KONSEP DAN TRIASE BENCANA

Oleh, Andi Hasnita Dewi, 1806265154, PB 45

TRIASE
- Disortir, memilih dan memilah berdasarkan katergori
- Distribute base on severity (Mendistribusikan), supaya dia tidak menumpuk
dan ditangani secara optimal

DISASTER TRIAGE
- To sort & distrubte victims to appropriate health facilities base on
injury/disease to achive response time for damage controle management
(Upaya untuk memilih dan mendistribusikan berdasarkan derajat berat
kesehatannya)
- Performed in acute phase of disaster (first two days after disaster/intial
assessment)
Dilakukan pada fase akut, dua hari pertama
- Perfomed by health worker (specialist, GP, Nurse, Farmaciest, ect)

ACTIVITIES
- Assesment amount of victims, dead victims, wounded victims, injury severity
o Mengkaji korban
o Mengkaji/mengidentifikasi korban meninggal
o Mengkaji korban luka berdasarkan injury severity
- Assesment remaining health facilities, unaffected hospital, safety, medical
equipment, evacuation route, health worker
o Berdasarkan fasilitas yang tersedia seperti ICU, kamar operasi
o Dilihat keamanan (3A). jangan menjadi secondary victim, harusnya
memilih tempat yang tepat untuk bekerja
o Peratalannya
o Jalur evakuasi
o Nakes lokal biasanya memiliki gangguan mental, jadi lebih baik tidak
dipekerjakan
 - Distribute patients, prevent patient overload, delayed response time, delayed
damaged controle
o Mencegah pasien yang berlebihan. Seperti kasusnya kamar rawat inap
yang overload, seharusnya rujuk ke rumah sakit lain dibandingkan
mengakibatkan bahaya baru
HOW TO DO DISASTER TRIAGE
Simple Disaster Triage
- Walking patient: upper extremities trauma > manage on the field
o Karena masih dalam triase hijau
- Cannot walk: unconscious, lower extremity trauma > sent to hospital
Expert Disaster Triage: Orrhopaedic Trauma Triage, Burn Trauma Triage
o Dikirim ke speasialis yang tepat karena akan mempercepat response
time
DISASTER TRIAGE SYSTEM
- START
- M START Triage Algorithm
- SALT Algorithm
ORRHOPAEDIC TRAUMA TRIAGE
Red : Polytrauma > Hospital type B/A, with ICU
Yellow : Open fracture, compartement syndrome, dislocation, lower
Green : Dilapangan
LOMBOK EARTHQUAKE
- Terjadi gempa 7,5 SR
- Korban 564, 1584 terluka
- Rumah sakit tanjung rusak/hancur, padahal kata ahli sipil 6 bangunan layak
digunakan
- TNI Mendirikan tenda
- Most wounded victims sent to Mataram Province hospital that cause overload
of patients. Orthopaedic surgeons from jawa, Jakarta, makasar, aceh working
at this hospital
- There is no triage system was applied in managing wounded victims, because
situation very crowded. Until fourth week, surgery still done …
OVERLOAS VICTIMS AT MATARAM PROVINCE
- Triage gagal
- Delayed emergency response
FIELD HOSPITAL, MATARAM PROVINCE HOSPITAL
- Flow patient from Tanjung Field hospital to Mataram Province Hospital
- Triage failed
- Overload mataram province hospital
RECOMMENDATION SAFETY HOSPITAL AT EARTHQUAKE HOSPITAL
- Max floor
- Evacuate route
- Welcome management
PALU EARTHQUAKE & TSUNAMI
- Gempa 7,4 SR
- 2256 Meninggal, 4612 terluka
- Many hospital destroyed, most of disaster victims sent to UNDATA hospital,
ANUTAPURA Hospital, WIRABUANA military hospital that also destroyed
by the earthquake
- Disaster triage cannot perfomed smoothly due to lack of facilities such as
vehicle, gasoline, electricity and water …
DISASTER TRIAGE & EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT, EARTHQUAKE &
TSUNAMI PALU 2018
- Not yet finished acute phase in a month
- Disaster triage not smooth
- Incidence commanded not clear
- DVI Failed
BANTEN EARTHQUAKE & TSUNAMI
- Dalam waktu seminggu penanganan 900 korban sudah selesai
- Tim medis cepat memebuat disaster triage
- Jelas siapa komandannya
- Cooperate ambulance 199 from jakarta
- Ministry of health team
SUMMARY
- Indonesia sangat rentan terhadap bencana
- Bantuan bencana pada fase akut banyak mengalami permasalahan, karena
tidak kamampuan dalam melakukan disaster triage