Workshop by:

Ir. Gunawan Budi WIJAYA, S.T., M.T., M.Eng., IPM

Faculty of Civil Engineering and Planning

Civil Engineering Department
Petra Christian University
DEFINISI JEMBATAN

Jembatan merupakan struktur yang

menghubungkan dua lokasi dengan
meneruskan lalu-lintasnya
melewati suatu hambatan.

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 TIPE JEMBATAN

1. JEMBATAN BALOK (BEAM BRIDGE)

2. JEMBATAN BUSUR (ARCH BRIDGE)

3. JEMBATAN RANGKA (TRUSS BRIDGE)

4. JEMBATAN GANTUNG (SUSPENSION

BRIDGE)

5. CABLE-STAYED BRIDGE

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1. JEMBATAN BALOK (BEAM BRIDGE)
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2. JEMBATAN BUSUR (ARCH BRIDGE)
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3. JEMBATAN RANGKA (TRUSS BRIDGE)
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4. JEMBATAN GANTUNG (SUSPENSION BRIDGE)
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5. CABLE-STAYED BRIDGE

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TRUSS BRIDGE
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TYPES OF TRUSS BRIDGE

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TOKYO GATE BRIDGE
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AKASHI KAIKYO BRIDGE
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ASTORIA MEGLER BRIDGE
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SYDNEY HARBOUR BRIDGE
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QUEBEC BRIDGE
 D E S I G N FAL S E ?
C O N S T RUCTIO N FAL S E ?

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 “SLENDER” SECTION

AKSI

REAKSI
SAMBUNGAN

GAYA DALAM BUCKLING!!!

BATANG

REAKSI
Tips:
SAMBUNGAN
Hati – Hati dengan
Batang Tekan !!
AKSI
TARIK TEKAN 17
BATANG TEKAN? ATAU BATANG TARIK?

JOINT EQUILIBRIUM Tips: “Atas” = “Bawah”

V = 0 & H = 0 “Kiri” = “Kanan”

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 MENGHITUNG GAYA DALAM

B
JOINT EQUILIBRIUM
V = 0 → (3/5)AB = 30 kN
3m
AB = 50 kN (Tekan)

A H = 0 → (4/5)AB = AC
C
30kN AC = 40 kN (Tarik)
4m

B ATAN G TE KAN → D E S AI N K APAS ITAS T E K AN

B ATAN G TARI K → D E S AI N K APAS ITAS TAR I K

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 DESAIN PENAMPANG

TEGANGAN TEGANGAN
AKIBAT YANG
GAYA DALAM DIIJINKAN

 = P/A ijin tarik

ijin tekan
Berbanding Lurus dengan
Inersia Penampang
Tips:
Secara umum, Batang Tekan
memerlukan Penampang
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yang lebih “Besar”
 EFFICIENT TRUSS BRIDGE

“RINGAN” Tips:
Perbanyak Batang Tarik ☺

Tapi Tips:

“KUAT” Perkuat Batang Tekan

SAMBUNGAN Harus Kuat !!

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 EFFICIENT TRUSS BRIDGE

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EFFICIENT TRUSS BRIDGE

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 BEAM

 = My/I

Gusset Plate
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Contoh Titik Buhul TRUSS
 STEP BY STEP GUIDE

1. Tentukan Bentang Jembatan

2. Tentukan lokasi perletakan
3. Tentukan Pembebanan
4. Hitung Reaksi Perletakan [Asumsi Berat Sendiri Truss diabaikan]
5. Tentukan Geometri TRUSS
6. Tentukan Batang Tekan / Tarik

D E

P 3m

A C
B
4m 4m 4m 4m
(1/2)P (1/2)P
16 m
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 STEP BY STEP GUIDE

7. Hitung Gaya Dalam

JOINT A
V = 0 → (3/5)AD = (1/2)P H = 0 → (4/5)AD = AB
AD = (5/6)P (Tekan) (4/5)x(5/6)P = AB
AB = (2/3)P (Tarik)

D E

P 3m
(2/3)P C
A
(Tarik) B
4m 4m 4m 4m
(1/2)P (1/2)P
16 m
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 STEP BY STEP GUIDE

7. Hitung Gaya Dalam

JOINT D
V = 0 → (3/5)AD = (3/5)BD H = 0 → (4/5)AD + (4/5)BD = DE
BD = (5/6)P (Tarik) (4/5)x(5/6)P + (4/5)x(5/6)P = DE
DE = (4/3)P (Tekan)

D (4/3)P E
(Tekan)
P 3m
(2/3)P C
A
(Tarik) B
4m 4m 4m 4m
(1/2)P (1/2)P
16 m
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 STEP BY STEP GUIDE

7. Hitung Gaya Dalam

SYMMETRICAL STRUCTURE:
JOINT C = JOINT A
JOINT E = JOINT D

D (4/3)P E
(Tekan)
P 3m
(2/3)P (2/3)P C
A
(Tarik) B (Tarik)
4m 4m 4m 4m
(1/2)P (1/2)P
16 m
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 STEP BY STEP GUIDE

7. Hitung Gaya Dalam

JOINT B [CHECK]
V = 0 H = 0
(3/5)BD + (3/5)BE = P AB + (4/5)BD = BC + (4/5)BE
(3/5)x(5/6)P + (3/5)x(5/6)P = P (2/3)P + (4/5)x(5/6)P = (2/3)P + (4/5)x(5/6)P
P = P [OK] (4/3)P = (4/3)P [OK]
D (4/3)P E
(Tekan)
P 3m
(2/3)P (2/3)P C
A
(Tarik) B (Tarik)
4m 4m 4m 4m
(1/2)P (1/2)P
16 m
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 STEP BY STEP GUIDE

8. Desain Penampang Desain Batang Tarik:

Desain Batang Tekan: AB → σAB = (2/3)P / AAB
AD → σAD = (5/6)P / AAD < σijin tekan AD BC → σBC = (2/3)P / ABC
< σijin tarik
DE → σDE = (4/3)P / ADE < σijin tekan DE BD → σBD = (5/6)P / ABD
CE → σCE = (5/6)P / ACE < σijin tekan CE BE → σBE = (5/6)P / ABE

D (4/3)P E
(Tekan)
P 3m
(2/3)P (2/3)P C
A
(Tarik) B (Tarik)
4m 4m 4m 4m
(1/2)P (1/2)P
16 m
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 STEP BY STEP GUIDE

9. Desain Sambungan

Gaya Maksimal yang Bekerja di Sambungan = (4/3)P

Kekuatan Sambungan >> (4/3)P

D (4/3)P E
(Tekan)
P 3m
(2/3)P (2/3)P C
A
(Tarik) B (Tarik)
4m 4m 4m 4m
(1/2)P (1/2)P
16 m
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 STEP BY STEP GUIDE

10. Check:
- Semua Elemen yang digunakan dalam kondisi terbaik
- Titik Pembebanan
- Batang Tarik → Area Penampang
- Batang Tekan → Inersia Penampang
- SAMBUNGAN !!!
- Stabilitas Arah Tegak Lurus

D (4/3)P E
(Tekan)
P 3m
(2/3)P (2/3)P C
A
(Tarik) B (Tarik)
4m 4m 4m 4m
(1/2)P (1/2)P
16 m
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