The driving factors for the occurrence of international trade are, because of
differences in natural resources. The natural resources owned by each country
are different and to obtain natural resources that are needed and which are not
owned by a country, there is a need for exchanges between countries which
cause international trade itself. In addition, international trade can occur because
the tastes of the population of a country prefer products of other countries, so
they must import these products. International trade also allows a country to
market its products to many countries. The country produces in large quantities
so that it can reduce production costs. The problem of efficiency is also the
reason for not producing high-tech goods by developing countries and also
countries that use advanced technology can sell goods at low prices to countries
with simple technology. In addition, the desire to gain profits and increase state
revenues is also a factor driving international trade. Another driving factor is the
occurrence of globalization so that no country in the world can live alone.
Every country that carries out international trade will experience positive
impacts and negative impacts on the economy of the country itself. However,
these impacts have different effects on the economies of each country. The
positive impact of international trade, among others, is that domestic production
activities increase in quantity and quality, encourage economic growth in the
country, equitable distribution of income, national economic stability, and
through imports, domestic needs can be met. In addition, the positive impact of
international trade is to encourage the advancement of domestic science and
technology, especially in the field of the industrial sector, with the advent of
new technologies that can help produce more quantities of goods in a short time.
With the existence of international trade can also strengthen cooperation
relations between countries. As for the negative impacts of international trade,
among others, namely the emergence of dependence on developed countries, the
occurrence of unfair competition due to the influence of free trade, domestic-
produced goods can also be disrupted due to the entry of imported goods sold
cheaper in the country which causes domestic industries to experience large
losses and if they are unable to compete, the country's economic growth will
decrease and the domestic unemployment will increase.