Apa yang Dimaksud dengan Conditional Sentence?

Conditional artinya bergantung pada kondisi saat seseorang berbicara.

Definisi conditional sentence adalah kalimat pengandaian saat seseorang ingin mengungkapkan suatu
kondisi yang berbeda dengan kenyataan. Contoh, “If the weather is nice, we can have a picnic.”

Dalam hal ini, kondisi tersebut mungkin saja berupa sesuatu yang bisa terjadi, atau bahkan
mustahil untuk terwujud.

Conditional sentence terdiri dari dua bagian, yaitu if-clause (klausa kondisi) dan result clause
(klausa hasil). Klausa kondisi menggambarkan kondisi atau situasi yang harus terpenuhi untuk
menghasilkan tindakan yang dijelaskan dalam klausa hasil.

Kapan Kita Bisa Menggunakan Kalimat Conditional Sentence?

Kalimat conditional dapat dipakai saat menghadapi situasi seperti:
 Menyatakan peristiwa yang tidak nyata; hanya seperti yang kita bayangkan,
 Mengungkapkan peristiwa yang mungkin terjadi di masa depan,
 Menunjukkan peristiwa yang tidak mungkin terjadi,
 Memperlihatkan kebenaran umum; kebiasaan yang sering terjadi,
 Memberitahu peristiwa masa lalu yang kejadiannya tidak sesuai harapan, lalu terjadi
penyesalan.

Umumnya, conditional sentence adalah kalimat yang dikenal juga sebagai if conditional.

Fungsi dari Conditional Sentence

Berdasarkan beberapa poin di atas, kita dapat menarik kesimpulan bahwa, fungsi conditional
sentence adalah untuk menyatakan hubungan sebab-akibat antara suatu kondisi atau situasi
tertentu dengan tindakan atau hasil yang mungkin terjadi atau tidak terjadi.

Apa Perbedaan If clause dan If conditional?

Pada artikel Types of Sentences: Jenis Kalimat Bahasa Inggris kita sudah mempelajari bahwa
sebuah kalimat minimal terdiri dari satu klausa, yaitu klausa utama (main clause/independent clause)
yang dapat berdiri sendiri.

Istilah “If clause” biasanya mengacu pada frasa yang dimulai dengan “if” dalam conditional
sentence, sedangkan “If conditional” bisa merujuk secara umum pada jenis-jenis conditional
sentence yang menggunakan frasa “if” kemudian diikuti oleh klausa lain.

Tipe Conditional Sentences dan Contohnya (Conditional Sentences

Types)
Types artinya tipe-tipe, conditional artinya pengandaian, dan sentence artinya kalimat. Exactly, pada
poin ini, yang akan kita bahas adalah tipe-tipe kalimat pengandaian yang biasa digunakan dalam
bahasa Inggris.

How many type of if clause? Kalau bertanya tentang berapa banyak jenis klausa if untuk
mengungkapkan khayalan dan pengandaian pada kondisi yang berbeda, jawaban secara umum
ada 4 conditional sentence types.
Tapi, di artikel ini English Academy akan membahas 5 tipe conditional sentences supaya
pengetahuan grammar kamu makin lengkap. Selain grammar, kamu juga akan bertemu dengan
beberapa tenses dalam bahasa Inggris.

1. Zero conditional sentence (Conditional Sentences Type 0)

Conditional sentence type 0 adalah kalimat untuk mengungkapkan kondisi berupa tindakan yang
bersifat kebenaran umum, pernyataan yang sebenarnya (general truth), atau kejadian yang biasa
terjadi.

Rumus conditional sentence type 0 adalah If + Subject + Verb 1, Subject + Verb 1

+ Complement yang mengadopsi formula dari simple present tense.

Contoh kalimat:

“Jika kamu menghabiskan makanan bekal, Ibuku akan merasa senang.”

“Ibu menenangkanmu jika kamu merasa takut.”
“Kalau warna merah dicampur dengan putih, pasti berubah jadi warna pink.”

Contoh conditional sentence type 0:

 If you eat your lunch box, mother feels happy.

(Jika kamu memakan kotak makan siang-mu, Ibu merasa bahagia.)
 Mother comforts me if Ifeel scared.
(Ibu menghibur saya jika saya merasa takut.)
 If red mixes with white, it definitely turns out pink.
(Jika merah bercampur dengan putih, pasti hasilnya jadi warna merah muda.)

2. First conditional sentence (Conditional Sentences type 1)

Pada conditional sentence type 1, kamu dapat mengungkapkan kondisi yang mungkin terjadi di masa
yang akan datang. Kalimat ini familiar juga dengan sebutan future conditional type 1 karena
menggunakan pola simple future tense.

Rumus conditional sentence type 1 adalah If + Subject + Verb 1, Subject + Will + verb 1 +
Complement.

Contoh kalimat:

“Jika kamu ada disini, aku akan mengatakan perasaanku.”

“Anto akan datang jika Putri mengundangnya ke pesta ulang tahun.”
“Kalau Desi dan Ratu telat makan malam, mereka akan masuk angin.”
 Dari tiga kalimat di atas, langsung kita buat contoh conditional sentence type 1 dengan struktur yang
benar:

If you are here, I will tell you my feelings.

Fakta: Kalau kamu ada di sini, mungkin aku berani mengungkapkan perasaanku. Kalau nggak
ada? Yah, nggak aku ungkapin.

Anto will come if Putri invites him to her birthday party.

Fakta: Anto bakalan datang ke pesta Putri jika diundang. Kalau nggak? Anto mungkin nggak
datang.
If Desi and Ratu have their dinner late, they will catch a cold.

Fakta: Desi dan Ratu nggak akan masuk angin jika mereka makan malam tepat waktu.

Sebagai catatan, conditional sentence type 1 ini bisa menggunakan selain will untuk
mengungkapkan kondisi yang mungkin terjadi. Kamu bisa juga memakai can, may, atau shall. Jadi,
rumus conditinal sentence yang digunakan adalah subject + modal (will, can, may, shall) + verb 1.

3. Second conditional sentence (Conditional Sentence Type 2)

Dalam conditional sentences, type 2 ini mengacu kepada kondisi yang tidak mungkin terjadi (untuk
saat ini atau masa depan).

Dalam grammar, situasi yang sifatnya tak pasti (uncertainty) dinyatakan dengan simple past tense.
Sehingga, tipe second conditional pada kalimat kondisional diungkapkan dengan rumus verb 2
pada if clause disertai would pada main clause. Kamu ingat, kan? Would adalah verb 2 dari kata
“will”.

Jadi, rumus conditional sentence type 2 adalah If + Subject + Verb 2, Subject + Would + Verb 1 +
Complement.
Contoh:

“Jika dia (perempuan) kaya, dia (perempuan) akan keliling dunia.”

“Kalau kamu berolahraga, kamu akan memiliki bentuk tubuh yang ideal”
“Kami akan merasa grogi jika kami bertemu Presiden.”

Dari ketiga contoh di atas, yuk kita ubah ke dalam contoh conditional sentence type 2 (contoh
kalimat pengandaian tipe 2) dengan struktur yang benar!

If she were rich, she would travel the world.

Fakta: Sekarang, dia (perempuan) belum kaya nih dan nggak mungkin untuk jalan-jalan keliling
dunia. Dia (perempuan) berandai-andai kalau dia adalah orang kaya, dia akan jalan-jalan keliling
dunia.

Catatan: Dalam conditional sentence, subjek yang bersifat singular seperti he, she,
it menggunakan to-be were, bukan was.

If you worked out, you would have an ideal body shape.

Fakta: Kamu nggak rajin olahraga ditambah dengan pola makan yang sehat, jadinya kamu nggak
mungkin punya bentuk tubuh yang ideal. Jadi, kamu ngayal dulu nih kalau kamu rajin olahraga.
We would feel nervous if we met the President.
Fakta: Kita tidak mungkin bertemu dengan Presiden. Jika bertemu secara langsung, kita akan
merasa sangat gugup!

4. Third conditional sentence (Conditional Sentence Type 3)

Conditional sentence type 3 adalah bentuk kalimat untuk mengungkapkan bahwa seharusnya ada
kondisi yang bisa terjadi di masa lalu, atau bisa juga untuk menyatakan situasi yang seharusnya
bisa saja tidak terjadi di masa lalu, tapi malah kejadian.

Maka dari itu, simple past perfect yang menggunakan verb 3 ditempatkan sebagai if clause,
dan would have yang dikenal juga sebagai rumus past future perfect tense digunakan pada main
clause sebagai keterangan ungkapan.

Jadi, rumus conditional sentence type 3 yaitu If + Subject + Had + Verb 3, Subject + Would Have +
Verb 3 + Complement.
Contoh kalimat:

“Jika kamu lebih hati-hati, kamu pasti tidak akan mengalami kecelakaan.”
“Sinta akan membantumu jika kamu memintanya.”
“Seandainya dia (laki-laki) tahu, dia tidak akan melakukannya.”

If you had been more careful, you wouldn’t have had an accident.
Fakta: Mengulang ke masa lalu, kalau kamu lebih hati-hati, nggak akan terjadi kecelakaan.
Berarti, waktu itu kamu ugal-ugalan sampai akhirnya terjadi kecelakaan.

Have pada kalimat di atas merupakan bagian dari past future perfect tense. Semua bentuk
kalimat perfect menggunakan variasi have (has/have/had) yang diikuti oleh kata kerja bentuk ketiga
(verb 3). Sementara itu, had pada kalimat di atas termasuk dalam verb 3 dari have, yang memiliki arti
memiliki/mendapatkan/mengalami.

Sinta would have helped you if you had asked for it.
Fakta: Karena kamu nggak meminta pertolongan ke Sinta, Sinta akhirnya nggak membantu.
Seandainya waktu itu kamu langsung meminta pertolongan, Sinta akan membantu kamu, kok.

Catatan: Walaupun subjek bersifat singular (He, she, it, atau 1 orang), would tetap ditemani
oleh have. Would di sini berfungsi sebagai modal auxiliary.

If he had known, he wouldn’t have done that.

Fakta: Seandainya saja dia (laki-laki) tahu, dia seharusnya nggak melakukan hal tersebut.
Nyatanya, dia nggak tahu apa-apa dan melakukan hal tersebut.
1. I’ll visit your town you have known
A. If I come back to Paris.
B. If I came to Paris.
C. If I’ll come back to Paris.
D. If I’d come back to Paris.

2. If I had had liberal to

A. I’ll watch the motion picture along with my friend.
B. I watched the motion picture with my friend.
C. I watched the motion picture along with my friends.
D. I’m looking at the motion picture along with my friends.

3. What’s the very fact of the previous sentence? (question no. 2)

A. I didn’t have free time. Therefore, I didn’t watch the motion picture with my friend.
B. I don’t have free time. Therefore, I don’t watch the motion picture with my friend.
C. I used to not have free time. Therefore, I used to not look at the motion picture along with my friend.
D. I’m not having free time. Therefore, I’m not looking at the motion picture along with my friend.

4. If I were you,________
A. I’ll obtain that edition iPhone.
B. I’d obtain that edition iPhone.
C. I’d have bought that edition iPhone.
D. I’m shopping for that edition iPhone.

5. What’s the very fact of the previous question? (question no.4)

A. I’m not you
B. I wasn’t you.
C. I used to be not you
D. I actually have not been you.

6. My mommy would obtain ME a replacement bike

A. If I passed the state university entrance check.
B. If I pass the state university entrance check.
C. If I actually have passed the state university entrance check.
D. If I’m passing the state university entrance check.

7. What’s the very fact of the previous sentence? (question no.6)

A. I didn’t pass the state university entrance check.
B. I didn’t pass the state university entrance check.
C. I wasn’t passing the state university entrance check.
D. I’m not passing the state university entrance check.

8. What’s the very fact of question no. 8?

A. I don’t go along with my folks 5 hours ago, thus one is alone right away.
B. I failed to go along with my folks 5 hours ago, thus I’m alone right away.
C. I used to not go with my folks 5 hours ago, thus I’m alone right away.
D. I’m not going with my folks 5 hours agone, thus I’m alone right away.

9. If Maria had obeyed her mother’s recommendation to simply accept the scholarship
A. She would have graduated from a famed university.
B. She is going to graduate from a famed university.
C. She graduated from a famed university.
D. She graduated from a famed university.
1. If we ….. (wake up) earlier, we would have reached school.
a. wake up
b. woke up
c. woken up
d. had woken up
2. Dinda would buy tens luxury houses if she ….. (win) the lottery.
a. win
b. wins
c. won
d. had won
3. If you cook vegetables for long time, they ….. (lose) their nutrients.
a. lose
b. loses
c. had lose
d. would lose
4. If I ….. (finish) my assignment tonight, I will go to Mall with my friends.
a. finish
b. finishes
c. would finish
d. had finished
5. If the Sun rises on the west, the world ….. (end)
a. end
b. ends
c. ended
d. will end
6. I would never lend to you if I ….. (know) before.
a. know
b. knows
c. knew
d. had known
7. They ….. (bring) the cake if the baker had finished it.
a. brought
b. had brought
c. would brought
d. would have brought
8. If Rafli gets score more than 90, his mom ….. (buy) PS 4 for him.
a. buy
b. buys
c. will buy
d. would buy
9. Dinda would erase all policies she hated if she ….. (be) a president.
a. was
b. being
c. to be
d. were
10. Nothing is going to change my love for you if you always ….. (love) me too.
a. love
b. loves
c. loving
d. will love
11. These months will be so silent if Corona ….. (not;leave) soon.
a. not leave
b. don’t leave
c. doesn’t leave
d. had left
12. 2020 graders would do National Examination if corona ….. (go) away.
a. goes
b. went
c. gone
d. had gone
13. If my brother and I finish the homework this evening, we ….. (watch) TV tonight.
a. can watch
b. could watch
c. can be watched
d. could be watched
14. They ….. (win) the match if the had trained harder.
a. won
b. had won
c. would won
d. would have won
15. If my brother ….. (study) hard, he would have passed the exam well.
a. studies
b. had study
c. had studied
d. have studied
16. Indonesian people would be safe from corona if they ….. (keep) healthy environment.
a. keep
b. kept
c. keeping
d. had kept
17. The cock crows if morning ….. (come).
a. come
b. comes
c. came
d. had come
18. You will never earn money if you just ….. (stay) at home doing nothing.
a. stay
b. stays
c. stayed
d. staying
19. If I were rich, I ….. (collect) many branded bags.
a. collected
b. would collect
c. had collected
d. would collected
20. If today is your birthday, I ….. (give) you present.
a. give
b. gives
c. will give
d. would give
21. We would get the tickets, …..
a. Weren’t there so much rush at the cinema
b. Because there were so much rush at the cinema
c. There were not so much rush at the cinema
d. Although there were so much rush at the cinema
22. Fortunately you assisted to push the car. If you hadn’t helped him, he ….. with you.
a. will get angry
b. would have gotten angry
c. should angry
d. would get angry
23. “If Rani were not busy at the moment, she would go out with me.” From this utterance we know that Rani …..
with her.
a. goes
b. went
c. didn’t go
d. doesn’t go
24. If the students ….. late to submit the scholarship application to the board, they will not be listed as
candidates.
a. be
b. are
c. were
d. have
25. If your brother ….. here, he ….. us with this works.
a. is – would help
b. was – will help
c. were – will help
d. were – would help

26. You ….. the job if you were not late to the interview.
a. would get
b. would be gotten
c. would have gotten
d. would have been gotten

27. ….. her shyness, she would have become a great teacher.
a. She had overcome
b. If had she overcome
c. If she overcame
d. If she would overcome
28. If we don’t hurry, the meeting ….. by the time we get there.
a. would have started
b. will have started
c. will be started
d. will start
29. “If I had a lot of time, I would study German.” From this sentence we know that ……
a. I have a lot of time, so I study German
b. I studied German because I had a lot of time
c. I want to study German because I have a lot of time
d. I would like to study German, but I don’t have much time
30. I will visit your hometown …..
a. If I come to Indonesia.
b. If I came to Indonesia
c. If I will come to Indonesia
d. If I would come to Indonesia
31. If I had had free time …..
a. I will watch the movie together with my friend.
b. I would watch the movie together with my friend.
c. I would have watched the movie together with my friends.
d. I would have been watching the movie together with my friends.
32. What is the fact of the previous sentence? (question no. 2)
a. I didn’t have free time. Therefore, I didn’t watch the movie together with my friend.
b. I don’t have free time. Therefore. I don’t watch the movie together with my friend.
c. I was not having free time. Therefore, I was not watching the movie together with my friend.
d. I am not having free time. Therefore. I am not watching the movie together with my friend.
33. If I were you, …..
a. I will buy that limited edition camera.
b. I would buy that limited edition camera.
c. I would have bought that limited edition camera.
d. I would have been buying that limited edition camera.
34. “If I were you, …..” It means that ….
a. I am not you
c. I were not you.
b. I was not you
d. I have not been you.
35. My father would buy me a new motorcycle …..
a. If I passed the state university entrance test.
b. If I pass the state university entrance test.
c. If I have passed the state university entrance test.
d. If I am passing the state university entrance test.
36. If I had gone with my parents five hours ago to our villa, ………..
a. I would not be alone right now.
b. I will not be alone right now.
c. I am not alone right now
d. I was not alone right now.
37. What is the fact of question no. 8?
a. I do not go with my parents five hours ago, so 1 am alone right now.
b. I did not go with my parents five hours ago, so I am alone right now.
c. I was not going with my parents five hours ago, so I am alone right now.
d. I am not going with my parents five hours ago, so I am alone right now.
[Link] Maria had obeyed her mother’s advice to accept the scholarship,…..
a. She would have graduated from famous university.
b. She will graduate from famous university.
c. She graduates from famous university.
d. She graduated from famous university.
39. “If I passed the state university entrance test, My father would buy me a new motorcycle.” It means that …
a. I don’t pass the state university entrance test.
b. I didn’t pass the state university entrance test.
c. I wasn’t passing the state university entrance test.
d. I am not passing the state university entrance test.
40. If you called me, I would see you. This means …
a. You call me and I don’t see you
b. You don’t call me so I don’t see you
c. I see you but can’t reply you
d. I see you but you don’t call me

41. Dialog Conditional Sentence

Woman: Why don’t you take the bus to work? Driving in rush hour traffic is terrible.
Man: I would, but I’m afraid there will not be any seats left by the time the bus gets to my stop.

Why does the man not want to go by bus?

a. The man takes the bus to work.
b. The man wants the woman to go with him.
c. The woman prefers driving in the rush hour.
d. The woman wants to ride to work with man.
E. The man has to stand on the bus if he takes it to work.

42. Dialog Conditional Sentence

Man : How does it feel if I press here?
Woman : Oh, that hurts.
Man : I see. You have an appendix. We’ll have an operation immediately.

Which part of her body hurts?

a. Stomach
b. Eye
c. Ear
d. Throat

43. Dialog Conditional Sentence

Woman : James, I need one hundred more bed shield and pillow cashes of any color. Can you deliver them this
week?
Man : Sure but the price is increasing about 10%. Will you still make an order?
Woman : If that’s so, I have to tell this to my boss. I’ll give you a call after lunch.

What is the woman going to do?

a. Talk to her boss.
b. Cancel the order.
c. Ask for a discount
d. Look for another supplier.

44. Dialog Conditional Sentence

Man : What are we going to do after work?
Woman : We can have dinner at the plaza at 7 if you like.
Man : Sounds good. I’ll pick you up at 6.30. We need half an hour to get there.

Where will they probably be at six forty-five?

a. At the Plaza.
b. In the office
c. Still at work
d. On the way to the Plaza

45. Dialog Conditional Sentence

Man : Do you still have a seat for the afternoon flight?
Woman : Let me see. Is Qantas OK?
Man : I prefer Garuda if it is available.

What is the man doing?

a. He is having a meeting
b. He is reserving a ticket
c. He is flying with Garuda
d. He is sitting down for afternoon tea

46. Dialog Conditional Sentence

Woman : Do you mind if I use your pen to sign this paper?
Man : Just a moment. I haven’t finished writing my curriculum vitae.

What does the woman want?

a. To borrow a pen.
b. To buy some paper,
c. To write an article,
d. To finish her writing.

47. Dialog Conditional Sentence

Woman : Do you mind if I use your computer?
Man : No. Please shut it down after you finish.
Woman : I will. Thank you.

You will read : What will the man do?

a. Finish his work.
b. Lend his computer.
c. Borrow the computer.
d. Shut down the laptop.

48. Dialog Conditional Sentence

Man: I have toothache. What should I do?
Woman: ………………..

The woman’s suggestion is proper, except…

a. If I were you, I would go to the dentist.
b. Why don’t you go to the dentist?
c. I would suggest to take pain killer pills. Maybe it will help?
d. I’m sorry I never had toothache.
49. Dialog Conditional Sentence
Doctor: ….. smoking if you don’t want to get sick.
Patient: Yes sir, I will try.
a. What if you stop
b. You should stop
c. How about
d. Maybe you can stop

50. Dialog Conditional Sentence

Aldo : Did you attend the meeting last Monday?
Fery : I would if I had been invited.

Fery’s statement means ……

a. Fery didn’t attend the meeting
b. Fery plans to attend the meeting
c. Fery knew about the meeting and he attended the meeting
d. Fery was not invited to the meeting but he came