BAB 4

PEMBAHASAN

4.1 Hasil Pengamatan

Tabel 4.1 Hasil Pengamatan Sedimentasi II

Pengambilan Sampel Kekeruhan Temperatur Kecepatan
0 Fraksi
Menit Kran (NTU) C (m/s)
1 49,2 30
2 54,1 30
Menit 0 3 47,45 30
4 42,75 30
5 52,1 30
1 38 30 1 × 10-3 0,77
2 46,05 30 2 × 10-3 0,93
Menit 10 3 44.5 30 3 × 10-3 0,90
4 60,9 30 4 × 10-3 0,23
5 69,5 30 5 × 10-3 1,41
1 22,9 30 5 × 10-3 0,46
2 29,05 30 1 × 10-3 0,59
Menit 20 3 27,95 30 1,5 × 10-3 0,56
4 36,1 30 2 × 10-3 0,73
5 69,55 30 2,5 × 10-3 1,41
1 19,8 30 3,3 × 10-3 0,40
2 22,05 30 6,6 × 10-3 0,44
Menit 30 3 21,25 30 1 × 10-3 0,43
4 21,9 30 1,3 × 10-3 0,44
5 50,1 30 1,6 × 10-3 1,01
1 17,82 30 2,5 × 10-3 0,36
2 18,78 30 0,5 × 10-3 0,38
Menit 40 3 19,48 30 0,75 × 10-3 0,4
4 18,65 30 1 × 10-3 0,37
5 22,1 30 1,25 × 10-3 0,44
1 15,42 30 0,2 × 10-3 0,31
2 16,16 30 0,4 × 10-3 0,32
Menit 50 3 19,38 30 0,6 × 10-3 0,39
4 22,25 30 0,8 × 10-3 0,45
5 23,05 30 1 × 10-3 0,46
1 14,93 30 0,16 × 10-3 0,3
2 15,05 30 0,33 × 10-3 0,3
Menit 60 3 17.53 30 0,83 × 10-3 0,35
4 17,47 30 0,66 × 10-3 0,35
5 20,67 30 0,83 × 10-3 0,42
1 11,22 30 0,13 × 10-3 0,22
2 14,62 30 0,26 × 10-3 0,29
Menit 75 3 15,7 30 0,4 × 10-3 0,31
4 20,9 30 0,53 × 10-3 0,42
5 20,12 30 0,66 × 10-3 0,24
 Tabel 4.1 Hasil Pengamatan Sedimentasi II (Lanjutan)
1 11,46 30 0,11 × 10-3 0,23
2 12,98 30 0,22 × 10-3 0,26
Menit 90 3 13,99 29 0,33 × 10-3 0,28
4 13,91 30 0,44 × 10-3 0,28
5 14,54 31 0,55 × 10-3 0,29

Tabel 4.2 Hasil Perhitungan Persen Removal

Tinggi Kran Menit ke
(m) 10 20 30 40 50 60 75 90
1 23% 54% 60% 64% 69% 70% 78% 77%
2 7% 41% 56% 62% 68% 70% 71% 74%
3 10% 44% 57% 60% 61% 65% 69% 72%
4 23% 27% 56% 63% 55% 65% 58% 72%
5 41% 41% 0% 56% 54% 58% 60% 71%

4.2 Perhitungan

4.2.1 Volume Settling Column Type II

Diameter pipa = 22 cm = 0,2 m

r = 0,1 m
tinggi pipa = 313 cm = 3,13 m
V = π.r2.t
= 3,14 x (0,1)2 x 3,13
= 0,098 m3 = 98 L

4.2.2 Kecepatan Aliran

4.2.2.1 Menit ke - 0
Diketahui : Tinggi settling coloumn = 313 cm = 3,13 m
Tinggi Kran = 50 cm
Ditanya : Kecepatan Aliran
Dijawab :
h = Tinggi settling coloumn – tinggi kran
= 313 cm – 50 cm
= 263 cm
 = 2,63 m
h
V0 =
t
2,63 m
=
0s
=0s

4.2.2.2 Menit ke - 10
a. Kran 5
h (3,13- 0,13) m
V= t = 600 s
= 5×10-3 m/s
b. Kran 4
h (3,13 - 0,73) m
V=
t
= 600 s
= 4×10-3 m/s

c. Kran 3
h (3,13 - 1,33) m
V= t = 600 s
= 3×10-3 m/s

d. Kran 2
h (3,13- 1,93) m
V=
t
= 600 s
= 2×10-3 m/s
e. Kran 1
h (3,13- 2,53) m
V=
t
= 600 s
= 1×10-3 m/s

4.2.2.3 Menit ke - 20
a. Kran 5
h (3,13 - 0,13) m
V= = = 2,5×10-3 m/s
t 1200 s
b. Kran 4
h (3,13 - 0,73) m
V= t = 1200 s
= 2×10-3 m/s

c. Kran 3
h (3,13 - 1,33) m
V= t = 1200 s
= 1,5×10-3 m/s

d. Kran 2
 h (3,13 - 1,93) m
V= t = 1200 s
= 1×10-3 m/s

e. Kran 1
h (3,13 - 2,53) m
V=
t
= 1200 s
= 5×10-4 m/s

4.2.2.4 Menit ke - 30
a. Kran 5
h (3,13 - 0,13) m
V= = = 1,6×10-3 m/s
t 1800 s
b. Kran 4
h (3,13 - 0,73) m
V= t = 1800 s
= 1,3×10-3 m/s

c. Kran 3
h (3,13 - 1,33) m
V= t = 1800 s
= 1×10-3 m/s

d. Kran 2
h (3,13 - 1,93) m
V= t = 1800 s
= 6,6×10-4 m/s

e. Kran 1
h (3,13 - 2,53) m
V= t = 1800 s
= 3,3×10-4 m/s

4.2.2.5 Menit ke - 40
a. Kran 5
h (3,13 - 0,13) m
V= = = 1,25×10-3 m/s
t 2400 s
b. Kran 4
h (3,13 - 0,73) m
V= t = = 1×10-3 m/s
2400 s
c. Kran 3
h (3,13 - 1,33) m
V= t = = 7,5×10-4 m/s
2400 s
d. Kran 2
h (3,13 - 1,93) m
V = t
= 2400 s
= 5×10-4 m/s

e. Kran 1
 h (3,13 - 2,53) m
V = t
= 2400 s
= 2,5×10-4 m/s

4.2.2.6 Menit ke - 50
a. Kran 5
h (3,13 - 0,13) m
V= t = 3000 s
= 1×10-3 m/s

b. Kran 4
h (3,13 - 0,73) m
V=
t
= 3000 s
= 8×10-4 m/s

c. Kran 3
h (3,13 - 1,33) m
V=
t
= 3000 s
= 6×10-4 m/s

d. Kran 2
h (3,13 - 1,93) m
V= t = 3000 s
= 4×10-4 m/s

e. Kran 1
h (3,13 - 2,53) m
V= t = 3000 s
= 2×10-5 m/s

4.2.2.7 Menit ke - 60
a. Kran 5
h (3,13 - 0,13) m
V= = = 8,3×10-4 m/s
t 3600 s
b. Kran 4
h (3,13 - 0,73) m
V= t = 3600 s
= 6,6×10-4 m/s

c. Kran 3
h (3,13 - 1,33) m
V= = = 5×10-4 m/s
t 3600 s
d. Kran 2
h (3,13 - 1,93) m
V= t = 3600 s
= 3,3×10-4 m/s

e. Kran 1
h (3,13 - 2,53) m
V= t = 3600 s
= 1,6×10-4m/s
4.2.2.8 Menit ke - 75
a. Kran 5
h (3,13 - 0,13) m
V= = = 6,6×10-4 m/s
t 4500 s
b. Kran 4
h (2,77 5- 0,73) m
V= t = 4500 s
= 5,3×10-4 m/s

c. Kran 3
h (3,13 - 1,33) m
V= t = 4500 s
= 4×10-4 m/s

d. Kran 2
h (3,13 - 1,93) m
V= t = 4500 s
= 2,6×10-4 m/s

e. Kran 1
h (3,13 - 2,53) m
V= t = 4500 s
= 1,3×10-4 m/s

4.2.2.9 Menit ke - 90
a. Kran 5
h (3,13 - 0,13) m
V= = = 5,5×10-4 m/s
t 5400 s
b. Kran 4
h (3,13 - 0,73) m
V= t = 5400 s
= 4,4×10-4 m/s

c. Kran 3
h (3,13 - 1,33) m
V= = = 3,3×10-4 m/s
t 5400 s
d. Kran 2
h (3,13 - 1,93) m
V= = = 2,2×10-4 m/s
t 5400 s
e. Kran 1
h (3,13 - 2,53) m
V= t = 5400 s
= 1,1×10-4 m/s
4.2.3 Fraksi

4.2.3.1 Menit ke - 10
a. Kran 1
kekeruhan t10 38 NTU
Fraksi = kekeruhan sampel = 49,2 NTU = 0,77

b. Kran 2
kekeruhan t10 46,05 NTU
Fraksi = kekeruhan sampel = 49,2 NTU = 0,93

c. Kran 3
kekeruhan t10 44,5 NTU
Fraksi = kekeruhan sampel = 49,2 NTU = 0,90

d. Kran 4
kekeruhan t10 60,9 NTU
Fraksi = kekeruhan sampel = 49,2 NTU = 1,23

e. Kran 5
kekeruhan t10 69,55 NTU
Fraksi = kekeruhan sampel = 49,2 NTU = 1,41

4.2.3.2 Menit ke - 20
a. Kran 1
kekeruhan t20 22,9 NTU
Fraksi = kekeruhan sampel = 49,2 NTU = 0,46

b. Kran 2
kekeruhan t20 29,05 NTU
Fraksi = = = 0,59
kekeruhan sampel 49,2 NTU
c. Kran 3
kekeruhan t20 27,95 NTU
Fraksi = = = 0,56
kekeruhan sampel 49,2 NTU
d. Kran 4
kekeruhan t20 36,1 NTU
Fraksi = kekeruhan sampel = 49,2 NTU = 0,73

e. Kran 5
 kekeruhan t20 69,55 NTU
Fraksi = = = 1,41
kekeruhan sampel 49,2 NTU

4.2.3.3 Menit ke - 30
a. Kran 1
kekeruhan t30 19,8 NTU
Fraksi = kekeruhan sampel = 49,2 NTU = 0,40

b. Kran 2
kekeruhan t30 21,25 NTU
Fraksi = kekeruhan sampel = 49,2 NTU = 0,43

c. Kran 3
kekeruhan t30 21,25 NTU
Fraksi = kekeruhan sampel = 49,2 NTU = 0,43

d. Kran 4
kekeruhan t30 21,9 NTU
Fraksi = kekeruhan sampel = 49,2 NTU = 0,44

e. Kran 5
kekeruhan t30 50,1 NTU
Fraksi = kekeruhan sampel = 49,2 NTU = 1,01

4.2.3.4 Menit ke - 40
a. Kran 1
kekeruhan t40 17,28 NTU
Fraksi = kekeruhan sampel = 49,2 NTU = 0,36

b. Kran 2
kekeruhan t40 18,78 NTU
Fraksi = kekeruhan sampel = 49,2 NTU = 0,38

c. Kran 3
kekeruhan t40 19,48 NTU
Fraksi = kekeruhan sampel = 49,2 NTU = 0,40

d. Kran 4
kekeruhan t40 18,615 NTU
Fraksi = kekeruhan sampel = 49,2 NTU = 0,378

e. Kran 5
kekeruhan t40 22,1 NTU
Fraksi = kekeruhan sampel = 49,2 NTU = 0,44
4.2.3.5 Menit ke - 50
a. Kran 1
kekeruhan t50 15,42 NTU
Fraksi = kekeruhan sampel = 49,2 NTU = 0,31

b. Kran 2
kekeruhan t50 16,16 NTU
Fraksi = kekeruhan sampel = 49,2 NTU = 0,32

c. Kran 3
kekeruhan t50 19,38 NTU
Fraksi = kekeruhan sampel = 49,2 NTU = 0,39

d. Kran 4
kekeruhan t50 22,25 NTU
Fraksi = kekeruhan sampel = 49,2 NTU = 0,45

e. Kran 5
kekeruhan t50 23,05 NTU
Fraksi = kekeruhan sampel = 49,2 NTU = 0,46

4.2.3.6 Menit ke - 60
a. Kran 1
kekeruhan t60 14,93 NTU
Fraksi = = = 0,30
kekeruhan sampel 49,2 NTU
b. Kran 2
kekeruhan t60 15,05 NTU
Fraksi = kekeruhan sampel = 49,2 NTU = 0,30

c. Kran 3
kekeruhan t60 17,53 NTU
Fraksi = kekeruhan sampel = 49,2 NTU = 0,35

d. Kran 4
kekeruhan t60 17,47 NTU
Fraksi = kekeruhan sampel = 49,2 NTU = 0,35

e. Kran 5
kekeruhan t60 20,67 NTU
Fraksi = kekeruhan sampel = 49,2 NTU = 0,42

4.2.3.7 Menit ke - 75
a. Kran 1
 kekeruhan t75 11,22 NTU
Fraksi = kekeruhan sampel = 49,2 NTU = 0,22

b. Kran 2
kekeruhan t75 14,62 NTU
Fraksi = kekeruhan sampel = 49,2 NTU = 0,29

c. Kran 3
kekeruhan t75 15,7 NTU
Fraksi = kekeruhan sampel = 49,2 NTU = 0,31

d. Kran 4
kekeruhan t75 20,9 NTU
Fraksi = kekeruhan sampel = 49,2 NTU = 0,42

e. Kran 5
kekeruhan t75 20,12 NTU
Fraksi = = = 0,40
kekeruhan sampel 49,2 NTU

4.2.3.8 Menit ke - 90
a. Kran 1
kekeruhan t90 11,46 NTU
Fraksi = kekeruhan sampel = 49,2 NTU = 0,23

b. Kran 2
kekeruhan t90 12,98 NTU
Fraksi = kekeruhan sampel = 49,2 NTU = 0,26

c. Kran 3
kekeruhan t90 13,95 NTU
Fraksi = kekeruhan sampel = 49,2 NTU = 0,28

d. Kran 4
kekeruhan t90 13,95 NTU
Fraksi = = 49,2 NTU = 0,28
kekeruhan sampel
e. Kran 5
kekeruhan t90 14,54 NTU
Fraksi = kekeruhan sampel = 49,2 NTU = 0,29

4.2.4 Persen Removal

4.2.4.1 Menit ke - 10
a. Kran 1
%Removal = 100% - (fraksi × 100%)
 = 100% - (0,77 × 100%)
= 23%
b. Kran 2
%Removal = 100% - (fraksi × 100%)
= 100% - (0,93 × 100%)
= 7%
c. Kran 3
%Removal = 100% - (fraksi × 100%)
= 100% - (0,90 × 100%)
= 10%
d. Kran 4
%Removal = 100% - (fraksi × 100%)
= 100% - (1,23 × 100%)
= 23%
e. Kran 5
%Removal = 100% - (fraksi × 100%)
= 100% - (1,41 × 100%)
= 41%

4.2.4.2 Menit ke - 20
a. Kran 1
%Removal = 100% - (fraksi × 100%)
= 100% - (0,46 × 100%)
= 54%
b. Kran 2
%Removal = 100% - (fraksi × 100%)
= 100% - (0,59 × 100%)
= 41%
c. Kran 3
%Removal = 100% - (fraksi × 100%)
= 100% - (0,56 × 100%)
= 44%
d. Kran 4
%Removal = 100% - (fraksi × 100%)
= 100% - (0,73 × 100%)
= 27%
e. Kran 5
%Removal = 100% - (fraksi × 100%)
= 100% - (1,41 × 100%)
= 41%

4.2.4.3 Menit ke - 30
a. Kran 1
%Removal = 100% - (fraksi × 100%)
= 100% - (0,40 × 100%)
= 60%
b. Kran 2
%Removal = 100% - (fraksi × 100%)
= 100% - (0,44 × 100%)
= 50%
c. Kran 3
%Removal = 100% - (fraksi × 100%)
= 100% - (0,43 × 100%)
= 57%
d. Kran 4
%Removal = 100% - (fraksi × 100%)
= 100% - (0,44 × 100%)
= 56%
e. Kran 5
%Removal = 100% - (fraksi × 100%)
= 100% - (1,01 × 100%)
= 0%

4.2.4.4 Menit ke - 40
a. Kran 1
%Removal = 100% - (fraksi × 100%)
= 100% - (0,36 × 100%)
= 64%
b. Kran 2
%Removal = 100% - (fraksi × 100%)
= 100% - (0,38 × 100%)
= 62%
c. Kran 3
%Removal = 100% - (fraksi × 100%)
= 100% - (0,40 × 100%)
= 60%
d. Kran 4
%Removal = 100% - (fraksi × 100%)
= 100% - (0,378 × 100%)
= 63%
e. Kran 5
%Removal = 100% - (fraksi × 100%)
= 100% - (0,44 × 100%)
= 50%

4.2.4.5 Menit ke - 50
a. Kran 1
%Removal = 100% - (fraksi × 100%)
= 100% - (0,31 × 100%)
= 69%

b. Kran 2
%Removal = 100% - (fraksi × 100%)
= 100% - (0,32 × 100%)
= 68%
c. Kran 3
%Removal = 100% - (fraksi × 100%)
= 100% - (0,39 × 100%)
= 61%

d. Kran 4
%Removal = 100% - (fraksi × 100%)
= 100% - (0,45 × 100%)
= 55%
e. Kran 5
%Removal = 100% - (fraksi × 100%)
= 100% - (0,46 × 100%)
= 54%

4.2.4.6 Menit ke - 60
a. Kran 1
%Removal = 100% - (fraksi × 100%)
= 100% - (0,3 × 100%)
=70%
b. Kran 2
%Removal = 100% - (fraksi × 100%)
= 100% - (0,3 × 100%)
= 70%
c. Kran 3
%Removal = 100% - (fraksi × 100%)
= 100% - (0,35 × 100%)
= 65%
d. Kran 4
%Removal = 100% - (fraksi × 100%)
= 100% - (0,35 × 100%)
= 65%
e. Kran 5
%Removal = 100% - (fraksi × 100%)
 = 100% - (0,42 × 100%)
= 58%

4.2.4.7 Menit ke - 75
a. Kran 1
%Removal = 100% - (fraksi × 100%)
= 100% - (0,22 × 100%)
= 78%
b. Kran 2
%Removal = 100% - (fraksi × 100%)
= 100% - (0,29 × 100%)
= 71%
c. Kran 3
%Removal = 100% - (fraksi × 100%)
= 100% - (0,31× 100%)
= 69%
d. Kran 4
%Removal = 100% - (fraksi × 100%)
= 100% - (0,42 × 100%)
= 58%
e. Kran 5
%Removal = 100% - (fraksi × 100%)
= 100% - (0,4 × 100%)
= 60%

4.2.4.8 Menit ke - 90
a. Kran 1
%Removal = 100% - (fraksi × 100%)
= 100% - (0,23 × 100%)
= 77%
b. Kran 2
 %Removal = 100% - (fraksi × 100%)
= 100% - (0,26 × 100%)
= 74%

c. Kran 3
%Removal = 100% - (fraksi × 100%)
= 100% - (0,28 × 100%)
= 72%
d. Kran 4
%Removal = 100% - (fraksi × 100%)
= 100% - (0,28 × 100%)
= 72%
e. Kran 5
%Removal = 100% - (fraksi × 100%)
= 100% - (0,29 × 100%)
= 71%

4.2.5 Waktu Detensi (td)

4.2.5.1 Menit ke - 10
a. Kran 1
h 3,13-0,13 m
td = = = 600 s
V0 5 ×10-3 m/s
b. Kran 2
h 3,13-0,73 m
td = = = 600 s
V0 4 ×10-3 m/s
c. Kran 3
h 3,13-1,33 m
td = = = 600 s
V0 3 ×10-3 m/s
d. Kran 4
h 3,13-1,93 m
td = = = 600 s
V0 2 ×10-3 m/s
e. Kran 5
 h 3,13-2,53 m
td = = = 600 s
V0 1 ×10-3 m/s

4.2.5.2 Menit ke - 20
a. Kran 1
h 3,13-0,13 m
td = = = 1200 s
V0 2,5 ×10-3 m/s
b. Kran 2
h 3,13-0,73 m
td = = = 1200 s
V0 2 ×10-3 m/s
c. Kran 3
h 3,13-1,33 m
td = = = 1200 s
V0 1,5 ×10-3 m/s
d. Kran 4
h 3,13-1,93 m
td = = = 1200 s
V0 1 ×10-4 m/s
e. Kran 5
h 3,13-2,53 m
td = = = 1200 s
V0 5 ×10-4 m/s

4.2.5.3 Menit ke - 30
a. Kran 1
h 3,13-0,525 m
td = = = 1800 s
V0 1,6 ×10-3 m/s
b. Kran 2
h 3,13-0,73 m
td = = = 1800 s
V0 1,3 ×10-4 m/s
c. Kran 3
h 3,13-1,33 m
td = = = 1800 s
V0 1 ×10-4 m/s
d. Kran 4
h 3,13-1,93 m
td = = = 1800 s
V0 6,6 ×10-4 m/s
e. Kran 5
h 3,13-2,53 m
td = = = 1800 s
V0 3,3 ×10-4 m/s

4.2.5.4 Menit ke - 40
a. Kran 1
h 3,13-0,525 m
td = = = 2400 s
V0 1,25 ×10-3 m/s
b. Kran 2
h 3,13-0,73 m
td = = = 2400 s
V0 1 ×10-3 m/s
c. Kran 3
h 3,13-1,33 m
td = = = 2400 s
V0 7,5 ×10-4 m/s
d. Kran 4
h 3,13-1,93 m
td = = = 2400 s
V0 5 ×10-4 m/s
e. Kran 5
h 3,13-2,53 m
td = = = 2400 s
V0 2,5 ×10-4 m/s

4.2.5.5 Menit ke - 50
a. Kran 1
h 3,13-0,525 m
td = = = 3000 s
V0 1 ×10-4 m/s
b. Kran 2
h 3,13-0,73 m
td = = = 3000 s
V0 8 × 10-4 m/s
c. Kran 3
h 3,13-1,33 m
td = = = 3000 s
V0 6 × 10-4 m/s
d. Kran 4
h 3,13-1,93 m
td = = = 3000 s
V0 4 ×10-4 m/s
e. Kran 5
h 3,13-2,53 m
td = = = 3000 s
V0 2 ×10-4 m/s

4.2.5.6 Menit ke - 60
a. Kran 1
h 3,13-0,525 m
td = = = 3600 s
V0 8,3 ×10-4 m/s
b. Kran 2
h 3,13-0,73 m
td = = = 3600 s
V0 6,6 ×10-4 m/s
c. Kran 3
h 3,13-1,33 m
td = = = 3600 s
V0 5 ×10-4 m/s
d. Kran 4
h 3,13-1,93 m
td = = = 3600 s
V0 3,3 ×10-4 m/s
e. Kran 5
h 3,13-2,53 m
td = = = 3600 s
V0 1,6 ×10-4 m/s

4.2.5.7 Menit ke - 75
a. Kran 1
h 3,13-0,525 m
td = = = 4500 s
V0 6,6 ×10-4 m/s
b. Kran 2
h 3,13-0,73 m
td = = = 4500 s
V0 5,3 ×10-4 m/s
c. Kran 3
h 3,13-1,33 m
td = = = 4500 s
V0 4 ×10-4 m/s
d. Kran 4
h 3,13-1,93 m
td = = = 4500 s
V0 2,6 ×10-4 m/s
e. Kran 5
h 3,13-2,53 m
td = = = 4500 s
V0 1,3 ×10-4 m/s

4.2.5.8 Menit ke - 90
a. Kran 1
h 3,13-0,525 m
td = = = 5400 s
V0 5,5 ×10-4 m/s
b. Kran 2
h 3,13-0,73 m
td = = = 5400 s
V0 4,4 ×10-4 m/s
c. Kran 3
h 3,13-1,33 m
td = = = 5400 s
V0 3,3 ×10-4 m/s
d. Kran 4
h 3,13-2,025 m
td = = = 5400 s
V0 2,2 × 10-4 m/s
e. Kran 5
h 3,13-2,53 m
td = = = 5400 s
V0 1,1 ×10-5 m/s

4.2.6 Total Removal

H1
Total Removal = Rc + × (Rd-Rc)
H

1,20
= 80% + × (80% - 70%)
3,13
= 0,84 x 100
= 84%
4.3 Grafik

2.53 1.93 1.33 0.73 0.13

10 20 30 40 50 60 75 90
0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

80%

90%

100%

Grafik 4.3 Data Sedimentasi