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SIX SIGMA
(The Concept & Meaning)
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LATAR BELAKANG SIX SIGMA
1978 Karena rugi, Motorolla menjual unit usaha TV ke Matsushita.
Kerugian ini karena masalah mutu
Quality
% Defect DPMO
(Defects Per
(Sigma) Million Opportunities)
69,7700 1 697.700
30,854 2 308.537
6,681 3 66.807
0,621 4 6.210
0,023 5 233
0,00034 6 3,4
99.99966%
Dimana posisi kita ?
Kapan bisa mencapai 6 Sigma? Shifted
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Two Meanings of “Sigma”
Istilah “sigma” digunakan untuk
__________________________________
__________________________________
_______________________________
Untuk suatu bisnis atau proses manufaktur,
Sigma Capability (z-value) adalah ____________
_______________________________________________
Makin tinggi sigma capability, makin baik.
Sigma Capability mengukur kapabilitas dari proses untuk
menampilkan pekerjaan yang defect-free. Suatu
defect adalah semua yang menghasilkan ketidakpuasan
pelanggan.
As defects
the Sigma Capability
go down... D goes up
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• __________________________________________
__________________________________________
_______________________________________
• __________________________________________
________________________________________
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• Warranty
• Scrap
Total Sales
• Rework
• Rejects
TANGIBLE
• More Setups
• Expediting costs
INTANGIBLE • Lost sales
• Late delivery
Lost Opportunity
• Lost Customer Loyalty
• Long cycle times
Hidden Factory
• Engineering change orders
Definisi sigma
• Customer Responsiveness/Communication
• Market Place Competitiveness - Product/ Price/
Value
• On-Time, Accurate, and Complete Customer
Deliverables
• Product/Service Technical Performance
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Harvesting the Fruit of Six Sigma sigma
Sweet Fruit
Design for Six Sigma
Process Entitlement
Bulk of Fruit
Process Characterization
And Optimization
Ground Fruit
Logic & Intuition
5-sigma to 6-sigma
Design for Six Sigma
Need Continuous Data
4-sigma to 5-sigma
Process Characterization & Optimization
Need Continuous Data
3-sigma to 4-sigma
Low Hanging Fruit
Collect little bits of data
Seven Basic Tools
Discrete Data OK
Up to 3-sigma
Logic and Intuition
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FOCUS OF SIX SIGMA
Y= f (X)
Y X1...Xn
Dependent Independent
Output Input- Process
Effect Cause
Symptom Problem
Monitor Control
Y = f (X)
Define
1. Customer expectations of the process?
Measure
2. What is the frequency of defects?
Analyze
3. Why, when, and where do defects occur?
Improve
4. How can we fix the process?
Control
5. How can we make the process stay fixed?
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Focus
Customers
Value
Quality, Cost 6 Manuf.
Design
Time
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Kenapa Six Sigma ?
1 2 3 4 5 1 2 3 4 5
Accurate
Accurate but
butnot
not Precise
Precisebut
butnot
not
Precise (Variation)
Precise (Variation) Accurate
Accurate(Off
(Offtarget)
target)
1 2 3 4 5
Precise
Preciseand
and
Accurate
Accurate (Ontarget)
(On target)
Desire
LSL T USL
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Kenapa Six Sigma ?
1) Memusatkan
proses ke arah
Target
2) Mengurangi
variabilitas
proses
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(PHASE) (DESKRIPSI) (FOCUS) (TOOL)
Identifikasi CTQ proyek
Infrastruktur
Six Sigma
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• Champions
• Master Black Belt
• Black Belt
• Green Belt
• All Employee
CHAMPIONS
KUALIFIKASI
KUALIFIKASI ::
•• SENIOR
SENIOREXECUTIVE
EXECUTIVE/ /MANAGER:
MANAGER:
VICE
VICEPRESIDENT,
PRESIDENT,DIREKTUR
DIREKTURPRODUKSI
PRODUKSI/ /MARKETING
MARKETING
•• FAMILIAR
FAMILIAR DENGAN
DENGAN BASIC
BASIC && ADVANCE
ADVANCE STATISTIC
STATISTIC
TOOLS
TOOLS
# YANG DIBUTUHKAN :
# YANG DIBUTUHKAN :
1 CHAMPION PER SBU / MANUFACTURE SITE
1 CHAMPION PER SBU / MANUFACTURE SITE
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PERAN CHAMPIONS
KUALIFIKASI
KUALIFIKASI ::
•• CHIEF
CHIEFENGINEER
ENGINEER/ /HEAD
HEADOF
OFCUSTOMER
CUSTOMERSERVICE
SERVICE
•• MASTER
MASTERDIDIBIDANG:
BIDANG:
BASIC
BASICAND
ANDADVANCE
ADVANCESTATISTICS
STATISTICSTOOLS
TOOLS
## YANG
YANGDIBUTUHKAN
DIBUTUHKAN: :
11MASTER
MASTERBLACK
BLACKBELT
BELTPER
PER30
30BLACK
BLACKBELT
BELT
6
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sigma
Management advisor
Facilitator
Application
discoverer
Trainer
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sigma
BLACK BELTS
KUALIFIKASI
KUALIFIKASI : :
• • ENGINEER
ENGINEER/ /ADMINISTRATOR
ADMINISTRATORDENGAN
DENGAN
PENGALAMAN
PENGALAMANKERJAKERJA>>55THN
THN
• • MASTER
MASTERDI
DIBIDANG
BIDANGBASIC
BASICSTATISTIC
STATISTICTOOLS
TOOLS
## YANG
YANGDIBUTUHKAN
DIBUTUHKAN::
11BLACK
BLACKBELT
BELTPER
PER100
100KARYAWAN
KARYAWAN
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sigma
GREEN BELTS
KUALIFIKASI
KUALIFIKASI : :
• • LATAR
LATARBELAKANG
BELAKANGTEKNIKAL
TEKNIKAL/ /SUPPORT
SUPPORT
• • POSISINYA
POSISINYAMENUNTUT
MENUNTUTKETRAMPILAN
KETRAMPILAN
PEMECAHAN
PEMECAHANMASALAH
MASALAH
• • FAMILIAR
FAMILIAR DENGANBASIC
DENGAN BASICSTATISTICS
STATISTICS
TOOLS
TOOLS
## YANG
YANGDIBUTUHKAN
DIBUTUHKAN: :
11GREEN
GREENBELT
BELTPER
PER20
20KARYAWAN
KARYAWAN
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1 2
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Menjalankan tugas
rutin di proses
dan area kerjanya
Men-support Black
Belts dalam Membantu line management
menyelesaikan memastikan perbaikan yang
proyek dicapai dapat dipertahankan
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CROSS-FUNCTIONAL TEAM
• Part-time
• Menetapkan visi, arahan, • Project specific
mengintegrasikan per-
baikan, monitor hasil. Project Team
• Memimpin perubahan Executive
Members
• Part-time
• Membantu Black
All Belts
employee
• Project Owner
• Implements solutions Champions • Memahami visi
Green Belts
• Menerapkan konsep
• Black Belt manager
ke dalam pekerjaan-
nya
High
Te
ch
ni
ca
lS
Soft Skills ki
lls
Low
Black Belt Master Champion Executive
Black Belt
Sumber : “What Every Supervisor Should Know : The Basic of Supervisory Management,”
McGraw Hill, 4th Edition, by Lester R. Bitel.
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%
%
100 -
90 -
80 -
70 -
60 -
50 -
40 -
30 -
20 -
10 -
0-
Executive Project Line Six Six Black Master
Managers Team Manage- Sigma Sigma Belt Black Belt
Members ment Green Senior
Belt Mgmt.
Leader
Job Role
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