POTENSIAL KLB
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Jakarta 20 Juni 2019
Sistematika
1. Latar belakang
3. Alur Pelaporan
4. Tantangan
Penyakit infeksi new-emerging
dan re-emerging :
Memerlukan penelaahan risiko
karena dapat menimbulkan risiko
kepedulian dan kedaruratan
kesehatan masyarakat dan atau TANGGAP
keresahan masyarakat. NASIONAL
Menyebar secara cepat lintas
wilayah maupun lintas negara
Berpotensi sebagai senjata
biologi
Mampu memberikan dampak
besar ekonomi
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Sumber : Paparan Dirjen P2PL 2010
IHR (2005) Core Capacities
Core Capacities :
- Policy and legislation
- Risk Communication
- Coordination
– Detection
- Surveillance
– Verification
- Human Resource – Investigation
- Laboratory – Report
- Response – Response
BSL 2/3
- Tersangka Campak , Rubella Lab Rujukan
- Tersangka Pertusis Sentinel / sub
- Tersangka Difteri nasional
- dll
- Diare Akut - Diare
berdarah
- Malaria Konfirmasi
- Suspect Demam Dengue
- Hepatitis A & E
- Chikugunya
Lab Lokal/Daerah
- Pneumonia - Leptospirosis
- Demam Typoid - dll
LABORATORIUM
MITIGASI
DAN
SURVEILANS PENANGANAN
WABAH
SISTEM
LABORATORIUM
NASIONAL
TECHNOLOGY AKTIVITAS
DEVELOPMENT
LABORATORIUM
OUTBREAK /
SURVEILLANCE
CAPACITY BUILDING
ACCREDITATION ISO/WHO
Penguatan Laboratorium
One of the best methods of laboratory
strengthening is to implement a quality
management system that complies with the
requirements of the international quality
standard, ISO 15189.
It may help laboratories to fulfil the requirements
of the standard to enable achievement of
accreditation
Implementasi Quality Management System
Phase 1: Ensuring that the primary process of the laboratory operates correctly and
safely
Phase 2: Controlling and assuring quality and creating traceability
Phase 3: Ensuring proper management, leadership and organization
Phase 4: Create continuous improvement and prepare for accreditation
https://extranet.who.int/lqsi
1. Implementasi Elemen Dasar
Practically the major activities of phase 1 include:
Formation of a quality project team
Upgrading background knowledge of quality management
amongst staff and management
Development of Standard Operating Procedures for
laboratory tests and equipment to assure that testing is
performed in a standardized way, according to a defined
methodology and with adequate adherence to safety rules
Establishment of an equipment maintenance system
Upgrading laboratory biosafety with appointment of a
biosafety officer, biosafety training to all staff, biosafety
assessment and introduction of a biosafety manual
2. Implementasi Quality Manajement System
QMS : Quality Control + Quality
Quality assurance is implemented with establishment of:
An adequate stock and ordering system in which
incoming supplies are checked for compliance with
quality requirements
A document control system and information
management system to create traceability of
laboratory information
Standard Operating Procedures for all processes
performed in the laboratory
3. Manajemen dan Kepemimpinan
Setting up a policy cycle based on a proper
vision and mission that feed into the planning of
the laboratory. With management review and
drafting of new plans based on the outcomes the
policy cycle is closed
Documenting the quality management system:
development of a quality manual
Setting up an internal audit system
Validation of examination procedures
4. Plan – Do – Check - Act
Establishment of a complaint handling system
Establishment of a nonconformity management system
Validation of equipment
Failure mode and effect analysis for risk management
Continuous competency improvement of staff:
establishment of a continuing education programme and
performance appraisal
Organizing an external (mock) audit to identify and
resolve the remaining non compliances with ISO 15189
Jejaring Laboratorium Diagnosis
Penyakit Infeksi New-Emerging dan
Re-Emerging
(Permenkes Nomor 658/MENKES/PER/VIII/2009)
Pemeriksaan Laboratorium
• MERS-Cov
• HFMD (Penyakit Kuku dan Mulut) Swab Hidung; Swab Tenggorok , & Dahak,
Faeces & Usap Dubur, swab vesikel serum
• Campak/Rubella • Difteri
Darah/Serum; Swab Tenggorok; Urine Swab Tenggorok dan Swab Hidung
• Ebola
• Chikungunya/ZIKA Darah dalam Vaccutainer tutup ungu dan
Darah/Serum, urine tutup kuning
• Hepatitis A • Pertusis
Usap Nasofaring
Darah/Serum; Swab Dubur
• Antraks
Swab Luka (Antraks kulit), Aspirat Paru
(Antraks Pulmonary)
Jejaring Laboratorium EID Nasional
JEJARING LABORATORIUM YANG TELAH ADA
•
Laboratorium Leptospirosis : RSUP Dr. Kariadi Semarang
Tersangka demam
3 Puskesmas/RS Rumah Sakit setempat
dengue
4 Pneumonia RS Laboratorium Propinsi
Diare berdarah atau
5 RS Laboratorium Propinsi
Disentri
Laboratorium
6 Tersangka demam tifoid Puskesmas/RS Propinsi/Rumah Sakit
setempat
Sindrom jaundis akut
7 RS Laboratorium Propinsi
(hepatitis A dan E)
8 Tersangka chikungunya RS Laboratorium Propinsi
No Penyakit potensi KLB Laboratorium pemeriksa Laboratorium rujukan
9 Tersangka flu burung - Lab Rujukan flu Balitbangkes
pada manusia burung
- EQA baik : RSHS,
BBTKL Jakarta, BLK
Bali, BBTKL Surabaya,
Litbangkes (BBLK &
BBTKL)
10 Tersangka campak - BBLK Surabaya, Biofarma,
Badan Litbangkes,
BLK Yogyakarta
11 Tersangka difteri RS/ Lab Provinsi BBLK Surabaya
(dalam proses)
12 Tersangka pertusis RS/ Lab Provinsi Balitbangkes dan BBLK
Jakarta
13 AFP (lumpuh layuh - BBLK Surabaya, Biofarma,
mendadak) Badan Litbangkes
14 Kasus gigigitan - -
hewan penular rabies
15 Tersangka antraks - Laboratorium veteriner
untuk konfirmasi pada
spesimen hewan tertular
No Penyakit potensi KLB Laboratorium Laboratorium rujukan
pemeriksa
16 Tersangka leptospirosis RS/ Lab Nasional : RSUP Kariadi Semarang,
Provinsi Regional : BBPVRV Salatiga Balitvet
IPB Bogor.
17 Tersangka kolera RS/ Lab Laboratorium Propinsi, konfirmasi ke
Provinsi Badan Litbangkes
18 Klaster penyakit yang - Badan Litbangkes
tidak lazim
19 Tersangka RS/ Lab Laboratorium Propinsi
meningitis/ensepalitis Provinsi
20 Tersangka tetanus - Tidak memerlukan konfirmasi
neonatorum laboratorium
21 Tersangka tetanus - Tidak memerlukan konfirmasi
laboratorium
22 ILI (Influenza-like - lab rujukan nasional : Balitbangkes
Illness) lab regional :
(Mikrobiologi FKUI, Biomolekuler
UNUD, FK UNDIP, FK UISU , BBTKL
Jakarta, BBLK Palembang,
Mikrobiologi FK UNHAS)
23 Tersangka HFMD (Hand, - Balitbangkes
foot and mouth disease)
Alur Koordinasi dan Pelaporan
Pasien Rawat
Klinik Swasta/
Fasyankes Jalan Rumah Sakit
private di desa
Puskesmas
Laboratorium
Unit Surveilans Puskesmas
Puskesmas
Laboratorium
Unit Surveilans Kabupaten/ Kota
Kabupaten/ Kota
Laboratorium
Propinsi
Unit Surveilans Propinsi
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National Laboratory for Infectious Diseases Research
Center for Biomedical and Basic Technology of Health
NIHRD – MOH – Republic of Indonesia