©) PROCEEDING 24 INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON SOCIAL AND POLITICAL SCIENCES THEME Empowering Indigenous Knowledge for Accelerating the Welfare State, Faculty of Social and Political Sciences, Sebelas Maret University, Wednesday, May 15, 2013 Keynote Speakers: 4. Dr Nis Wagenknecht (Lecturer in international Program, Faculty of Law. Gadjah Mads Univeaty, an Adviser of DAAD on Studying in Germary) 2. Prot. Oe. Ame Marzali (University of Malaya. Malaysia) 3, Mathiue Mergans, M.MAECO.. (Universite dela Rochelle, France) 44. Naomi Kawasoki, 5A, Mum, (Japan) 5. Prot. Drs. Rusch Muchiar, MA, (Lt, Jakarta, Indonesia) 6. Prot Or. Andrik Purwasita, DEA. Sebeias Maret Unversity, Surakarta indonesia) ‘Sudarmo, MA. PhO. (Sebeins Maret Univerty, Surskarta, Indonesia) 2 (e,Aret Marzat Kawasaki BA, MHum. astiaro.S Sos. Pr.0. Dictk G Suharto, MSI ‘Wahyun! Erin MulyadiS Sos, MPA. af 22 1 2 3 a 5 é KEYNOTE SPEAKERS:‘of Political Communication in Cirebon and Indramayu ‘Mainstreaming Socialization for Society Welfare (Study Region/DIY Province) /Machya Astuti Dewi. ‘Keowledge of Rural Community to Increase Family Welfare: a jaf Sanggang Village SESSION 2 1H Diplomacy on Managing Conflict in the South China Sea: an e : Satyaan e ‘Capital and Local Wisdom in Social Group as a Means of Bring the Be Pes fr Ss People of Seen Vilage, Slo Scr, ‘Contribution OF Local Autonomy Policy In Encouraging The ‘And Oneness Of NKRI (Republic Of Indonesia) PARALLEL SESSION 3 ‘Explementation of The Local Code No2 Year 2008 in Creating Of Disabled Equality (Study on the Responsiveness of the City of Surakarta in Fulfilling ‘Se Right of Occupation for Disabled Women) Sofiah, Ismi Dwi Astuti Nurhaeni, dan Rina Herlina Haryanti Kethoprak as a Forgotten Entertainment Medium, Sri Hilmi Pufihartati oon Nationality and Identity of The Nation of Indonesia: A Sociological Perspective Of Law RB. Soemanto een se The Role of The Traditional Media in Educating the Indonesian Nation SutopoInlemlena Conference On Socal Ana Pott Sconces, May 18, 2019 IMPLEMENTATION OF THE LOCAL CODE NO.2 YEAR 2008 IN CREATING OF DISABLED EQUALITY {Study on the Responsiveness ofthe City of Surakarta in Futiling the Right of ‘Occupation for Disabled Women) Sofiah (avy Social and Polite Sciences, Sebelas Maret University, Surakat), st Dw ‘Aa Nurhacn (Faull of Socal and Polical Sciences, Sebclas Maret University, ‘soakars), and Rina Herlina Haryant (Focal of Social end Political Sciences, Sebelas * ‘Maret University, Surakart) Abstract In general, this sty has the objective to analyze the responsiveness ofthe City of + Suiatares in filing the Sights of disabled women, especially regarding the fufitiment of {he ighs of sabied women to obtain occupation in the city of Surakats "The enpécted benefits ofthis research are: Firs, the theortcl researchers hope 1 tan pnt of lessons fo the waderstanding of gender sensitivity and the Bandiapped in Seti Folty, Hopefully can be used as 8 consideration for furher stulies. Second, pevtclly hopefully tis tesearch borame the basis fr: Formulting a policy of disabled Pralty ae ged, measurable, comprchensive and sustainable, until disabled equality, Saery in the Geld of occupation ean be realized. Second, Formulate the Kinds of work Tare niet for disabled. people in government cavionment and other institutions in ovordanee wih the type disabilities skills and education levels ‘Research cared out by wing a quaiative approach with case study method, using an intersge tectanje, observation and documentation as. 2 means of collecting data get an explanation from informants “The repeach results showed thatthe seasivity degree of disabled gender in City of Sucalanta can be concladed is relatively sil very low. This, can be seen from the lower ‘eantns ofthe City of Suakarta othe problems of disbled women equality i the field of Tonuton. The indieatons ae: (1) The Goverment has beca unable to idenily the moods Sr dkabled women required, spocally regarding with oesupation. The City of, Surakarta Rave'at sufficient capacity to collet basic data about disabled issues in Surkarta. The aaverment jst ois on other agencies to identify the needs of disabled. (2) In Fact. that ae ety of Sorakaria have'nt implement the local cade no2 year 2008 I's just the concept “The lower response of the City of Surakarta to the problems of disabled women is due to tha Sbsueles met by the Cty, ether internally or exteally, such as: (thee bas not 137Internation! Cantrene On Soil And Poa! Sloe May 18, 2013 been a mayor regulation that coud used as technical guide for ‘code, (b) low understanding ofthe apparatus on the right of occupation limitation of the budget, (6) sectoral ep, (¢) influnces from envitonmeat ‘ofthe parents ofthe dfabled, and (g) silent culture. Key Word: Disabled Women Responsiveness, The right of occupation Introduction In this country, the disabled people is still become & microcosm i ‘evelopment. Asa resul, te Basie ight of disabled people as human beings citizens have been castrated, neglected, restricted, aratted or even ‘ros atte, cynical, stereotyping, prejudice and apology, disabled people ae ‘unfairly and discriminative in various ways, inluding inthe fed of for those who ar classified as disabled women » The disabled women will discrimination as whole, that areas a women who are often regarded as a disabilities, and (asully) poorer. As a resul, the disabled women afe discriminated, pulled over, humiliated ad abused with various negative ‘combination ofthe socal Construction ofthe disabled people and women, have ina marginal postion, including in field of occupation {In fact some ofthe research results that portray disabled people (both male and the world of work shows that she poston of disabled people is very, sbsorption of the physical disabled manpower are still very ow (Tjahyono: effort to distribute and uilze the manpower with disabilities forthe private ‘not maximal (Shoikah: 2006); legal protection tothe workers with disabilities i companies is very low (Saifurrohman: 2006); The Higher problematic in the disabled labor inthe fee market ra (Budan: 2004); The strategy of increasing the labor number into companies is not maximized (Sei Harsone: 2002), SUSENAS data in 2002 vas mentioning that over 20 million disabled Indonesia, 80 percent or 16 millon people registered without a job duc to di ‘weatment of the fms or the employment provider. And the more concerning was pereent or nearly ten millon of disabled people who do not work, they are inthe age or labor fore, including women. ‘Majuki Reseach result (2009) also found the fact that from 1,167,111 disabled surveyed only 256% disabled people who worked. The remaining of 74.4% didnot The spread of disabled people Who worked were as follows: farmers and unstilled was 399% and 32, 1%, a civil servants, police and the military was 1.3%, a8 ‘employees and te remaining were 2.1% andthe ret worked in the services fed (se UD. factors that + disaster, hot ctuldbilntemational Coforence On Social And Pala! Sciences, May 16, 2019, Table Lt “The Percentage of the Occupation Types for Disabled in 14 Provinces in 2009 ee eee ese me 8 | roo swnranelar | Poomaisvaire | us Pour Source: Marjuki 2008) In Indonesia, according tothe Ministry of Social Affairs ofthe Republic of Indonesia in 2009, the prevalence of disabilities in Indonesia reached 1.167 million people, or sbout 10.67% from the total population in Indonesia (234 milion people). This data do seem too contrast with the estimate made by the World Health Organization (WHO) who predicts that the number of people with disabilities in every country is 10% fom the total population. Even this value is much smaller than the report of USA Ambassador (2008) which has ‘estimated, there are six million people, or about 3 percent of the 200 million people with disabilities in Indonesia. From 1,167,111 disabled people, there are 519,670 disabled females. This number is also much smaller than what WHO has estimated. However, the number of disabled people in Indonesia for sure has tendency to rise, There are several factors that significantly Jed to increase the number of disabled people such as natural disasters, horizontal conflict, poverty, malnutrition, infections during the pregnancy and the childbirth, 159Intralot Conerance On Sack And Foti Sctenoes, May 18, 2013, In Surakarta city, a8 well a the ther areas, the number of disabled five years has increased. Last year, in 2009 is estimated there were 908 this city. The number is actually much smaller than what has bea esi Ina predicted there were about 32 thousand or even more disabled people existence of Prof. Dr. Sochatso Surakara Social Rehabilitation Cenee Development Bina Dakss (BBRSBD) asthe national referal centr forthe i possible has become one ofthe reasons why the number of disabled ‘uit large, and even became the city with the largess number of disabled p Indonesia according to the Ministry of Socal AMairs. The thing that should thatthe mimber of disabled people in the eity is also in Hine with the problems faced, And jst as'a phenomenon that gceurs ain the Surakarta also any disabled people, especially disabled women in relation tm issues are sil in the very poor position According to the Seretary General of the Disabled Community Comm (Pokus) Solo, 80 percent of al isbted people in Surakarta are working as moat ‘worker and unemployment, only 20 percent of those people whose income Meanwile, the Department of Social Welfare Manpower Transmigration and. Surakarts in 2009 estimated from 909 disabled people in Surakara only 127 dis ‘who worked (13.9%) and most of them werked inthe informal sector. In ine wit the previous author research result about "becoming a eiil servant with Disab Government Environment of Surat in 2010" there are only 9 people with d ‘worked in the goverment agencies atthe local government of Surakara (5 civil tnd 4 Regional Honourable). Two departments which recorded to employ the people are the Department of Social Welfare Manpower Transmigration and P. adueation Department. The other departments didnot hire those disabled people a {heir work envionment. {A very sad phenomenon inthe image of Surakirta city a8 "Disubeled Friendly ‘Why does this happen? How do Surakarta Government see this phenomenon? H ‘government responsive tothe existing problems? ‘The questions about the Surakarta goverment’ response to the equality of people, particularly in the field of labor has risen up, as the conceptual Fesponsivenss has been widely accepted as the government character which want 1} realized in this connty. The government has the capacity to respond public issues fixed and accurately trough policy steps taken. In this study, responsiveness an {forthe organization’ ability to recognize the neods of the poopl, sets the agenda ‘orto othe public service according tothe people needs and aspirations (Dili in Dwiyant, 2002:62), Thus the public Buteaueracy can be sai has responsibility if they assessed 25 having a high responsiveness 10 what the problems, necds, concems, ‘xpiaions of all the public interest ate, including the issues related to disabilities stpuluted in Regulation No.4 year of 1997 about The Persons with Disabilities. In connection with the foregoing, it must be omphasized that the issue of responsiveness is quality issue in runing the function, The obsession to realize a good fgovemance can be thwarted by the negligence and inability to make the right policy Aecsions, which are subjectively expected by the public and / or objectively necessary 10 160Intematona! Conference On Soci! And Plc! Sciences, May 15 2013 “overcome the identified problems. With a clear mandate on thir shoulder, its necessary for Se eocernment to optimize the sensitivity in deteting problems in the society ‘Based on the above explanation, the tile which is then presented in this study is: mplementaton of The Local Code No.2 Year 2008 in Creating of Disabled Equality (Study on the Responsiveness of the City of Sumkarta in Fulfilling the Right of ‘Occupation for Disabled Womes) Women gender, is become the focus of the study for the author, beeause researcher want ta zee the state responds tothe presence of disabled women in the employment Teviteirquanity number are nt just few people but the problems tat fcing them much eavie in quality Construction as womca and as disabled person, would it make the county Sr thc wespoone patcular in 8 varity of policy? Are thre any epoca rules that make cor diseblod women to get a job? Are there any special programs designed by the Government for disabled women? Are they easy to get ajo? Are there any specific polices Sven by the sate to faciliate the disabled women who are aleady working t9 gst this Erployent rights? Tes the government already had a sign, the eyes of Jobs that sre SEPiek for the women with disabilities if they are working in the government? That's what cane wants to observe further, From the background problem noted above, the big Seaton ofthis study is “How i the Responsiveness of he City of Surkarts in Politi the Right of Occupation for Disabled Women” Research Methode “This research was conducted in Surakarta City, based on several assumptions: First i mn, Srakarta asa punber of disabilities that more than the oer cities / egencies Reet vara, Second, there are many social organizations, community organizations and ‘Gsabled communities that care for disabled people. “The research was conducted using a qualitative approach with case sty method, wing the intndee technique, observation and documentation as a micans of collecting data to get the explanation from the informants. ‘Research Result And Discussion Disabilities Concept ‘Disabilities Inermonology: Resistance Symbol “The word disabled is an acronym from diferent abilities people, then Iter became ifibet ip Indonesian. Literally it defined as a person who bas different abilities. This term is sree snwtead of the word disability or disabilities which deemed as negstive connotation (Caktu, 2010). “According to Majin (2007362), the term of disable gives diferent perspective than the win of handicapped or disabled who perecive something “filed” product or abnormal ‘This toms provides an opportunity to observe the people wit different conditions and off saan armel discourse, because it pus to the people who have temporary oF permancat 161Intemational Coternee On Social And Police Sciences, May 18, 2019 barriers in carrying out their daily lives in large and flexible tenn of disailies also invites us to understand the diversity and between one person and anther The words of dissbed stated that the people who have a different pan the other people are not the people who do not have the ability to work recognized as having the ability to do things ike evervone else, but in the there are some people who have their hands o pain, then the people whe ‘but they are sil be able to pant using thet feet o hei mouth (A ‘The words of disabled do not appear in such easy way, that wond Aiseussion proces and also the long stogele thought. Mansour Fak isthe Proposed the word disabled in 1997's in Indonesia, Fakih simple reason is handicap that has been commonly ued these days snot worth attached othe because that word is also often used on the damaged items, With this wond Mansour Fakih tried to put disabled peopl in his position as an human being Aisable is belived more humane than the word handicap. Acconling to Daming (2005: 19-21) There are several reasons why Se: handicap should be replaced: First, from the language aspect, the word negative denotative meaning such ab patcns, lack of which causes the value or Js not good, reproach, disgrace , and broken. The word handicap also has ‘meanings defects in the form of's sense of demesning, harassing or negative handicap appears because ofa power (ihe group that hat the authority) which gives 8 an identity to group of people who ae considered as disabled. Though the social eonstuetion or not reality of someone existence, ‘Second, philosophically, human beings created by God with tht such form, so ‘may and appropriate in harassing, insulin, degrading the presence of someoee created in differently. 1s no human being perfect, so everyone definitely has limitations, Third, empirically, a term of handicap that usually used, has led to atitedes isrimination agninst the disabled people. The term bundicap has boon causing ‘confusion inthe understanding of the disabled people existence. Handicap is cons the identity ofthe person, which is lower than the person who alld not disabled. the handicap" is nota station that could determine the quality of the ‘om handicap ‘The ‘handicap’ can't determine the limitations of human existence. The andicap” is jut cetsn condition from the human being who deliver ther ssf to the problems of ays the reality is rising when they are facing their own life, than the other human being. ‘When The ‘handicap is seen as a partcalar identity in human being, it © acl ‘degrading the human dignity. Thus the term "handicap" has led to language violence against the human being. The use of the term "handicap" has ed to human rights abuses, especially to those who are called as "disabled. Fourth, te psychosocial impact from the term of “handicap” include: creating socal distance, making the subject and the closest people fel auity, the people called "bandiap" construct themselves ae incomplete, inadequate, undesirable, and positioned as victims. 1682Interatonl Conference On Sac And Pola Sciences, May 16,2013 In essence is, the word ‘handicap’ docs't take side for the disabled people. The disabled word has boen distorted by politcal majors and poisoned by the nezative Ineanings that oppress the disabled people. The disabled word is no more than the social ‘Constucton restt dane by families, communities, and even countries that subsequently led tothe mushrooming practic of dierination snd marginalization against the person whois the stereotype objet or prejudice as disabled, ‘Although the disabled word may alo not perfect to replace the word “handicap. But hat word is group expression form that bas been called “handicap’ to say that they have 8 ‘Heit to enjoy & normal and decent lif. They are able to do as otbers do, just in diferent ws, Since it was iitoduced in 1998, the word of disabled people has been widely used by the pablie and the mass media bolb newspapers er television now. Several organizations yhve also used the word disabled as substtion "handicgp’ word in their writing or their ‘iscussion. Even the national newspapers uch as te Daily Kompas has often used the word Sisabled in any of their writings. This shows thatthe word disabled is acceptable by the public ‘However, the we of tis trm is sll on debate, there is no agreement about the use of the term disabled, Not only in Indonesia, Dut als ia the interational sphere debates about the term and the meaning ofa person who has the disabilities, Besides disabled term, there are some terms that are also evolving to replace the word handicap” in Indonesia such a8 persons with disabilities, and people with special necds. Whitover the terminology, te researcher saw that it i an afempt to change the public perception tothe disabled people who had experienced in discrimination. These terms holies thatthe person who had called disabled eserves to be treated equally with other ‘community member. The use ofthe dssbed tem, people with disabilities or special needs Sock as bation of disabled people is besially a symbol from spirituality ideological existance from a group of people who have been aware that they are oppressed, atenuated, Controlled; .and-eradicated (Cakf, 2010); That term is also a kind of lawsuit agsinst ‘Westem lopocentisme which ss homogenized and "normaly" deflect (Thobat, 2010). ‘very eta nti now on most fe pool een he goverment etl sin a taag” to ee ee a deed gpl, Law No. 4/997 shot whet cuaptccte seo tnd by te poveranet “i et iia te asi asl? Law No 4 of 1997 section define it ested ts emily teed sed people is every pon who bas & physical or menial disorder, which can disrupt or an obstacle for him/her to perform the eves ahold de 1), Physically disable, consist of ‘4 The Body Disability that is someone who has no complete part of their body duc to congenital, accident, or due to a disease that can affect the annoying of their Imobilyor example: amputstion of the handset, paraplegia, bone defects, cerebral. 163Intemational Conernce On Social And Poca Since, May 18 2049 », The DealMute Disability that is someone who has disability a8 result of oss disruption of autor fanetion and either talk function caused by the bh, accident lor disease, consist of: DeafMatedisabi «Blind Disability, is someone who has gestres mobility pursued caused by the Testreducion of visual fanetion caused by the bith, accident and diseases, which consists of ‘Totally Blind : notable to see the object in font of it at al (loss of vision funtion). Perception of igh someone who is able to distinguish the presence of light of ot but they ean not specify the objector an object in front of them. = Have the remaining vision (low vision): a person who can se the object hazly in font of himvber and helshe can not see the fingers which are moved within 2) Mental Dissbiliy, consis of 1. Retardation mental disability isthe person who has mental development (1Q) that is rot in the line withthe growth of biological age. bs. Bx-peychoti, is someone who had experienced a mental disorder 3) Physical and mental dissblties or multiple disables, is someone who has the phyical and menal abnormalities. Meanwhile, the World Health Organization (WHO) By using the term of disabled clasificd it into 3 categories: Impairment dlsabilty and Iandicap. Impairment mentioned as peson who has abnormal conditions of los of trvcture or fanction of psychological or anatomical. While disability is someone who fas the inability or limitations asa rest of the inpairmont to perform any activites in ‘och way that fs considered as normal way forthe human being. As forthe handicap is 2 disadvantage condition fora person asa result of impoirment and disabiliy, which prevent them ffem the fuliling of normal role (inthe context of age, gender, and Eula fctr) forthe disabled person concerned. ICF (International Classification of Functioning Disbility and Health) and Susenas in 2000 are classifying the disabilities into several categories: visual impairment, hearing fimparmest, speech impairment, impsied inthe use of the arm and fingers, the legs use >> 101210) (Cakfa. 2010.” Difabe : SebuohSinbo! Perlawanan”. Mela 2010)08/ifbelecahesinbo-perhwanan 210) “Thohasi. 2010. Menimbang Kau difabe! Dalam Kajion Iimu Sosial”. Melalui aun difsbel dalam. ‘amiss [129/0] Others Source Peraturan Daerah Kota Surakarta Nomor 2 Tahun 2008 tentang “Kestaraan Difabel” ‘Unvang-Undang Negara Republik Indonesia Nomor 4 tahun 1997 tentang “Penyondang Cacat”™