FLUID MECHANICS

MM091333
Diah Susanti, Ph.D

TUJUAN PEMBELAJARAN
Memberi

pengertian kepada mahasiswa tentang

macam-macam fluida, ruang lingkup mekanika
fluida, konsep-konsep dasar mekanika fluida,
teori dan pemecahan persoalan statika fluida,
persamaan-persamaan dasar dalam bentuk
integral untuk volume atur dan pengenalan
analisa differensial gerakan fluida, aliran tak
kental dan tak termampatkan, aliran kental
untuk
aliran internal dan aliran external,
analisa dimensi dan keserupaan

KOMPETENSI:
Mahasiswa mampu memahami dan
menghitung persoalan-persoalan di dalam
mekanika fluida: teori fluida, fluida statis,
persamaan dasar dalam bentuk integral
untuk suatu Control Volume, analisa
diferensial untuk pergerakan fluida, dan
analisa dimensi dan keserupaan

SILABUS:
Konsep

dasar mekanika fluida

Fluida Statis
Persamaan dasar dalam bentuk integral
untuk suatu Control Volume
Pengenalan analisa differensial gerakan
fluida
Incompressible Inviscid Flow
Analisa dimensi dan keserupaan

SUMBER BAHAN AJAR:

Robert

W. Fox & Alan T Mc Donald,

Introduction to Fluid Mechanics, Fourth
Edition, New York: John Wiley & Sons,
1994 (main reference)
Frank M. White, Fluid Mechanics, second
Edition, McGraw-Hill International Editions,
1986
Irving H.Shames, mechanics of fluids, third
edition, McGraw-Hill International Editions,
1992
dll

BAHAN AJAR (FOX et.al.):

Chapter

1: Introduction (week 1)
Chapter 2: Fundamental Concepts (week 2, 3)
Chapter 3: Fluid Statics (week 4, 5, 6)
Chapter 4: Basic Equations in Integral Form
for a Control Volume (week 7,8,11)
Mid-term exams (week 9, 10)
Chapter 6: Incompressible Inviscid Flow (week
12,13,14)
Chapter
7:
Dimensional
Analysis
and
Similitude (week 15, 16)
Final exams (week 17, 18)

KULIAH SYARAT:
FISIKA

DASAR
KALKULUS

EVALUASI:
Tugas-tugas:

PR, Quiz 30%

ETS

35%
EAS 35%
Sifat ujian: Open Note
Kehadiran

Mahasiswa: min 85% = 3x absen

(Peraturan Akademik ITS)
Kehadiran dosen: min 90%
Kehadiran

dan keaktifan membantu penilaian

STRATEGI BELAJAR:
Punya

sumber belajar.
Rajin mengulang materi kuliah di rumah.
Mengerjakan tugas dan memahami tugas.
Mengerjakan soal-soal secara mandiri
tanpa diminta dosen.
Mengerjakan dan mempelajari soal-soal
tahun sebelumnya.
Belajar bersama asisten mata kuliah
Belajar bersama teman.

KONTRAK KELAS:
Maximum

keterlambatan adalah 15 menit dari jadwal

yang disepakati. Ruangan akan dikunci setelah 15 menit.
HP dan seluruh alat elektronik lain di-silence selama
kuliah.
Dilarang keluar-masuk kelas selama kuliah, kecuali
diijinkan oleh dosen.
Keterlambatan di dalam mengumpulkan tugas tidak dapat
ditoleransi.
Harus membawa kalkulator dan alat tulis sendiri. Tidak
diperkenankan menggunakan non-scientific calculator
termsk hp, dsb.
Harus membawa sumber bahan ajar dalam bentuk fisik
(hard copy) selama kuliah.
Segala bentuk kecurangan di dalam pelaksanaan ujian
akan menyebabkan pembatalan mata kuliah.
Dilarang berbuat onar di kelas.
Pelanggaran dari ketentuan di atas akan menyebabkan
Anda diperkenankan untuk belajar sendiri di luar kelas.

FLUID

 Fluid

mechanics deals with the behavior of fluid at rest

and in motion.
A fluid is a substance that deforms continuously under
the application of a shear (tangential) stress no matter
how small the shear may be.
A solid can resist shear stress by a static deformation; a
fluid cannot. Any shear stress applied to a fluid will
result in motion of that fluid.
Therefore fluids comprise the liquid and gas phases.
Static deflection

solid

free surface

liquid

gas

plate
solid

liquid

to t1 t2

t2 >t1>to

plate
Behavior of (a) solid (b) liquid, under the action of a constant shear
stress.
A

solid deforms when a shear stress is applied, but its

deformation does not continue to increase with time.
The deformation is proportional to the applied shear
stress, = F/A, where A is the area of the surface in
contact with the plate.
When the force applied to the upper plate, the fluid
element continues to deform increasingly as long as the
force is applied. The fluid in direct contact with the solid
boundary has the same velocity as the boundary itself;
there is no slip at the boundary.

Logical Steps in solving problems:

1.
2.
3.

4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.

State briefly and concisely the information given.

State the information to be found.
Draw a schematic of the system or control
volume to be used in the analysis. Give label to
the boundaries of the system or control volume.
Give the appropriate mathematical formulation of
the basic laws to solve the problem.
List the appropriate assumptions.
Complete the analysis algebraically before
substituting numerical values.
Substitute numerical values using a consistent
units.
Check the answer.
Label the answer.

Fluid

mechanics lecture gives knowledge

and understanding of the basic principles
and concepts of fluid mechanics to
analyze any system in which a fluid is the
working medium.
The basic laws which are applicable to any
fluid, are:
1. The conservation of mass.
2. Newtons second law of motion.
3. The principle of angular momentum.
4. The first law of thermodynamics.
5. The second law of thermodynamics.

Methods of Analysis
System and control volume.
A

system is defined as a fixed, identifiable quantity of

mass; the system boundaries separate the system
from the surroundings. The boundaries of the system
may be fixed or movable; however, there is no mass
transfer across the system boundaries.
However, in
fluid mechanics we normally are
concerned with the flow of fluids through devices such
as compressors, turbines, pipelines, nozzles, and so
on. In these cases it is difficult to focus attention on a
fixed identifiable quantity of mass. It is much more
convenient, for analysis, to focus attention on a
volume in space through which the fluid flows.
Consequently, we use the control volume approach.

System boundary

piston

gas
A system

Flow direction

Control surface
Control volume

Closed System - usually referred to

as a System or a Control Mass.
This type of system is separated from
its surroundings by a physical
boundary

Open System - usually referred to

as a Control Volume. In this case,
in addition to work or heat, we have
mass flow of the working fluid across
the system boundaries through inlet
and outlet ports.