INTERPRETATION
pH [H+]
PCO2 Partial pressure CO2
PO2 Partial pressure O2
HCO3 Bicarbonate
BE Base excess
SaO2 Oxygen Saturation
Acid/Base Relationship
H2O + CO2 H2CO3 HCO3 + H+
BUFFER
H2CO3 NaHCO3
Carbonic acid base bicarbonate
Normal
Respiratory
acidosis
Respiratory Normal
Alkalosis
Metabolic Normal
Acidosis
Metabolic Normal
Alkalosis
TERKOMPENSASI PENUH
pH paco2 Hco3
Resp.Acidosis Normal
but<7.40
Resp.Alkalosis Normal
but>7.40
Met. Acidosis Normal
but<7.40
Met. Alkalosis Normal
but>7.40
TERKOMPENSASI SEBAGIAN
pH PaCO2 HCO3
Res.Acidosis
Res.Alkalosis
Met. Acidosis
Met.Alkalosis
CARA MUDAH MEMBACA
1. Lihat pH
2. Lihat CO2
3. Lihat HCO3
4. Bandingkan CO2 atau
HCO3 dengan pH
5. Apakah CO2 atau HCO3
berlawanan dengan pH
6. Lihat pO2 dan saturasi
O2
CASE STUDY
J is a 45 years old female admitted with the severe attack
of asthma. She has been experiencing increasing shortness
of breath since admission three hours ago. Her arterial
blood gas result is as follows:
pH : 7.22
paCO2 : 55
HCO3 : 25
pH is low – acidosis
paCO2 is high – in the opposite direction of the pH.
Hco3 is Normal.
Respiratory Acidosis
Need to improve ventilation by oxygen therapy,
mechanical ventilation, pulmonary toilet or by
administering bronchodilators.
EXAMPLE
Mr. D is a 55 years old admitted with recurring
bowel obstruction has been experiencing
intractable vomiting for the last several hours.
His ABG is:
pH : 7.5
paCO2 :42
HCO3 : 33
Metabolic alkalosis
Management: IV fluids, measures to reduce
the excess base
It’s not magic understanding ABG’s,
it just takes a little practice!
Practice ABG’s
1. PaO2 90 SaO2 95 pH 7.48 PaCO2 32 HCO3 24
2. PaO2 60 SaO2 90 pH 7.32 PaCO2 48 HCO3 25
3. PaO2 95 SaO2 100 pH 7.30 PaCO2 40 HCO3 18
4. PaO2 87 SaO2 94 pH 7.38 PaCO2 48 HCO3 28
5. PaO2 94 SaO2 99 pH 7.49 PaCO2 40 HCO3 30
6. PaO2 62 SaO2 91 pH 7.35 PaCO2 48 HCO3 27
7. PaO2 93 SaO2 97 pH 7.45 PaCO2 47 HCO3 29
8. PaO2 95 SaO2 99 pH 7.31 PaCO2 38 HCO3 15
9. PaO2 65 SaO2 89 pH 7.30 PaCO2 50 HCO3 24
10. PaO2 110 SaO2 100 pH 7.48 PaCO2 40 HCO3 30
What is
going on?
Silahkan dikerjakan!!!
Any Questions?
THANK YOU SO MUCH