Dr.Mariaman Tjendera,M.Kes
SEJARAH KESEHATAN KERJA
2
Agricola 1556 menulis buku De Re Metalica
Paracelcus 1569 menulis buku Von der Bergsucht
und Anderen Bergkrankheiten
Keduanya-duanya menggambarkan pekerjaan- Agricola (ca 1556)
3
KESEHATAN KERJA
ADALAH :
4
Definisi Kesehatan Kerja (ILO/WHO 1995)
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UNIBA HAZARD AND RISK FACTORS IN THE WORKPLACE 2015
LINGKUNGAN KERJA :
FAKTOR-FAKTOR BAHAYA YANG MEMPENGARUHI
KESEHATAN TK :
1. FISIKA (BISING,GETARAN,CAHAYA,IKLIM
KERJA,RADIASI,TEKANAN)
2. KIMIA (CAIRAN, UAP, GAS, KABUT, ASAP DEBU)
3. BIOLOGI (BAKTERI, VIRUS, JAMUR,
SERANGGA,PARASIT)
4. ERGONOMI (SIKAP TUBUH, PERGERAKAN,
REPETITIVE MOVEMENT,PENCAHAYAAN, DLL)
5. PSIKOLOGI (TEKANAN KERJA,KEBOSANAN,
LEMBUR, KERJA PD HARI LIBUR, HUBUNGAN KERJA
DLL)
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UNIBA HAZARD AND RISK FACTORS IN THE WORKPLACE 2015
Surveillance
International Labour Office,Technical and Ethical Guidelines for Workers Health Surveillance,Geneva, 2-9
September 1997
Surveillance of the working environment is a generic
term which includes the identification and evaluation of
environmental factors which may affect workers' health.
It covers assessments of sanitary and occupational
hygiene conditions, factors in the organization of work
which may pose risks to the health of workers, collective
and personal protective equipment, exposure of workers
to hazardous agents and control systems designed to
eliminate and reduce them. From the standpoint of
workers' health, the surveillance of the working
environment may focus on, but not be limited to,
ergonomics, accident and disease prevention,
occupational hygiene in the workplace, work
organization, and psycho-social factors in the
workplace.
International Labour Office,Technical and Ethical Guidelines for Workers Health Surveillance,Geneva, 2-9
September 1997
MEKANISME PEMANTAUAN KESEHATAN KERJA
HEALTH SURVEILLANCE
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UNIBA HAZARD AND RISK FACTORS IN THE WORKPLACE 2015
Health Surveillance
ILO, Encyclopedia of Occupational Health and Safety, Fourth Edition, Volume I, Geneva, 1998
INTERAKSI PEKERJA LINGKUNGAN KERJA
(ILO,1983)
Environment
disease Diagnosis
Unhealthy
treatment
1. Mengenal faktor-2 resiko
2. Mengontrol
3. Evaluasi secara efektif
Healthy Person
What is Biological Monitoring?
Hippuric Acid
OH
CH3 COOC6H9O6
4-Nitrobiphenyl
alpha-Naphthylamine
Methyl chloromethyl ether
3,-Dichlorobenzidine (and its salts)
bis-Chloromethyl ether
beta-Naphthylamine
Benzidine
4-Aminodiphenyl
Ethyleneimine
beta-Propiolactone
2-Acetylaminofluorene
4-Dimethylaminoazo-benzene
N-Nitrosodimethylamine
Vinyl chloride
Inorganic arsenic
Lead
Cadmium
Benzene
Coke oven emissions
Bloodborne pathogens
Cotton dust
1,2-dibromo-3-chlorpropane
Acrylonitrile
Ethylene oxide
Formaldehyde
Methylenedianiline
1,3-Butadiene
Methylene chloride
Occupational exposure to hazardous
chemicals in laboratories
OSHA Standards with Medical Examination or Surveillance Requirements, Title 29 Code of Federal
Regulations (CFR) Part 1910
Dokter Umum Dokter Kesehatan Kerja
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UNIBA HAZARD AND RISK FACTORS IN THE WORKPLACE 2015
Pemeriksaan Kesehatan Tenaga Kerja
Jaminannya ?
Pemkes Berkala :
Mempertahankan derajat kesehatan TK dalam pekerjaan
Menilai pengaruh pekerjaan seawal mungkin
Usaha-usaha pencegahan
Pemkes Khusus :
Anamnese
Pemeriksaan Fisik
Laboratorium Rutin
Pemeriksaan Khusus : Thorax foto,
spirometri,Audiometri, ECG,
Tes Alergi, Kultur faeces, biological
monitoring, dll
Health Risk Assestment
FAKTOR FISIK
Kepmenaker
13/MEN/X/2011 TAHUN 2011 >85 dB
AUDIOMETRY NIHL
FAKTOR FISIK
Vibration Acceleration
GETARAN
Meter
Kepmenaker
13/MEN/X/2011 TAHUN 2011
Hand Vibration
Permenaker
13/MEN/X/2011 TAHUN 2011 Gas, Uap Debu
Penurunan Hb
Darah
Kesimpulan Pemeriksaan Awal:
I. Sehat
II. Sakit Penyakit Umum
III. Penyakit kibat Kerja
IV. Diduga Penyakit Akibat Kerja, perlu pemeriksaan
lanjutan :
Pemerksaan Khusus/Biological Monitoring
Monitoring ingkungan
Pencatatan :