUKUM-HUKUM DASAR ILMU KIMIA
BAB I PENDAHULUAN ........................................................................... 46
1.1 Judul Praktikum .................................................................................. 46
1.2 Tanggal Praktikum .............................................................................. 46
1.3 Tujuan Praktikum ................................................................................ 46
BAB II TINJAUAN PUSTAKA................................................................ 47
2.1 Hukum-Hukum Dasar Ilmu Kimia...................................................... 47
2.2 Hukum Proust ..................................................................................... 48
2.3 Hukum Boyle ...................................................................................... 48
2.4 Hukum Perbandingan Lipat (ganda) ................................................... 48
2.5 Hukum Penyatuan Volume,Untuk Reaksi Gas ................................... 49
2.6 Hipotesis Avogadro............................................................................. 49
2.7 Konsep Mol ......................................................................................... 49
BAB III METODOLOGI PRAKTIKUM ................................................ 50
3.1 Alat dan Bahan .................................................................................... 50
3.1.1 Alat-Alat .............................................................................................. 50
3.1.2 Bahan-Bahan ....................................................................................... 50
3.2 Prosedur Kerja ..................................................................................... 50
BAB IV HASIL DAN PEMBAHASAN ................................................... 52
4.1 Hasil .................................................................................................... 52
4.2 Pembahasan ......................................................................................... 52
BAB V KESIMPULAN DAN SARAN ..................................................... 54
5.1 Kesimpulan ......................................................................................... 54
5.2 Saran ..................................................................................................... 54
DAFTAR PUSTAKA
LAMPIRAN A DATA PENGAMATAN ............................................... LA-1
LAMPIRAN B TUGAS ........................................................................... LB-1
LAMPIRAN C GAMBAR ALAT ........................................................... LC-1

PERCOBAAN VI PENENTUAN PERBANDINGAN JUMLAH MOL

PEREAKSI

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BAB I PENDAHULUAN ........................................................................... 55
1.1. Judul Praktikum .................................................................................. 55
1.2 Tanggal Praktikum .............................................................................. 55
1.3 Tujuan Praktikum ................................................................................ 55
BAB II TINJAUAN PUSTAKA................................................................ 56
2.1 Konsep Mol ......................................................................................... 56
2.2 Rumus Senyawa .................................................................................. 58
2.3 Reaksi Kimia ....................................................................................... 60
2.4 Pereaksi Pembatas ............................................................................... 63
BAB III METODOLOGI PRAKTIKUM ................................................ 65
3.1 Alat dan Bahan .................................................................................... 65
3.1.1 Alat-Alat .............................................................................................. 65
3.1.2 Bahan-Bahan ....................................................................................... 65
3.2 Prosedur Kerja ..................................................................................... 65
BAB IV HASIL DAN PEMBAHASAN ................................................... 66
4.1 Hasil .................................................................................................... 66
4.2 Pembahasan ......................................................................................... 66
BAB V KESIMPULAN DAN SARAN ..................................................... 68
5.1 Kesimpulan ......................................................................................... 68
5.2 Saran ..................................................................................................... 68
DAFTAR PUSTAKA
LAMPIRAN A DATA PENGAMATAN ............................................... LA-1
LAMPIRAN B TUGAS ........................................................................... LB-1
LAMPIRAN C GAMBAR ALAT ........................................................... LC-1

PERCOBAAN VII INDIKATOR ASAM BASA

BAB I PENDAHULUAN ........................................................................... 69
1.1 Judul Praktikum .................................................................................. 69
1.2 Tanggal Praktikum .............................................................................. 69
1.3 Tujuan Praktiku ................................................................................... 69
BAB II TINJAUAN PUSTAKA................................................................ 70

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2.1 Pengertian ............................................................................................ 70
2.2 Teori Asam Basa Arhenius ................................................................. 70
2.3 Teori Asam Basa Bronste.................................................................... 71
2.4 Indikator Asam-Basa........................................................................... 72
2.5 Penggunaan Indikator Asam-Basa ...................................................... 72
2.6 Pembagian Indikator Asam-Basa ........................................................ 72
BAB III METODOLOGI PRAKTIKUM ................................................ 75
3.1 Alat dan Bahan .................................................................................... 75
3.1.1 Alat-Alat .............................................................................................. 75
3.1.2 Bahan-Bahan ....................................................................................... 75
3.2 Prosedur Kerja ..................................................................................... 75
BAB IV HASIL DAN PEMBAHASAN ................................................... 76
4.1 Hasil .................................................................................................... 76
4.2 Pembahasan ......................................................................................... 77
BAB V KESIMPULAN DAN SARAN ..................................................... 78
5.1 Kesimpulan ......................................................................................... 78
5.2 Saran .................................................................................................... 78
DAFTAR PUSTAKA
LAMPIRAN A DATA PENGAMATAN ............................................... LA-1
LAMPIRAN B TUGAS ........................................................................... LB-1
LAMPIRAN C GAMBAR ALAT ........................................................... LC-1

PERCOBAAN VIII KECEPATAN REAKSI

BAB I PENDAHULUAN ........................................................................... 79
1.1. Judul Praktikum .................................................................................. 79
1.2 Tanggal Praktikum .............................................................................. 79
1.3 Tujuan Praktikum ................................................................................ 79
Bab Ii Tinjauan Pustaka............................................................................ 80
2.1 Pengertian ............................................................................................ 80
2.2 Faktor-Faktor Yang Mempengaruhi Kecepatan Reaksi ...................... 80
2.3 Pembentukan Senyawa Antara ............................................................ 83

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2.4 Jenis Perubahan Konsentrasi Reaksi Persatuan Waktu ...................... 83
2.5 Laju Reaksi.......................................................................................... 83
2.6 Kecepatan Reaksi ................................................................................ 84
2.7 Variabel-Variabel Kecepatan Reaksi ................................................... 84
BAB III METODOLOGI PRAKTIKUM ................................................ 85
3.1 Alat dan Bahan .................................................................................... 85
3.1.1 Alat-Alat .............................................................................................. 85
3.1.2 Bahan-Bahan ....................................................................................... 85
3.2 Prosedur Kerja ..................................................................................... 85
BAB IV HASIL DAN PEMBAHASAN ................................................... 86
4.1 Hasil .................................................................................................... 86
4.2 Pembahasan ......................................................................................... 86
BAB V KESIMPULAN DAN SARAN ..................................................... 88
5.1 Kesimpulan .......................................................................................... 88
5.2 Saran ..................................................................................................... 88
DAFTAR PUSTAKA
LAMPIRAN A DATA PENGAMATAN ............................................... LA-1
LAMPIRAN B TUGAS ........................................................................... LB-1
LAMPIRAN C GAMBAR ALAT ........................................................... LC-1

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