DNJUHGDCQG DMLCJGHCF KCF

UMFC[CHCDQCFCCFFWC
 

JC[MYG

 Lgpmrmjmsgs Brcvgkcruj
 Urmmdhcjpsg kcf Mdhcjpsg
 Dmhcgfcf hcjcfyc dmlcjghcf
 Dmlcjghcf Mdtnpgd [mrbcfbbu
 Dmhcgfcf Uhcsmftc kcf pmfkcrclcf cftmpcrtuj
 Dmlcjghcf Bcfkc
 Dmtuicf Umacl Kgfg
 Umfycdgt hcgf ycfb jmjpmfbcrulg dmlcjghcf
 

Urmjcturgtcs
(Umrschgfcf prmtmrj)

Unstjcturgtcs
(Umrschgfcf Unst tmrj)
 

UYMJC[]YG[CQ

Umrschgfcf 8 12 jgfbbu

IIHY 8 9=55 brcj

UMFW]HG[ ?
 C. Umrdmjicfbcf nrbcf vgtch imhuj smjpurfc
I. Kcyc tclcf tuiul rmfkcl  gf`mdsg
A. Jmftch ‑ gftmhmdtuch rmfkcl  imicf dmhucrbc
 

Q]YPGPCH YC[M CAANYKGFB

[N BMQ[C[GNFCH CBM & IGY[L RMGBL[
(NDHCLNJC JMKGACH AMF[MY, 37<3-377;)

Bmst. Cbm Qurvgvnrs Igrtl Rmgblt Qurvgvnrs

9; wmmds 95 8=55Bjs 5
9= 9= =53-<55 99
90 =5
92 2= <53-3555 2=
9< <1 3553-39=5 <9
97 7; 39=3-3=55 7;
15 7=
13 7= 3=53-32=5 72
19 72 32=3-9=55 7<
11+ 77 69=55 77
 

UMFWMICI UYMJC[]YG[CQ
3. Dnfkgsg ujuj
c) Dmckccf snsgch mdnfnjg rmfkcl   cfmjgc, durcfb bgzg,
pmrndnd, ujur tmrhchu jukc/tuc
i) Umfycdgt giu
KJ, lgpmrtmfsg, ocftufb/pcru, mfkndrgf, rlmsus
9. Umfyuhgt dmigkcfcf
 Lgkrcjfgnf, bcfkc, UM/M
 Umrkcrclcf cftm pcrtuj
 DUK
1. Dmhcgfcf hcgf
 Dmhcgfcf cfctnjg / dnfbmfgtch rclgj
 Gf`mdsg
 

UMY[NHNFBCF
 ]sclcdcf trcujc jgfgjch
Umfyuhgt ycfb jufbdgf tgjiuh 
 Umrkcrclcf gftrc drcfgch
 Bcfbbucf pmrfcpcscf

(Qgfkrnjc kgstrmss rmspgrcsg)

  Cs`gdsgc fmnfctus
 Gf`mdsg fmnfctus

Umrtnhnfbcf igkcf?

Dnfsmrvctg`  gstgrclct, gsnhcsg & pmfbnictcf pmfycdgt
 Dnfsuh kndtmr 
 Yuoudcf dm rujcl scdgt
 

UNQ[ JC[]YG[CQ


Dmlcjghcf hmwct wcdtu

Umrschgfcf 6 ;9 jgfbbu

Dmschclcf LUJ >

Dmockgcf ;-3=%

Dnf`grjcsg kmfbcf ]QB
 

UMYJCQCHCLCF UNQ[JC[]YG[CQ

Gfsu`gsgmfsg phcsmftc
  ocfgf rgsgdn cs`gdsgc drnfgs / cdut

 @mtch kmctl
 Umrtujiulcf ocfgf tmrlcjict

Umruiclcf jmtcinhgsjm ocfgf

 Cgr dmtuicf imrdurcfb
 Qcct pmrschgfcf rmftcf cs`gdsgc
 Ighc II hmigl pmrhu tgfkcdcf (vcduj / QA)
 

UMFWMICI UNQ[JC[]YG[CQ


Ntnt rclgj tgkcd smfsgtg` tmrlckcp ndsgtnsgf

Usgdnhnbgs

Dmhcgfcf rclgj
 

QGDCU IGKCF


 Cfcjfmsgs
 6 ;9 jgfbbu
 Bmrcd ocfgf imrdurcfb / imrlmftg
 Umjmrgdsccf


II giu, cgr dmtuicf, KOO, bmrcd ocfgf, [IO

 Umfctchcdscfccf
  Cfourdcf/ruoud pmrschgfcf kg YQ
 Umfctchcdscfccf kg YQ (nhml kndtmr)

Gfkudsg (jgsnprnstnh/ndsgtnsgf)
 QA
 

G]@K
(GF[YC
(GF [YC ][MYGFM
][MYGFM @M[
@M[CH
CH
KMC[L)
 

UYGFQGU KCQCY ?

Irckgdcrkg ? KOO durcfb kcrg 395/jmfgt

[cdgdcrkg ? KOO hmigl
hmigl kcrg 305/jmfgt

A[B
 

BCRC[ OCFGF/G]@K

 Ocfgf tgkcd jmfmrgjc N9 audup---

lgpndsgc
 Ocfgf ycfb imrmsgdn tgfbbg ?

Ocfgf ycfb pmrtujiulcffyc tmrlcjict
 Ocfgf kcrg giu kmfbcf kgcimtms
 Ocfgf prmtmrj kcf pnstmrj

Ocfgf kmfbcf dmhcgfcf hmtcd
 Ocfgf kmfbcf dmhcgfcf icwccf ctcu
gf`mdsg
 

BCRC[ O
BCR OCFGF
CFGF KCHCJ UMYQCH
UMYQCHGFCF
GFCF
KCUC[ [MYOCKG IGHC ?


Umrschgfcf imrhcfbsufb hcjc
 Gfkudsg pmrschgfcf kmfbcf
ndsgtnsgf

 Ckc pmrkcrclcf ctcu gf`mdsg
 Gfsu`gsgmfsg phcsmftc ? pns
tmrj,prm mdhcjpsgc
 

UMFGHCGCF DHGFGD
 [cfkc bcwct ocfgf ?
 KOO cifnrjch
- ]jujfyc KOO ckchcl grmbuhmr,f
grmbuhmr,fcjuf
cjuf oudc tgkcd
dmjichg fnrjch smtmhcl dnftrcdsg---lgpndsgc
- Irckgdcrkgc kg hucr dnftrcdsg ctcu tgkcd jmfblghcfb
smtmhcl dnftrcdsg --dmbcwctcf ocfgf
- [cdlgdcrkg
[cdlgdcrkg kcpct jmrupcdcf rmcdsg tmrlckcp
ckcfyc ? kmjcj pckc giu,nict-nictcf
tndnhgtgd,cjfngfgtgs
- Ogdc giu tgkcd jmfbchcjg tcdlgdcrkgc,KOO
6305/jmfgt ---lgpndsgc
 Jmdnfmuj
Lgocu dmftch---cgr dmtuicf oujhclfyc smkgdgt
Urmsmftcsg indnfb tgkcd jmjmrhudcf gftmrvmfsg
 

BMYCD OCFGF JMFBLGHCFB



Jcschcl
- Giu tgkcd? jmrcscdcf bmrcdcf ocfgf


Kgcbfnsgs ?

Fghcg KOO

Ighc KOO tcd tmrkmfbcr
tmrkmfbcr,pcstgdcf
,pcstgdcf ckcfyc dmjctgcf
 ocfgf kmfbcf knpphmr 
knpphmr 

Ighc KOO icgd,imrcrtg icyg tgkur 

Ycfbscfb icyg kmfbcf sucrc (imh) ctcu kmfbcf
jmfbbnycfbdcf pmrut giu

Ighc KOO jmfgfbdct `rmdumfsgfyc smsucg kmfbcf
bmrcd ocfgf,jcdc ocfgf kcpct kgdctcdcf fnrjch

Ighc KOO amfkmrufb turuf scct ocfgf
imrbmrcd,jcdc kcpct kgsgjpuhdcf ckcfyc bcwct
 ocfgf
 

DMJC[GCF OCFGF

Umfghcgcf Dhgfgd
 Umrtujiulcf ocfgf imrdurcfb,icldcf ocfgf jmfbmagh
smlgfbbc [@] jmfuruf
 KOO tcd tmrkmfbcr kmfbcf `mtnsdnp kcf kgpcstgdcf
kmfbcf knpphmr 

Dmhulcf giu ? bmrcd ocfgf jmfblghcfb
 II jmfuruf
 [uhcfb dmpchc dnhcps
 ]QB
 LAB urgf fmbctg`----imimrcpc lcrg smtmhcl dmjctgcf
 ocfgf
 

DNJUHGDCQG ?


[rcujc mjnsgnfch ighc wcdtu cftcrc
dmjctgcf ocfgf kcf pmrschgfcf audup hcjc


Kcpct tmrockg gf`mdsg ighc dmtuicf pmacl
 

UMFCFBCFCF
 Umjmrgdsccf kcrcl (CIN kcf Ylmsus)
 Lgfkcrg pmjimrgcf gf`nrjcsg ycfb tgkcd tmpct
t mpct
 Kudufbcf jmftch mjnsgnfch pmrhu kgimrgdcf
dmpckc pcsgmf
 Ymfacfc pmrschgfcf pmrvcbgfc kmfbcf acrc gfkudsg
jcupuf mdspmdtctg`---kgigacrcdcf
mdspmdtctg`---kgigacrcdcf kmfbcf dmhucrbc
 Umjmrgdsccf pctnhnbg phcsmftc cdcf jmfbufbdcp

ckcfyc pctnhnbg phcsmftc kcf gf`mdsg

 

G]BY
Km`gfgsg
Km`gfgsg jmfurut RLN (3707), ocfgf ycfb jmfbchcjg
pmrtujiulcf ycfb tmrlcjict ckchcl ocfgf ycfb
jmfbchcjg dmbcbchcf kchcj jmfacpcg imrct stcfkcrk
ctcu udurcf stcfkcrk ycfb smsucg kmfbcf usgc
 
dmlcjghcffyc.
 Umrtujiulcf Ocfgf [mrlcjict ctcu Gftrc ]tmrgfm Brnwtl
Ymstrgatgnf ckchcl
Ymstrgatgnf ckchcl suctu dmckccf kgjcfc tmrockg bcfbbucf
futrgsg kcf pmrtujiulcf ocfgf ycfb jmfbcdgictdcf imrct
ickcf hclgr kgicwcl ictcscf tmrtmftu kcrg usgc
dmlcjghcffyc.
 

 Km`gfgsg ycfb smrgfb kgpcdcg ckchcl icyg-icyg ycfb

jmjpufycg imrct ickcf kgicwcl 35 pmrsmftgh kcrg durvc
imrct ickcf icyg ycfb fnrjch . Kchcj = tcluf tmrcdlgr,
tmrcdlgr,
gstghcl Ymtcrkctgnf
Ymtcrkctgnf pckc
 pckc Gftrc ]tmrgfm Brnwtl
Ymtcrkctgnf (G]BY) tmhcl imruicl jmfockg Ymstrgatgnf
Ymstrgatgnf  
nhml dcrmfc Ymtcrkcsg hmigl kgtmdcfdcf uftud jmftch.
 Jmfurut Bnrknf, ON (955=) pmrtujiulcf ocfgf
tmrlcjict-UO[ (Gftrcutmrgfm brnwtl rmstrgatgnf)
kgcrtgdcf smicbcg suctu dnfkgsg kgjcfc ocfgf
imrudurcf hmigl dmagh kcrg stcfkcr udurcf ignjmtrg
fnrjch pckc usgc dmlcjghcf. Dckcfb puhc gstghcl
UO[ smrgfb kgcrtgdcf smicbcg dmagh uftud jcsc
dmlcjghcf-DJD (sjchh `nr bmstctgnfch cbm).
 

@cdtnr Ymsgdn G]BY

 @catnr rmsgdn kcrg Giu ? Chdnlnh, jmrndnd, Nict nictcf

(Anrtganstmrngk, prnpcfnhnh, Kghcftgf, Anujckgf, Lmrngf), Cfmjgc,

jchfutrgsg, Imrct ickcf Giu Durcfb kcrg =5 Db, pmfycdgt Ocftufb
Aycfntga, Lgpmrtmfsg drnfgs, Urmbfcfay Gfkuamk Lgpmrtmfsg,
Kgcimtus Jmhhgtus kmfbcf bcfbbucf Pcsauhnpcty,
csauhnpcty, Anffmatgvm
[gssum Kgsmcsm
 @catnr Ymsgdn kcrg icyg ? dmhcgfcf bmfmtga (jgschfyc ? kwcr`

sgfkrnj), dmhcgfcf drnjnsnj (trgsnjg 39, 3< kcf 93), anfbmfgtch

cfnjchy (jgschfyc ? bcstrnsalgsgs), gf`mdsg `mtus (jgschfyc ? vgrus,
prntnznc)
 @cdtnr Ymsgdn kcrg ]tmrus kcf Uhcsmftc ? Dmhcgfcf Juhhmr (smptuj

utmrus) kcf gsu`gsgmfsg phcsmftc ycfb kcpct imrupc ? Gf`crd, Gf`mdsg

pckc phcsmftc, alnrgncfbgnjc
alnrgncfbgnjc,, juhtg`mtch Urmbfcfay , agraujvchctc
phcsmftc, phcsmftc prmvgc, @nach Ciruptgnf, jcrbgfch Gfsmrsg n` tlm
anrk )
 

Lgpndsmjgc pckc ocfgf tmrockg ighc ?


Umfurufcf dckcr ndsgbmf pckc kcrcl
ycfb jmfuou utmrus

Umfurufcf `ufbsg phcsmftc

Umfurufcf dckcr ndsgbmf kchcj kcrcl
 ocfgf.
 

DMLCJGHCF BCFKC

Dmlcjghcf bcfkc ctcu dmlcjghcf dmjicr

ckchcl dmlcjghcf kmfbcf kuc ocfgf ctcu
hmigl. @catnr ycfb jmjpmfbcrulg ckchcl
`catnr nict-nict dnfkudsg nvuhcsg, `catnr
dmturufcf, `catnr ycfb hcgf imhuj kgdmtclug.
 

CFBDC DMOCKGCF BMJMHG

bmjmhhy 3?<=

trgphmt 3?2,097

quckruphmt 3?0,2
 qugftuphmt 3?;
 

IMYICBCG DNJIGFCQG HM[CD, UYMQMF[CQG KCF UNQGQG IGQC

[MYOCKG UCKC DMLCJGHCF DMJICY (BMJMHG)


Dmkuc ocfgf kchcj hmtcd jmjiuour kmfbcf
 prmsmftcsg dmpchc
 hmtcd jmjiuour kmfbcf prmsmftcsg dmpchc indnfb

dmkucfyc prmsmftcsg indnfb

hmtcd hgftcfb kcf prmsmftcsg dmpchc
 hmtcd hgftcfb kcf prmsmftcsg indnfb

kuc-kucfyc hmtcd hgftcfb
 hmtcd kcf prmsmftcsg 07.
 

KGCBFNQGQ DMLCJGHCF DMJICY.

Uckc cfcjfmsc

Giu jmfbctcdcf pmrut hmigl iufagt kcrg
smjmstgfyc tuc dmlcjghcf

bmrcdcf ocfgf hmigl icfycd kgrcscdcf giu lcjgh

utmrus tmrcsc hmigl ampct jmjimscr

 pmrfcl lcjgh dmjicr ctcu ckc smocrcl dmturufcf.
 

QMKCFBDCF UCKC UMJMYGDQCCF GFQUMDQG KCF UCHUCQG


dmscf utmrus hmigl imscr kcf ampct tujiulfyc


kcrg igcsc
tmrcic bmrcdcf-bmrcdcf ocfgf hmigl icfycd 

 icfycd icbgcf-icbgcf
icbgcf-icb gcf dmagh tmrcic
 tmrcic tgbc icbgcf imscr ocfgf
 tmrcic 9 ichntmjmf
 

Uckc pmjmrgdsccf
pm jmrgdsccf Cusduhtcsg
 tmrkmfbcr kuc kmfyut ocftufb ocfgf pckc 9
tmjpct ycfb cbcd imroculcf kmfbcf
 pmrimkccf dmampctcf
dmampc tcf smkgdgtfyc h5 kmfyut
 pmr jmfgt.
]htrcsnfnbrc`g ? dmhglctcf 9 ocfgf pckc trgwuhcf
GG, kuc ocftufb ycfb imrkmfyut tmhcl kcpct
kgtmftudcf pckc trgwuhcf G.
 

 Urmkgdsg IIH pckc dmlcjghcf Bmjmhg ? Imrsmhgsgl

cftcrc =5 scjpcg 3555br, dcrmfc pmjicbgcf
sgrduhcsg kcrcl tgkcd scjc jcdc ycfb sctu durcfb
 imrtujiul kcrg ycfb hcgffyc.
 

DNJUHGDCQG [MYLCKCU GI] ?


Kcpct jmfymicidcf cfmjgc kcf km`gsgmfsg zct-zct
hcgffyc.

@rmdumfsg lgkrcjfgnf imrtcjicl 35 dchg hmigl
 imscr kcrg dmlcjghcf igcsc.
igcsc.

@rmdumfsg prm-mdhcjsg kcf mdhcjsg hmigl smrgfb.

Qmrgfb tmrockg smscd fc`cs.

Nkmjc kcf vcrgsms pckc tufbdcg kcf vuhvc.
 Kcpct tmrockg? gfmrsgc utmrg, pmrkcrclcf pnstpcrtuj
kcf snhusgn phcsmftc kcf smsukcl cfcd pmrtcjc
hclgr.
 

DNJUHGDCQG [MYLCKCU OCFGF?


Icyg cdcf tmrhclgr prmjcturm

Cfbdc dmjufbdgfcf tmrockg dmhcgfcf /
dmacactcf pckc icyg hmigl tgfbbg

cfbdc dmjctgcf tgfbbg
 

UMFCFBCFCF KCHCJ DMLCJGHCF

 Urmfctch ycfb icgd uftud jmfbmfch dmlcjghcf dmjicr kcf
jmfambcl dnjphgdcsg ycfb tgjiuh,
  ighc kgcbfnsc tmhcl kgtmbcddcf pmrgdsc cdcf hmigl smrgfb (3dchg
smjgfbbu pckc dmlcjghcf 19 jgfbbu dm ctcs).
 Qmtmhcl dmlcjghcf 15 jgfbbu, dngtus kcf pmrochcfcf ocul kghcrcfb,
dcrmfc cdcf jmrcfbscfb pcrtus prmjc`urus.
 Umrtnhnfbcf pmrschgfcf igkcf tgkcd imrwmfcfb jmhcdudcffyc
(ruoud dm `csghgtcs pmhcycf ycfb jmjckcg) tmrdmauchg ctcs gfkgdcsg.
 

Umfycdgt hcgf ycfb

jmjpmfbcrulg dmlcjghcf
 

UMFWCDG[ DCYKGNPCQD]HMY
 

IC[CQCF

 Dmlcjghcf yb kgsmrtcg kmfbcf bcfbbucf `ufbsg

 ocftufb
 

UMFBCY]L [LK DMLCJGHCF


Urgfsgp? ocftufb tgkcd jcjjpu jmjimrgdcf

futrgsg kcf ndsgbmfcsg pckc ocfgf yb smkcfb

tujiul
 

UMFBCY]L [MYLCKCU DMLCJGHCF……


Cdgictfyc uftud icyg

cinrtus, prmjcturgtcs, UO[,

acact icwccf, cs`gdsgc ocfgf

gftrcutmrgf, tujiul dmjicfb

 ocfgf cdcf tmrlcjict
tmrlcjict smtmhcl
 hclgr 

UMFBCY]L [MYLCKCU DMLCJGHCF……


Cdgictfyc uftud giu

tmrockg pcycl ocftufb

( kmanjpmfsctgn anrkgs)

kcf dmjctgcf jmfgfbdct

 

UMJICBGCF DHGFGD UMFWCDG[ OCF[]FB UCKC DMLCJGHCF

Dmhcs
Dmhcs G ? tgkcd
tgkcd ckc
ckc dmhul
dmhulcf
cf

Dmhhcs GG
Dm ? im
imdm
dmrroc im
imrc
rctt-s
-smk
mkcf
cfb
b jm
jmfb
fbcd
cdgi
gicctd
tdcf
cf
smscd, kyspfnm k‗m``nrt

Dmhc
Dmhcss GGG
GGG ? dmr
dmroc
oc rg
rgfb
fbcf
cf jmf
jmfbc
bcdg
dgic
ictd
tdcf
cf sms
smscd 
cd 

Dmhhcs GP ? sm
Dm smsc
scd
d tmr
mrus
us jm
jmfm
fmru
russ
 

QCC[-QCC[ DYG[GQ


Lgpmrmjmsgs brcvgkcruj

juch, juftcl, kcf gftcdm jmfuruf, tmrockg

lmjndnfsmftrcsg, smkcfbdcf jmtcinhgsjm kcf

dnfsujsg N9 jmfgfbdct, pcru-pcru suhgt jmfbmjicfb,

jmfymicidcf imicf ocftufb jmfgfbdct
 

QCC[-QCC[ DYG[GQ……

 ]jur dmlcjghcf 19-1; jgfbbu

[mrockg pufacd lgkrmjgc (9=-=5%) jmfbcdgictdcf

 imicf ocftufb
ocftufb jmfgfbdct
jmfgfbdct

 Ucrtus Dchc GG

Pmfus rmturf jmfgfbdct  jm↓ imicf otb ic-ic

 

QCC[-QCC[ DYG[GQ……


Uumrpmrguj

kgfg (1-= lcrg) ? vnhujm kcrcl yb dmjichg dm

 ocftufb jmfkckcd jmfgfbdct
jmf gfbdct

hcfout ? iclcyc gf`mdsg pumrpmrchgs, mfknjmtrgtgs,

lmjctn bmf  sui
 imrhcfout jmfymicr smacrc lmjctnbmf
  icdtmrgch mfkndcrkgtgs

UMFC[CHCDQCFCCF


Rcdt
cdtuu CFA
CFA

Qcct gfpcrtu

Uumrpmrguj

Dmhucrbc Imrmfacfc
 

UMFC[CHCDQCFCCF……


Rcdtu CFA

Dmhcs G kcf GG  dmlcjghcf (+)

Dmhcs GGG kcf GP  cinrtus prnvndctus

jmkgsgfchgs
 rcwct imrscjc dcrkgnhnbg

UMFC[CHCDQCFCCF……


Qcct gfpcrtu

dchc GG kgpmrampct kb mdstrcdsg `nrsmps

QA kgdmrocdcf ctcs gfkgdcsg nistmtrg
Lgfkcrg trcujc imrhmiglcf kcf gf`mdsg

Kgkcjpgfbg smnrcfb dcrkgnhnb

Dchc GGG? ambcl cdut rm`huds kcrcl dm ocftufb
ocftufb kb
acrc `nwhmr kcf pmjcscfbcf tnurfgqumt pckc
 dmkuc tufbdcg

UMFC[CHCDQCFCCF……

 Uumrpmrguj

Imk rmst, kgrcwct =-35 lcrg drf iclcyc KA kcf

QIM
Ambcl dnfstgpcsg
Hcdtcsg kgictcsg uftud KA dmhcs GGG kcf GP
 

UMFC[CHCDQCFCCF……

 Dmhucrbc Imrmfacfc

Ighc oujhcl cfcd audup  dnftcp

(JNR/JNU)

 ighc jmfnhcd dnftcp  G]K

smicgdfyc cfcd tgkcd hmigl kcrg kuc
 

CFMJGC
Ckchcl pmfurufcf dcpcsgtcs kcrcl kchcj jmjicwc
ndsgbmf4 lch tmrsmiut kcpct tmrockg cdgict pm ↑
kc f /ctcu pm  ↑ LI
 prnkudsg smh kcrcl jmrcl, kcf
kchcj kcrcl.
 

Kgkcpct?

-km`gsgmfsg imsg
-pmrkcrclcf
-dmbcfcscf ctcu pmrckcfbcf
-jmbchnihcstgd 
-lmjnhgtgd 
 -cphcstgd 
UMFWMICI CFM GC

Lmrmkgtmr?
-tlchcsmjgc
-iuhcf scigt

-lmjnbhniuhgfnpctg hcgf
-cfmjgc lmjnhgtgd lmrmkgtmr hcgf
 

CFMJGC KM@GQGMFQG IMQG

 Cfmjgc ighc Li8 33 br%


Lcsgh hcinrctnrguj?
  JAP (jmcf amhh vnhujm) rmfkcl
JALA (jmcf amhh lcmjnbhnigf anfamftrctgnf)

rmfkcl
 

CFMJGC KM@GQGMFQG IMQG

 Fghcg ictcs uftud cfmjgc pckc pmrmjpucf?

[gk
gkcd
cd lc
lcjg
jghh ? Li 39,
39,5
5 b/
b/kh
kh 4 LA
LA[
[ 10%
[rg
rgj
jms
msttmr 3 ? Li
Li 33,
33,5
5 b/
b/kh 4 LA[
LA[ 11
11%
%
[rg
rgj
jms
msttmr 9 ? Li 35
35,=
,= b/
b/kh
kh 4 LA
LA[
[ 19
19%%
[rg
rgj
jms
msttmr 1 ? L
Li
i 33,
33,5
5 b/
b/kh 4 LA[
LA[ 11
11%
%
 

CFMJGC KM@GQGMFQG IMQG

Umfymici?

Durcfb csupcf @m

Bbf rmsnrisg kunkmfuj

Juch,juftcl,kgcrm

Umrkcrclcf giu lcjgh

Gf`mdsg nhml acagfb
 

CFMJGC KM@GQGMFQG IMQG

 Umfbcrul tlk dmlcjghcf?
cinrtus
G]@K, G]BY 
 pmrschgfcf prmjctur 

dmjufbdgfcf acact hclgr 

 icyg hclgr kb cfmjgc
 

CFMJGC KM@GQGMFQG IMQG

 Umfbcrul tlk giu lcjgh?

 pmrschgfcf kb dnjphgdcsg
jukcl gf`mdsg
LUU
 

CFMJGC KM@GQGMFQG IMQG

 Umfctchcdscfccf
(RLN) suphmjmf 15-05 jb/lcrg ,prn`ghcdtgd 
395-9;5 jb/lcrg, pk px cfmjgc


Qmkgccf `mrus suh`ct (tcihmt 955 jb)
`mrus bhudnfct (tcihmt 155 jb)
 

UMFWCDG[ [YCD[]Q KGBMQ[GP]Q, LMUCY,

 KCF UCFDYMCQ

CUMFKGQG[GQ CD][

Ckchcl suctu pmfycdgt rckcfb usus iuftu.

Kgcbfnsgs?
 cfnrmdsgc, juch, juftcl, pmrut dmjiufb

Kmjcj
  Fymrg pmrut dcfcf iwl
 Fymrg tmdcf kcf hmpcs pmrut dcfcf iwl
iwl
  Fymrg tmdcf kcf hmpcs pmrut dcfcf iwl
iwl
- Hci? hmudnsgtnsgs

CUMFKGQG[GQ CD][

Umfcfbcfcf?

Cpmfkgdtnjg

Cftgigntgdc

Yninrcftgc kcf pmfbuct dcfkufbcf
 

LMJNYNGK

[mrhglct spt icftchcf ocrgfbcf kcrg vcrgdnsgs

v crgdnsgs vmfc yb
jrp gfsu`gsgmfsg drnfgd vmfc kg cfus

Bx? pmrkcrclcf kuiur,smfscsg jmfbbcfoch smtmhcl

ICI,fymrg pckc kuiur 
 

LMJNYNGK…..

Lmjnrngk kgicbg 9?
 Lmjnrngk gftmrfch,
 pmjimfbdcdcf kchcj rmdtuj slb
tgkcd igsc kghglct ctcu kgrcic.
Ycsc scdgt (-), pmrkcrclcf scct
ICI, ighc jmjimscr, dmhucr igigr
 cfus  fymrg

LMJNYNGK…..


Lmjnrngk mdstmrfch ? rcsc
scdgt (+),pmrgl, bctch

Giu lcjgh rmftcf lmjnrngk

dcrmfc jm↓ dckcr lnrjnf

dmlcjghcf yb jmhmjcldcf
 kkb vmfc ibf cfus.

LMJNYNGK…..

Umfcfbcfcf?


Lgfkcrg jmfbmocf tmrhchu

duct scct ICI
 Dnfsujsg jcdcfcf dcyc

smrct, jgfuj < bmhcs smlcrg

 Obf jmfufkc9 ICI
  Durcfbg dnfsujsg acicg kcf
jcdcfcf pmkcs

LMJNYNGK…..

Umfcfbcfcf?

[gkur audup
 Ocfbcf kukud tmrhchu hcjc
 Qmfcj/nhclrcbc rutgf
 Umfbnictcf tcfpc npmrcsg? schmp kcf ctcu supnsgtnrgc

LMJNYNGK…..

Lmjnrngk imrct  npmrcsg

 

DNHMQ[CQGQ NIQ[M[YGD

Ckh imrdurcfbfyc ctcu tmrlmftgfyc chgrcf mjpmku

Kgcbfnsgs?

Ocufkgam

Cgr dmjgl bmhcp

Qtmctnrm
 
Bxfymrg pmrut, lhb fc`su jcdcf, juftcl,
kmjcj

DNHMQ[CQGQ NIQ[M[YGD……

 Ururgtus tcfpc rucj, pmfgfbdctcf dckcr mfzgj

lctg ctcu pmfgfbdctcf cscj mjpmku

  dnhmstcsgs nistmtrgd 
 

DNHMQ[CQGQ NIQ[M[YGD…….


Mjpmku imrdurcfb kchcj usus  imrdurcfbfyc
k cf vgtcjgf K  dnhmstcsgs
 pmfymrcpcf dchsguj kcf
jmfmtcp  pmfbmrnpnscf tuhcfb  fymrg, pctcl

tuhcfb
 

DNHMQ[CQGQ NIQ[M[YGD…….


Ygsgdn jctmrfch?

Ururgtus jrp bmochc yb scfbct jmfbbcfbbu

LUU nd pmjcfocfbcf wcdtu prntrnjigf cdgict bbf

`x lctg
 Ururgtus kcf `x lctg cdcf F khj 1 ihf, ighc tkd  
 ruoud dm lmpctnhnbgs

DNHMQ[CQGQ NIQ[M[YGD…….


Ygsgdn `mtch? pmfgfbdctcf prmjcturgtcs, `mtch
kgstrmss, kcf dmjctgcf ocfgf
 

DNHMQ[CQGQ NIQ[M[YGD

Jcfcomjmf?
[mrjgfcsg dmlcjghcf usgc 12-1< jb
Umjcftcucf D[B smhcjc pmrschgfcf
Pgt D 35 jb/lcrg
 

CAA][M @C[[W HGPMY

Ckh dmbcbchcf lctg cdut kb pmfburcfbcf dcpcsgtcs

jmtcinhgd lctg tcfpc smici hcgf.

Bx? juch, juftcl, fymrg mpgbcstrgd, jchcgsm

Hci? trcfscjgfcsm smruj↓, lgpmrighgruigfmjgc,

lgpnbhgdmjgc, hmudnsgtnsgs, lgpmrurgdmjgc,
 pmjcfocfbcf wcdtu prntrnjigf
 

CA][M @C[[W HGPMY…….


Jcfcomjmf utcjc? tmrjgfcsg dmlcjghcf

[gj? cfcstmsgnhnb, nistmtrgdus smfgnr, lmpctnhnb,
tgj trcfspcftcsg lctg.

Qmtmhcl pmrschgfcf, px kgrcwct kg rucfjb gftmsg` 
 

UMFWCDG[ QCH]YCF UMYFCUCQCF

 

CQJC UCKC DMLCJGHCF


Bx? Qmscd fc`cs

 ictud 
wlmmzgfb  irnfdndnfstrgdsg

 Ujx? spgrnjmtrg, tms prnvndcsg irnfdgch, pjx

tms duhgt, rckgnhnbg, CBK
 

Umfbcrul dmlcjghcf tmrlckcp csjc?

- imrvcrgcsg, tgkcd kcpct kgkubc
 Rcfgtc yb sihjfyc csjc lcjgh, csjc↓

 Mdscsmricsg smrcfbcf pckc [Q GGG, pmrschgfcf

Umfbcrul csjc tlk dmlcjghcf?




Gfsgkmf cinrtus ↓
Dmhclgrcf prmjctur 

 IIHY 



Lgpndsgc fmfntus
Dmjctgcf giu
 

 Umfcfbcfcf?
  Lgfkcrg `cdtnr pmjgau smrcfbcf
 Nict-nictcf
 

[]IMYD]HNQGQ

Ckchcl gf`mdsg yb kgsmicidcf nhml icdtmrg Jyanicatmrguj

tuimrauhnsgs

Bmochc? ictud 6 1 jgfbbu

  fymrg kckc
  ictud kcrcl
  hmjcl kcf hmhcl
   fc`su jcdcf ↑
  kmjcj, imrdmrgfbct pk jchcj lcrg

Umfymicrcf? jmhchug ukcrc, tgkcd jmfuhcr jmhchug

 imricbg jcdcfcf

Umfbcrul dmlcjghcf pckc [IA?

 Ymcdtg`csg [IA pcru gfcdtg` tgkcd ↓ shj dmlcjghcf

Umfbcrul [IA pckc dmlcjghcf?

 Ighc kgnictg kb icgd, tkd imrpmfbcrul tlk dmlcjghcf

kcf smichgdfyc
  Ighc tkd kgnictg? IIHY, pmrschgfcf prmjctur
prmjctur,DJD,
,DJD,

 pm↓ dmjctgcf pmrgfctch

Umfcfbcfcf?
RLN 4 pmjimrgcf ; rmbgjmf gsnfgczgk,

rg`cjpgsgf, mtcjiutnh

Qtrmptnjyagf jrp DG pk dmlcjghcf,drf

ntntndsgd pk icyg