Dr. Bambang-Update Panduan Tatalaksana TB, TB MDR, TB Laten
Dr. Bambang-Update Panduan Tatalaksana TB, TB MDR, TB Laten
, SpPD-
KP
Tempat/Tanggal Lahir : Sleman, 3 November 1960
Email : bambangsigit_r@yahoo.com
Pekerjaan : KSM/Sub.Bag. Pulmonologi, Bag. Ilmu
Penyakit Dalam FK UGM/RSUP Dr. Sardjito,
Yogyakarta
Jabatan : Kepala KSM Paru RSUP Dr. Sardjito, Yogyakarta
Kepala Instalasi Rawat Jalan, RSUP Dr. Sardjito,
Yogyakarta
www.who.int/tb/data
Regimen TB MDR
Pengobatan TB MDR diberikan minimal 20 bulan
dimana minimal 6 bulan fase intensif dengan paduan obat
pirazinamid, etambutol, kanamisin, levofloksasin,
etionamid, sikloserin dan dilanjutkan 18 bulan fase
lanjutan dengan paduan obat pirazinamid, etambutol,
levofloksasin, etionamid, sikloserin (6Z-(E)-Kn-Lfx-Eto-
Cs/18Z-(E)-Lfx-Eto-Cs). Etambutol dan pirazinamid dapat
diberikan namun tidak termasuk obat paduan standar, bila
telah terbukti resisten maka etambutol tidak diberikan.
Regimen Terapi Lebih Pendek
Terapi MDR TB selama 9-12 bulan
• Pasien dengan resisten rifampicin atau multidrug-
resistant TB yang sebelumnya belum pernah diterapi
dengan OAT lini kedua dan pada pasien yang tidak
resisten terhadap fluorokuinolon serta OAT injeksi lini
kedua
Regimen Terapi Lebih Pendek
Fase Inisial (4 bulan)
• 6 bulan jika tidak konversi
• Regimen: Gatifloxacin (atau Moxifloxacin),
Kanamycin, Prothionamide, Clofazimine, Isoniazid
dosis tinggi, Pyrazinamide, dan Ethambutol
Fase Lanjutan (5 bulan)
• Regimen: Gatifloxacin (atau Moxifloxacin),
Clofazimine, Etambutol, dan Pyrazinamide.
Regimen Terapi Lebih Pendek
Rifampin (RIF) RIF often causes cholestatic icterus and increases liver toxicity effect of INH
Pyrazinamide (PZA) PZA causes some hepatotoxicity episodes less often than INH but sometimes in more
severe degree and longer period despite of anti-tuberculosis drugs withdrawal.PZA causes
the most severe liver disorder.
Etionamid Etionamind and Paraaminosalicilate (PAS) also have hepatotoxicity effect
PAS
Fluoroquinolones Some fluoroquinolone like Ciprofloxaxin and Moxifloxacin are also related to liver
damage. Travafloxacin is related to severe liver damage.
Etambutol, Rarely cause liver damage
Aminoglycoside,
Cycloserine,
Levofloxacin
MDR TB in pregnancy
• Pregnancy is not a contraindication to treatment MDR TB.
• Starting therapy drug resistance in trimesters 2 or as soon as possible if the
patient's condition is very bad.
• Most majority of teratogenic effects of TB drugs appeared in the first
trimester, therapy may be delayed until the second trimester.
• Avoid injection drug.
• Aminoglycosides not used as a regimen in patients with pregnancy fetal
hearing development.
• Capreomycin may also have the same risk associated ototoxicity
• Ethionamide increase the risk of nausea and vomiting and has teratogenic
effects
Management in pregnancy
General principles
• Consider Benefits and risks of treatment
• Treat with three or four second-line anti-TB
drugs plus pyrazinamide
• Avoid injectable agents
• Avoid ethionamide
• Consider termination of pregnancy if the
mother’s life is compromised
TB Drugs in Pregnancy
Rohilla, et al, Case Report Multidrug-Resistant Tuberculosis during Pregnancy: Two Case Reports and Review of the Literature, Case Reports in
Obstetrics and Gynecology Volume 2016, Article ID 1536281,
TB Drugs in Pregnancy
• ‘Safe drugs’
• Isoniazid, rifampicin, ethambutol, PZA
• Unclear
• Fluoroquinolones, cycloserine/terizidone, PAS
• Avoid if possible
• Injectables, ethionamide/prothionamide
Treatment outcome for and current status of
women with multidrug resistant tuberculosis
Peripheral Neuropathy Cyclosporine, Linezolid, INH, Nutritional status and vitamin Patient with Diabetes Mellitus has
Streptomycin, Kanamycin, deficiency correction, pyridoxin got chronic complication of
Capreomycin, Floroquinolone addition to maximal dose (200 neuropathy and it will get more
mg/day) severe with anti MDR TB
Drug dose adjustment to the severity administration. But this is not a
of side effect contraindication and drug
NSAIDs, acetaminophen,or trycyclic withdrawal is barely done.
antidepressant addition