PERKEMBANGAN TEKNOLOGI

GSM dan TEKNOLOGI 3G

ASRI WULANDARI ST, MT

GPRS
 I. Sistim GPRS
• Secara umum General Packet Radio Service atau GPRS adalah suatu teknologi
yang memungkinkan pengiriman dan penerimaan data lebih cepat jika
dibandingkan dengan penggunaan teknologi Circuit Switch Data atau CSD.
• Jaringan GPRS merupakan jaringan terpisah dari jaringan GSM dan digunakan
untuk aplikasi data.Komponen-komponen utama jaringan GPRS adalah :
– GGSN; gerbang penghubung jaringan GSM ke jaringan internet
– SGSN; gerbang penghubung jaringan BSS/BTS ke jaringan GPRS
– PCU; komponen di level BSS yang menghubungkan terminal ke jaringan
GPRS
• Secara teori kecepatan pengiriman data GPRS dapat mencapai 115 kb/s.
Namun dalam implementasinya sangat tergantung dari berbagai hal seperti :
– Konfigurasi dan Alokasi time slot di level Radio/BTS
– Teknologi software yang digunakan
– Dukungan ponsel
• Ini menjelaskan mengapa pada saat-saat tertentu; di lokasi tertentu; akses
GPRS terasa lambat; dan bahkan bisa lebih lambat dari akses CSD yang memiliki
kecepatan 9,6 kb/s
Perbedaan GSM dgn GPRS
I.1. GPRS Architecture Network Diagram
Konfigurasi Sistim GPRS
 Arsitektur Dasar Jaringan GPRS dalam GSM

BSC SGSN GGSN

Gb Gn Gi
P
C
PDN
BTS U

Gc
BTS Gf Gr

Gs
MS G
R MSC DATABASE
D
EIR&AUC HLR
VLR

RAN NETWORK CORE NETWORK

SGSN Serving GPRS Suport Node

User Data and Signalling
GGSN Gatew ayGPRS Support Node
PDN Public Data Netw ork Signalling
 Fungsi Komponen GPRS
• SGSN ( Serving GPRS Support Node)
– mengantarkan packet data ke MS
– Update pelanggan ke HLR
– Registrasi pelanggan baru

• GGSN ( Gateway GPRS Support Node )

– Interface ke PDN
– Information Routing
• transfer data dari PDU ke SGSN
– Network Screening
– User Screening
– Address Mapping
 I.2. PCU

LLC : Logical Link Control RLC : Radio Link Control

TRAU : Transcoder and Rate Adaptation Unit
New Core Equipment
I.3. GPRS Mobile Equipment
I.4. GPRS Attach
I.5.GPRS Routing Area Update
I.6. Notion PDP Context
PDP Context Activation
I.7. Data Transfer
Routing of Data Packet GPRS
I.8. GPRS Dimensioning
Timeslot sharing
GPRS Network Protocol Stack
Physical Layer
 I.10. Skema Coding Sistem GPRS

• Skema coding untuk kanal-kanal trafik logik GPRS

Seperti terlihat pada tabel diatas, teknologi GPRS memiliki empat buah skema coding yaitu CS-1,
CS-2, CS-3, dan CS-4. Skema coding ini digunakan untuk kanal-kanal trafik logik, dimana masing-
masing channel coding mempunyai bit rate yang berbeda. Nilai throughput tiap skema coding
diperoleh dengan membagi besarnya data yang dikirim dengan panjang satu frame kanal logika
(4 burst data) sebesar 20 ms, untuk setiap pengiriman data. Teknik channel coding ini telah
distandarisasi oleh ETSI pada GSM 05.03.
II.11. EDGE
EDGE Network
Dimensioning principle : Transmission
3G
 3G Overview
• 3G is created by ITU-T and is called IMT-2000
 Evolution from 2G
2G IS-95 GSM- IS-136 & PDC

GPRS
IS-95B
2.5G
HSCSD EDGE

Cdma2000-1xRTT W-CDMA
3G Cdma2000-1xEV,DV,DO EDGE
TD-SCDMA
Cdma2000-3xRTT
3GPP2 3GPP
 Service Roadmap
Improved performance, decreasing cost of delivery

Broadband
3G-specific services take
in wide area
advantage of higher bandwidth
and/or real-time QoS Video sharing
Video telephony
A number of mobile Real-time IP
services are bearer Multitasking multimedia and games
independent in nature WEB browsing Multicasting
Corporate data access
Streaming audio/video
MMS picture / video
xHTML browsing
Application downloading
E-mail
Voice & SMS Presence/location
Push-to-talk
Typical
average bit GSM GPRS EGPRS WCDMA HSDPA
rates 9.6 171 473 2 1-10
(peak rates
higher) kbps kbps kbps Mbps Mbps
2000 1x
CDMA

CDMA

CDMA
EVDO

EVDV
2000-

2000-
 GSM Evolution to 3G (3GPP)
High Speed Circuit Switched Data
Dedicate up to 4 timeslots for data connection ~ 50 kbps
Good for real-time applications c.w. GPRS
Inefficient -> ties up resources, even when nothing sent
Not as popular as GPRS (many skipping HSCSD)

Enhanced Data Rates for Global Evolution

GSM Uses 8PSK modulation
HSCSD
9.6kbps (one timeslot) 3x improvement in data rate on short distances
GSM Data Can fall back to GMSK for greater distances
Also called CSD Combine with GPRS (EGPRS) ~ 384 kbps
Can also be combined with HSCSD
GSM GPRS
WCDMA
General Packet Radio Services
Data rates up to ~ 115 kbps EDGE
Max: 8 timeslots used as any one time
Packet switched; resources not tied up all the time
Contention based. Efficient, but variable delays
GSM / GPRS core network re-used by WCDMA (3G)
3G Architecture Network Switching
Systems
Mobile Switching
Center (MSC)
berfungsi sebagai
switch dan
penghubung dengan
jaringan fixed.

Home Location
Register (HLR)
HLR merupakan
database yang berisi
data-data pelanggan
yang tetap.

Visitor Location
Register (VLR)
VLR merupakan
database yang berisi
Radio Network informasi sementara
System mengenai pelanggan,
terutama saat lokasi
RNC (Radio Network dari pelanggan diluar
Node B
Controller) cakupan area
Node B adalah unit fisik
RNC bertanggungjawab jaringan HLR-nya
untuk
manajemen sumber radio
mengirim/menerima
yang tersedia pada Node B
frekuensi pada sel.
yang ditanganinya.
 UMTS
• Universal Mobile Telecommunications System
(UMTS)
• UMTS is an upgrade from GSM via GPRS or
EDGE
• The standardization work for UMTS is carried
out by Third Generation Partnership Project
(3GPP)
• Data rates of UMTS are:
– 144 kbps for rural
– 384 kbps for urban outdoor
– 2048 kbps for indoor and low range outdoor
• Virtual Home Environment (VHE)
UMTS Frequency Spectrum
• UMTS Band
– 1900-2025 MHz and 2110-2200 MHz for 3G
transmission
– In the US, 1710–1755 MHz and 2110–
2155 MHz will be used instead, as the
1900 MHz band was already used.
 UMTS Architecture
Base Station
Network Subsystem
Mobile Station Subsystem Other Networks

MSC/ GMSC
BSC VLR PSTN
BTS
ME
SIM

EIR HLR AUC PLMN

RNS
GGSN
SGSN
Node RNC Internet
ME B
USIM

UTRAN
+
SD

Note: Interfaces have been omitted for clarity purposes.

 UMTS Network Architecture
• UMTS network architecture terdiri atas 3
bagian :
– Core Network (CN): Provide switching, routing
and transit for user traffic
– UMTS Terrestrial Radio Access Network
(UTRAN): Provides the air interface access
method for user equipment.
– User Equipment (UE): Terminals work as air
interface counterpart for base stations. The
various identities are: IMSI, TMSI, P-TMSI, TLLI,
MSISDN, IMEI, IMEISV
 UTRAN
• Wide band CDMA technology is selected for UTRAN air
interface
– WCDMA
– TD-SCDMA
• Base stations are referred to as Node-B and control
equipment for Node-B is called as Radio Network
Controller (RNC).
– Functions of Node-B are
• Air Interface Tx/Rx
• Modulation/Demodulation
– Functions of RNC are:
• Radio Resource Control
• Channel Allocation
• Power Control Settings
• Handover Control
• Ciphering
• Segmentation and reassembly
3G Network
3G UMTS Procedures
Interfaces
3G Typical Implementation
3GPP Connection Terminology
3G Connection Terminology
NodeB Initialization Examples
RRC Connection
RRC Connection Establishment
Key Fields in RRC Communication
Message
Key Fields in NBAP Communication
Message
Key Fields in ALCAP Communication
Message
Registration Signaling Comparison
Voice call Setup Signaling comparison