4. For the example in Section 6.6.1, suppose π 1=0.70 and π 2=0.60 .

What sample size is

needed for the test to have approximate power 0.80, when α =0.05, for (a) H a :π 1 ≠ π 2 and
(b) H a :π 1> π 2?
Jawaban:
(a) H a :π 1 ≠ π 2
Karena π 1−π 2=0.70−0.60=0.10, Power=1−β=0.80, dan α = 0.05, serta
H a :π 1 ≠ π 2.

( π^ 1− π^ 2 ) −0.10 ( π^ 1− ^π 2 )−0.10
Power=P [ √ 0.96/n ] [
> z α /2 −0.10 √ n/0.96 + P
√0.96 /n
← z α −0.10 √ n/ 0.96
2
]
0.80=P [ z >1.96−0.10 √ n/0.96 ] + P [ z ←1.96−0.10 √ n/0.96 ]
0.80=1−Φ (1.96−0.10 √n /0.96)+Φ (−1.96−0.10 √ n/0.96) ....... (i)
Jika n semakin besar, maka Φ (−1.96−0.10 √ n /0.96)→ 0. Sehingga (i) dapat ditulis
sebagai berikut:
0.80=1−Φ (1.96−0.10 √ n /0.96)
Φ ( 1.96−0.10 √ n/0.96 ) =1−0.80
Φ ( 1.96−0.10 √ n/0.96 ) =0.20
Dengan tabel normal standar N(0,1), maka diperoleh:
0.20 ≈ Φ (−0.85 ), sehingga
1.96−0.10 √ n/0.96=−0.85
0.10 √ n/0.96=1.96+0.85
0.10 √ n/0.96=2.81
√ n/0.96=28.1
n /0.96=(28.1)2
n=758.0256 ≈759
Maka, ukuran sampel yang dibutuhkan jika π 1=0.70 , π 2=0.60 , Power=1−β=0.80,
dan α = 0.05 serta H a :π 1 ≠ π 2 yaitu sebanyak 759 sampel.
(b) H a :π 1> π 2
Karena π 1−π 2=0.70−0.60=0.10, Power=1−β=0.80, dan α = 0.05, serta H a :π 1> π 2
.
( π^ 1− π^ 2 ) −0.10
Power=P [ √ 0.96/n
> z α −0.10 √ n/0.96 ¿ ]
0.80=P [ z >1. 645−0.10 √ n /0.96 ]
0.80=1−Φ (1.645−0.10 √ n/0.96)
Φ ( 1.645−0.10 √ n/0.96 )=1−0.80
Φ ( 1.645−0.10 √ n/0.96 )=0.20
Dengan tabel normal standar N(0,1), maka diperoleh:
0.20 ≈ Φ (−0.85 ), sehingga
1.645−0.10 √n /0.96=−0.85
0.10 √ n/0.96=1.645+0.85
0.10 √ n/0.96=2.495
√ n/0.96=24.95
n /0.96=(24.95)2
n=597.6024 ≈ 598
Maka, ukuran sampel yang dibutuhkan jika π 1=0.70 , π 2=0.60 , Power=1−β=0.80,
dan α = 0.05 serta H a :π 1> π 2 yaitu sebanyak 598 sampel.