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P R O G R AM S T U D I P R O F E S I AP O T E K E R
ISTN
 Seorang pasien masuk rumah sakit
dengan diagnosis Febril Neutropenia,
dokter memberikan terapi cefoprazon
sulbactam dengan amikasin.
KASUS 1
Kebetulan stok di instalasi farmasi rumah
sakit sedang kosong, yang ada adalah
cefepim.

Apakah cefepim dapat menggantikan

cefoprazom sulbactam + amikasin
tersebut? Buktikan dengan bukti ilmiah!

A R AI C O P H A R M A C E U T I C A L | VAC C I NE S
Febril
Febrile neutropenia (FN) merupakan salah satu efek samping
dari kemoterapi yang disebabkan oleh supresi hematopoesis
yang menyebabkan neutropenia ditambah dengan faktor
Neutropenia pencetus lain seperti infeksi.

Secara lebih spesifik, FN didefinisikan sebagai temperatur di atas 38,3oC

pada sekali pengukuran suhu oral atau suhu 38,0o C dalam jangka waktu
lebih dari 1 jam dengan hitung jenis neutrofil kurang dari 500/mm3 atau
hitung jenis neutrofil kurang dari 1000/mm3 dengan prediksi terjadi
penurunan sampai 500/mm3 dalam waktu 48 jam.

Penyebab neutropenia: infeksi, obat-obatan, radioterapi,

kemoterapi, hipersplenism, penggantian sumsum tulang,
anemia, kegagalan sumsum tulang, anemia hipoplastik,
defisiensi nutrisi, vitamin B12 dan defisiensi folat, serta
neutropenia siklik

A R A I C O P H A R M A C E U T I C AL | VA C C I N E S
Pengobatan Febril Neutropenia
• Obat lini pertama empiris terapi antibiotik pada pasien Febril
Neutropenia risiko tinggi, yaitu cefepime, ceftazidime,
carbapenem (meropenem atau imipenemcilastatin), atau
piperacillintazobactam, dan cefoperazone/ sulbactam (CS).

• Cefepime adalah antibiotik sefalosporin generasi keempat

dengan spektrum aktivitas yang lebih luas terhadap gram
negatif bakteri (GNB) termasuk Pseudomonas, bakteri gram
positif (GPB) dibandingkan sefalosporin generasi ketiga
lainnya; waktu paruh eliminasi yang lama dan efek samping
yang lebih sedikit menjadikannya terapi antibiotik empiris
yang cocok untuk pasien FN (Sanders, 1993)

• Cefepime vs. cefoperazone/sulbactam dalam kombinasi

dengan amikasin sebagai terapi antibiotik empiris pada
febrile neutropenia
 Vaccines are extremely cost-effective, giving kids a healthy
start in life and supporting the economic and educational
foundations of entire communities. They directly lead to a
healthy workforce, which is so critical to long-term
development and prosperity in all countries.

— Seth Berkley

A R A I C O P H A R M A C E U T I C A L | VA C C I N E S
 IMPACT OF IMMUNIZATION

2 to 3 million
Deaths prevented per annum

Presentations are communication tools that can be used as demonstrations, lectures,

speeches, reports, and more. It is mostly presented before an audience. It serves a variety
of purposes, making presentations powerful tools for convincing and teaching.

A R A I C O P H A R M A C E U T I C A L | VA C C I N E S
In order to create a
stunning presentation

It's best to simplify your thoughts. Start with an outline of

topics and identify highlights, which can be applied to
whatever subject you plan on discussing.

You can then organize them into your introduction, your

main content, and your conclusion. Make sure you do
enough research to support your points.

A R AI C O P HA R M A C E U T I C A L | VAC C I NE S
 The Race for New Vaccines

Presentations are communication tools that can be used as
demonstrations, lectures, speeches, reports, and more. It is
mostly presented before an audience. It serves a variety of
purposes, making presentations powerful tools for
convincing and teaching.
It is mostly presented before an audience. It serves a variety of purposes, making
presentations powerful tools for
convincing and teaching.
To create a stunning presentation, it's best to simplify your thoughts. Start with an
outline of topics and identify highlights, which can be applied to whatever subject
you plan on discussing.

A R A I C O P H A R M A C E U T I C A L | VA C C I N E S
Traditional
Vaccine
Development
To create a stunning presentation
It's best to simplify your thoughts. Start with an outline of
topics and identify highlights, which can be applied to
whatever subject you plan on discussing.
You can then organize them into your introduction, your
main content, and your conclusion. Make sure you do
enough research to support your points.
Accelerated
Vaccine
Development
To create a stunning presentation
It's best to simplify your thoughts. Start with an outline of
topics and identify highlights, which can be applied to
whatever subject you plan on discussing.
You can then organize them into your introduction, your
main content, and your conclusion. Make sure you do
enough research to support your points.
 Key Opportunities
A favorable landscape

Urgency Necessity Timing Support Impact

A R A I C O P H A R M A C E U T I C AL | VAC C I N E S
Clinical
Development

Phase 1: Phase 2: Expanded trial Phase 3:

Limited Trial Large-scale trial

Presentations are communication tools Presentations are communication tools Presentations are communication tools
that can be used as demonstrations, that can be used as demonstrations, that can be used as demonstrations,
lectures, speeches, reports, and more. It is lectures, speeches, reports, and more. It is lectures, speeches, reports, and more. It is
mostly presented before an audience. mostly presented before an audience. mostly presented before an audience.

A R A I C O P H A R M A C E U T I C A L | VA C C I N E S
 Criteria
for success

Safety Efficacy Scalability Affordability

Presentations are Presentations are Presentations are Presentations are

communication tools that communication tools that communication tools that communication tools that
can be used as can be used as can be used as can be used as
demonstrations, lectures, demonstrations, lectures, demonstrations, lectures, demonstrations, lectures,
speeches, reports, and speeches, reports, and speeches, reports, and speeches, reports, and
more. more. more. more.

A R A I C O P H A R M A C E U T I C A L | VA C C I N E S
Vaccine
Pre-clinical Stage
Presentations are communication tools
that can be used as demonstrations,

Development lectures, speeches, reports, and more.

Cycle Quality Control Clinical Development

Presentations are communication tools Presentations are communication tools
A multi-step process that can be used as demonstrations, that can be used as demonstrations,
lectures, speeches, reports, and more. lectures, speeches, reports, and more.

Mass Manufacturing Regulatory Approval

Presentations are communication tools Presentations are communication tools
that can be used as demonstrations, that can be used as demonstrations,
lectures, speeches, reports, and more. lectures, speeches, reports, and more.
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