Nafsu makan 2 2 2 6
Sakit perut 2 1 2 5
Lemas 3 1 1 5
Pucat 5 2 3 10
Hepatomegali 4 1 1 6
Splenomegali 4 2 4 10
Purworejo
Kupang
Jayapura
Serang
Malaria pada anak di RSCM
1999-2004
P. falciparum: 68.4 %
P.vivax: 26.3 %
Treatment
Choloroquine + SP: 73.6%
Quinine: 26.3%
TATALAKSANA KASUS MALARIA
Antimalarial drug
Artemisinin Artesunate (IV):
derivatives Loading dose: 2.4 mg/kg
Followed 1.2 mg/kg at 12 hours
Then 1.2 mg/kg daily for 6 days
Artemether (IM):
Loading dose: 3.2 mg/kg
Followed by 1.6 mg/kg daily for 5
days
Arteether (deep IM):
150 mg OD for 3 days in adults
Note: If the patiEnt is able to swallow, the daily dose can be given orally
SPECIFIC ANTIMALARIAL CHEMOTHERAPY IN
SEVERE MALARIA
Antimalarial drug
Quinine Loading dose:
Quinine dihydrochloride 20mg salt/ kg BW diluted in
10 ml/kg BW (2mg/ml) of 5% dextrose or dextrose
saline
given by IV infusion over a period of 4 hours
Maintenance dose:
10mg salt/ kg BW diluted in 10 mg/kg BW (1mg/ml)
of 5 % dextrose or dextrose saline IV
Infused over a period of 2 hours, repeated every 12
hours
Oral quinine:
Quinine sulphate 10mg salt/kg, 8 hourly
to complete a 7 day course treatment
Pengobatan komplikasi
Malaria serebral Ikterus
Anemia berat Asidosis metabolik
Hipoglikemia Black Water
Syok hipovolemi Hiperparasitemia
Gagal ginjal akut Edema paru
Perdarahan Distress
pernafasan
Pengobatan pencegahan
1. Klorokuin untuk P. vivax
5mg/kgbb/minggu, 1 minggu sebelum pergi s/d 4
minggu setelah kembali
Aman untuk dipakai 2-3 tahun, sebaiknya tidak lebih
dari 3-6 bulan.
Efek samping: gangguan saluran cerna
2. Doksisiklin
Tidak dapat diberikan pada anak < 8 tahun
Dosis: 1,5 mg/kgbb/ hari
PROPHYLACTIC DOSES
Drug Formula Dose
Chloroquine Tablet 300 mg 5 mg base bw/week
(max. 300mg/day) until 4
weks after arrival
Mefloquine Tablet 228 mg <15kg: 5 mg/ week
15-19 kg; ¼ tb/ week
20-30 kg ; ½ tb/ week
31-45; ¾ tb/week
> 45 kg: 1 tb /week
PROPHYLACTIC DOSES
Drug Formula Dose
100 mg capsul > 8 th: 2 mg/bw; until 100 mg/day
Doxycyclin
100 mg salt 5-8 kg: ¼ tb/d
Proguanil
9-16 kg: ½ tb/d
17-24 kg: ¾ tb/d
25-35 kf: 1 tb / d
36-50 kg: 1 + ½ tb/d