TUGAS KELOMPOK

PERSAMAAN DIFERENSIAL ORDE SATU

Untuk Memenuhi Salah Satu Tugas Mata Kuliah Persamaan Diferensial Biasa
Dosen pengampu:
Dr. H. Rippi Maya, M.Si.
Ida Nuraida, S.Si., M.PMat.

Disusun oleh Kelompok 3 Kelas 6A yang terdiri dari:

Alwi Humaidi 1172050012
Azka Rabbihadi Joe 1172050018
Clarisa Lestary Novandini 1172050021
Dina Nisa Firdaus 1172050030
Erina Tetriyani 1172050032

PROGRAM STUDI PENDIDIKAN MATEMATIKA

FAKULTAS TARBIYAH DAN KEGURUAN
UNIVERSITAS ISLAM NEGERI
SUNAN GUNUNG DJATI
BANDUNG
2020
Latihan 2.3.1 Halaman 16
Perhatikan persamaan diferensial berikut. Selidiki apakah persamaan diferensial tersebut
merupakan persamaan diferensial eksak. Bila ya, carilah solusinya. Bila tidak, jelaskan alasanmu.
3. 𝑦 𝑑𝑥 + 𝑥 𝑑𝑦 = 0
Penyelesaian:
1st: Let 𝑀 = 𝑦 and 𝑁 = 𝑥, then
𝜕𝑀 𝜕𝑁
=1=
𝜕𝑦 𝜕𝑥
The differential equations is exact.
2nd: 𝑢(𝑥, 𝑦) = ∫ 𝑀 𝑑𝑥 + 𝑘 (𝑦)
= ∫ 𝑦 𝑑𝑥 + 𝑘 (𝑦)
= 𝑥𝑦 + 𝑘(𝑦)

𝜕𝑢
To get 𝑘 (𝑦), do 𝜕𝑦, so we get:

𝜕𝑢 𝑑𝑘
=𝑥+ =𝑁=𝑥
𝜕𝑦 𝑑𝑦
𝑑𝑘
= 0 ⇒ 𝑘 (𝑦 ) = 0
𝑑𝑦
By other means, the exact differential equations is:
𝑢(𝑥, 𝑦) = 𝑥𝑦 = 𝑐
3rd: Derivate implicitly 𝑢 to 𝑥:
𝑥𝑦 = 𝑐
𝑦 + 𝑥𝑦 ′ = 0
𝜕𝑦
(𝑦 + 𝑥 ) =0
𝜕𝑥
𝑦 𝑑𝑥 + 𝑥 𝑑𝑦 = 0
𝑀 𝑑𝑥 + 𝑁 𝑑𝑦 = 0
The solution is correct.
Latihan 2.4.2 Hal 21
Selidikilah apakah fungsi F berikut ini merupakan faktor pengintegralan dari persamaan diferensial
yang diketahui. Bila ya, selesaikan masalah nilai awalnya

3. (𝑥 −1 𝑦 − 3)𝑑𝑥 + (3 − 2𝑦 −1 )𝑑𝑦 = 0, 𝑦(1) = −1, dan 𝐹 = 𝑥 2 𝑦 2 ,

Penyelesaian:
Insert F to equations
(2𝑥𝑦 3 − 3𝑥 2 𝑦 2 )𝑑𝑥 + (3𝑥 2 𝑦 2 − 2𝑥 3 𝑦)𝑑𝑦 = 0
1st: Let 𝑀 = 2𝑥𝑦 3 − 3𝑥 2 𝑦 2 ; 𝑁 = 3𝑥 2 𝑦 2 − 2𝑥 3 𝑦, then
𝜕𝑀 𝜕𝑁
= 6𝑥𝑦 2 − 6𝑥 2 𝑦 =
𝜕𝑦 𝜕𝑥
The equations is exact.
nd
2 : 𝑢(𝑥, 𝑦) = ∫ 𝑀 𝑑𝑥 + 𝑘 (𝑦)

= ∫(2𝑥𝑦 3 − 3𝑥 2 𝑦 2 )𝑑𝑥 + 𝑘 (𝑦)

= 𝑥 2 𝑦 3 − 𝑥 3 𝑦 2 + 𝑘(𝑦)
𝜕𝑢 𝑑𝑘
= 3𝑥 2 𝑦 2 − 2𝑥 3 𝑦 + = 𝑁 = 3𝑥 2 𝑦 2 − 2𝑥 3 𝑦
𝜕𝑦 𝑑𝑦
𝑑𝑘
= 0 ⇒ 𝑘 (𝑦 ) = 0
𝑑𝑦
So that differential equations is:
𝑢(𝑥, 𝑦) = 𝑥 2 𝑦 3 − 𝑥 3 𝑦 2 = 𝑐
3rd: Derivate implicitly 𝑢 to 𝑥:
𝑥 2𝑦 3 − 𝑥 3𝑦 2 = 𝑐
2𝑥𝑦 3 + 3𝑥 2 𝑦 2 𝑦 ′ − 3𝑥 2 𝑦 2 − 2𝑥 3 𝑦𝑦′ = 0
2𝑥𝑦 3 − 3𝑥 2 𝑦 2 + (3𝑥 2 𝑦 2 − 2𝑥 3 𝑦)𝑦 ′ = 0
𝜕𝑦
2𝑥𝑦 3 − 3𝑥 2 𝑦 2 + (3𝑥 2 𝑦 2 − 2𝑥 3 𝑦) =0
𝜕𝑥
(2𝑥𝑦 3 − 3𝑥 2 𝑦 2 )𝑑𝑥 + (3𝑥 2 𝑦 2 − 2𝑥 3 𝑦)𝑑𝑦 = 0
𝑀 𝑑𝑥 + 𝑁 𝑑𝑦 = 0
The Solution is correct.
Substitute 𝑦(1) = −1 to 𝑢:
(1)2 (−1)3 − (1)3 (−1)2 = 𝑐
𝑐 = −2
So we got:
𝑢(𝑥, 𝑦) = 𝑥 2 𝑦 3 − 𝑥 3 𝑦 2 = −2
Create Problem of Exact Differential Equation

(Modified from A First Course In Differential Equation With Modeling Applications which is
written by Dennis G. Zill from Example 1 of Exact Equation)

Check the solution of:

(𝑦 2 − 1)𝑑𝑥 + 2𝑥𝑦 𝑑𝑦 = 0

Solution:

1. Let 𝑀 = 𝑦 2 − 1; 𝑁 = 2𝑥𝑦, then:

𝜕𝑀 𝜕𝑁
= 2𝑦 =
𝜕𝑦 𝜕𝑥
The equations is exact.
2. Look for the solution:
𝑢(𝑥, 𝑦) = ∫ 𝑁 𝑑𝑦 + 𝑙 (𝑥 )

𝑢(𝑥, 𝑦) = ∫ 2𝑥𝑦 𝑑𝑦 + 𝑙(𝑥 )

𝑢(𝑥, 𝑦) = 𝑥𝑦 2 + 𝑙(𝑥)
𝜕𝑢
To get 𝑙 (𝑥 ), do 𝜕𝑥 , so we get:
𝜕𝑢 𝑑𝑙
= 𝑦2 + = 𝑀 = 𝑦2 − 1
𝜕𝑥 𝑑𝑥
𝑑𝑙
= −1 ⇒ 𝑙 (𝑥 ) = −𝑥
𝑑𝑥
The solution is:
𝑢(𝑥, 𝑦) = 𝑥𝑦 2 − 𝑥 = 𝑐
3. Check the solution:
𝑥𝑦 2 − 𝑥 = 𝑐
𝑦 2 + 2𝑥𝑦𝑦 ′ − 1 = 0
(𝑦 2 − 1) + 2𝑥𝑦𝑦 ′ = 0
𝜕𝑦
[(𝑦 2 − 1) + 2𝑥𝑦] =0
𝜕𝑥
(𝑦 2 − 1) 𝑑𝑥 + 2𝑥𝑦 𝑑𝑦 = 0
𝑀 𝑑𝑥 + 𝑁 𝑑𝑦 = 0
The solution is correct.
Create Problem of Integrating Factor

Inspired from A First Course In Differential Equation With Modeling Aplication which is
written by Dennis G. Zill from Example 1 of Exact Equations

Determine the integrating factor and look for the solution of equations:

𝑦 𝑑𝑥 + 2𝑥 𝑑𝑦 = 0

Solution:

Determine the integrating factor:

𝜕𝑀 𝜕𝑁
Let 𝑀 = 𝑦; 𝑁 = 2𝑥 ⇒ 𝑀𝑦 = = 1; 𝑁𝑥 = =2
𝜕𝑦 𝜕𝑥
From Theorem 2, we got:
𝑁𝑥 −𝑀𝑦
𝑑𝑦
𝐹 (𝑦 ) = 𝑒 ∫ 𝑀
2−1
∫ 𝑦 𝑑𝑦
𝐹 (𝑦 ) = 𝑒
1
∫ 𝑑𝑦
𝐹 (𝑦 ) = 𝑒 𝑦
𝐹 (𝑦) = 𝑒 ln 𝑦
𝐹 (𝑦 ) = 𝑦
Insert the integrating factor to equations:
𝑦 2 𝑑𝑥 + 2𝑥𝑦 𝑑𝑦 = 0
Looking for the solution of equations:
1. Let 𝑀 = 𝑦 2 ; 𝑁 = 2𝑥𝑦, then:
𝜕𝑀 𝜕𝑁
= 2𝑦 =
𝜕𝑦 𝜕𝑥
The equations is exact.
2. Look for the solution:
𝑢(𝑥, 𝑦) = ∫ 𝑁 𝑑𝑦 + 𝑙 (𝑥 )

𝑢(𝑥, 𝑦) = ∫ 2𝑥𝑦 𝑑𝑦 + 𝑙(𝑥 )

𝑢(𝑥, 𝑦) = 𝑥𝑦 2 + 𝑙(𝑥)
𝜕𝑢
To get 𝑙 (𝑥 ), do 𝜕𝑥 , so we get:
𝜕𝑢 𝑑𝑙
= 𝑦2 + = 𝑀 = 𝑦2
𝜕𝑥 𝑑𝑥
𝑑𝑙
= 0 ⇒ 𝑙 (𝑥 ) = 0
𝑑𝑥
The solution is:
𝑢(𝑥, 𝑦) = 𝑥𝑦 2 = 𝑐
3. Check the solution:
𝑥𝑦 2 = 𝑐
𝑦 2 + 2𝑥𝑦𝑦 ′ = 0
𝜕𝑦
(𝑦 2 + 2𝑥𝑦) =0
𝜕𝑥
𝑦 2 𝑑𝑥 + 2𝑥𝑦 𝑑𝑦 = 0
𝑀 𝑑𝑥 + 𝑁 𝑑𝑦 = 0
The solution is correct.