Mikroba Penyebab Infeksi

Akut dan Khronis

Setio Harsono
Dept / SMF Mikrobiologi Klinik
FK Unair / RSUD.Dr.Soetomo
I. MIKROBA PENYEBAB INFEKSI AKUT

No. Bakteri Penyakit

1. Coccus Gram Positif :

* Staphylococcus:
- S.aureus - Abscess
(MRSA,VISA,VRSA)
Osteomyelitis
Cellulitis
- S.epidermidis - Infeksi
oportunis
- S.saprophyticus - ISK
Scalded skin syndrome
Osteomyelitis
 Staphylococcal cellulitis
 Staphylococcal cellulitis
 Staphylococcal wound infection
Diabetic Gangrene
Staphylococcus aureus Endocarditis
Brain abscess
Cerebral abcess
Necrotic Infection Tumor Mammae
InfectedTumor Mammae
* Streptococcus:

- S.pyogenes - Pharyngitis
- Tonsilitis
- Necrotizing fasciitis
- S.viridans - SBE
- S.agalactiae - Meningitis
- S.faecalis = - Infeksi oportunis
( Enterococcus faecalis ) Vancomycin
Resistant Enterococcus = VRE
S.pyogenes infection (flesh eating bacteria)
Necrotizing fasciitis
 Necrotizing fasciitis
Streptococcal Endocarditis
Mitral Endocarditis
2. Coccus Gram Negatif :

* Neisseria:

- N.gonnorhoeae - Gonorrhoe
- N.meningitidis - Meningitis
- Vasculitis
Gonoblenorrhoeae (Opthalmia neonatorum)
 Meningococcemia vasculitis
 Meningococcemia vasculitis
3. Batang Gram Positif

* Listeria:
- L.monocytogenes - Granulomatosis
infantiseptica
* Corynebacterium:
- C.diphtheriae - Diphtheri

* Sporeforming aerobe:
* Bacillus:
- B.anthracis - Anthrax
Diphtheri (Pseudomembran)
Bacillus anthracis
* Sporeforming anaerobe:
* Clostridium:
- C.tetani - Tetanus
- C.perfringens - Myonecrosis
- C.dificille - Pseudo
membranous
colitis
- C.botulinum - Food
poisoning
Myonecrosis
Tetanus
Clostridial gasgangrene
Clostridium dificille pseudomembranous colitis
4. Batang Gram Negatif :

* Haemophilus:
- H.influenzae - Bronchitis
- Pneumonia
- H.ducreyi - Ulcus molle

* Bordetella:
- B.pertusis - Pertusis
Pertusis
* Enterobacteriaceae:
- Salmonella:
-S.typhi - Typhoid fever
-S.paratyphi - Paratyphoid
fever
- Shigella:
-S.dysenteriae - Dysenteri
-S.boydii - Dysenteri
-S.sonei - Dysenteri
-S.flexneri - Dysenteri
- Klebsiella:
-K.pneumoniae (ESBL), (KPC) - Pneumonia
- Escherichia:
-E.coli (ESBL) - Gastroenteritis, ISK,
Sepsis
- Acinetobacter:
-Acinetobacter baumannii - Pneumonia
( VAP )
(MDRO) - Sepsis
- Yersinia:
-Y.enterocolitica - Enterocolitis
-Y.pestis - Plaque

* Vibrio :
-V.cholerae - Cholera
-V.parahaemolyticus - Gastroenteritis
Acute Bacterial Nephritis
Acute Cystitis
 * Pseudomonas:
- P.aeruginosa (MDRO) -
Septicemia
- ISK
- Burn
infection
* Helicobacter:
- H.pylori - Gastritis
* Campylobacter:
- C.jejuni - Enteritis

* Francisella:
- F.tularensis - Tularemia
Burn infection
 Pseudomonas Infection
 Pseudomonas infection
* Brucella:
- B.melitensis - Brucellosis

* Pasteurella:
- P.multocida - Septicemia
- Meningitis

* Nonsporeforming anaerobe:
- Bacteroides:
-B.fragilis - Peritonitis
Brucella Endocarditis
Animal Bite
Animal Bite
5. Batang Gram Variable :

* Legionella:
- L.pneumophila - Pneumonia

* Gardnerella:
- G.vaginalis - Vaginosis
6. Non Gram Stain ( Pewarnaan khusus) :

* Chlamydia : Giemsa stain

- C.psittaci - Pneumonia
- C.trachomatis - Trachoma
- LGV

* Mycoplasma : Giemsa stain

- M.pneumoniae - Pneumonia
- Ureaplasma urealyticum - ISK
* Rickettsia : Immunoflourescens
staining.
- R.prowazekii - Epidemic typhus
- R.rickettsii - Rocky Mountain
Spotted fever

* Spirochaeta : Silver
impregnation
- Leptospira : bentuk Spiral
-L.icterohaemorrhagiae - Weils
(L.interrogans) disease
II. MIKROBA PENYEBAB INFEKSI KHRONIS

No. Bakteri Penyakit

1. Acid Fast Stain :

* Mycobacterium :
- M.tuberculosis -
Tuberculosis
- M.leprae - Lepra
Partial Acid Fast Stain :
* Nocardia : bentuk
Branching
-N.asteroides -
Nocardiasis
 Spondylitis tuberculosa
Gibbus (Spondylitis Tuberculosis)
2. Spirochaeta : Silver impregnation
* Treponema : bentuk Spiral

- T.pallidum - Syphilis

3. Gram Positif Anaerobe :

* Actinomycetes: GMS staining
bentuk Branching

- A.israelii - Actinomycosis
Actinomyces sulfur granules
Oral-Maxillo Infection
Wound Infection
 Surgical wound infection
 Wound infection
 Post-surgical infection
Ulcus decubitus (Nosocomial infection)