(K3)
Pengantar Keselamatan
dan Kesehatan Kerja
PENGERTIAN K3
(ACCIDENT PREVENTION)
Keselamatan (Safety)
Mengendalikan kerugian dari kecelakaan (control of
accident loss)
Kesehatan (Health)
Derajat/tingkat keadaan fisik dan psikologi individu
(the degree of physiological and psychological well
being of the individual)
Tujuan safety
1. Mengamankan suatu sistem kegiatan / pekerjaan
mulai dari input, proses maupun output. Kegiatan
yang dimaksud bisa berupa kegiatan produksi di
dalam industri maupun diluar industri seperti di
sektor public dan yang lainnya.
DEFINISI ACCIDENT
Suatu kejadian yang tidak diinginkan berakibat
cedera pada manusia, kerusakan barang,
gangguan terhadap pekerjaan dan pencemaran
lingkungan.
ILO/WHO Joint Safety and Health Committee
Occupational Health and Safety is the promotion and
maintenance of the highest degree of physical, mental and
social well-being of all workers in all occupations; the
prevention among workers of departures from health caused by
their working conditions; the protection of workers in their
employment from risks resulting from factors adverse to health;
the placing and maintenance of the worker in an occupational
environment adapted to his physiological and psychological
equipment and to summarize the adaptation of work to man
and each man to his job.
OSHA (Occupational Safety and Health
Administration, USA)
Occupational Health and Safety concerns the
application of scientific principles in understanding
the nature of risk to the safety of people and property
in both industrial and non industrial environments. It
is multi-disciplinary profession based upon physics,
chemistry, biology and the behavioral sciences with
applications in manufacturing, transport, storage,
and handling of hazardous materials and domestic
and recreational activities.
ILO dalam resolusinya menyatakan ada 3 prinsip dasar
K3, yaitu :
1. Work should take place in a safe and
healthy working environment
2. Conditions of work should be consistent with
workers well-being and human dignity
3. Work should offer real possibilities for personal
achievement, self-fulfilment, and service to
society
Points of concern
1. Penerapan prinsip-prinsip sains (application of scientific
principles)
2. Pemahaman pola risiko (understanding the nature of risk)
3. Ruang lingkup keilmuan K3 cukup luas baik didalam
maupun diluar industri
4. K3 merupakan multidisiplin profesi
5. Ilmu-ilmu dasar yang terlibat dalam keilmuan K3 adalah
fisik, kimia, biologi, dan ilmu-ilmu perilaku
6. Area garapan : industri, transportasi, penyimpanan
dan pengelolaan material, domestik dan kegiatan lainnya
seperti rekreasi
IMPLEMENTASI KESELAMATAN
KERJA
OPERASI ENGI-
LING- NEERING
KUNGAN
SECURITY
MEDICAL
INDUSTRIAL FASILITAS
HYGIENE
TRANS-
INFORMATION PORTATION
SYSTEMS
DASAR HUKUM/PERATURAN K3
DI INDONESIA
Dasar Hukum
Pasal 3 ayat (1) butir f : Dengan peraturan
perundangan ditetapkan syarat - syarat untuk
memberikan APD
Pasal 9 ayat (1) butir c : Pengurus diwajibkan
menunjukkan dan menjelaskan pada tiap
tenaga kerja baru tentang APD .
Pasal 12 butir b : Dengan peraturan perundangan
diatur kewajiban dan atau hak tenaga kerja untuk
memakai APD .
Pasal 14 butir c : Pengurus diwajibkan
menyediakan APD secara cuma-cuma
Dasar Hukum
Instruksi Menteri Tenaga Kerja No.
Ins.2/M/BW/BK/1984 tentang Pengesahan
ALat Pelindung Diri
A.P. Kepala
A.P. Muka dan Mata
A.P. Telinga
A.P. Pernafasan
A.P. Tangan
A.P. Kaki
Pakaian Pelindung
Safety Belt
Alat Pelindung Kepala
Topi Pelindung
Melindungi kepala dari benda keras, pukulan dan
benturan, terjatuh dan terkena arus listrik.
Tutup Kepala
Melindungi kepala dari kebakaran, korosi, panas/dingin
Hats/cap
Melindungi kepala dari kotoran debu atau tangkapan
mesin-mesin berputar
Alat Pelindung Muka dan Mata
Powered filter type Non powered filter type Self contained respirator Air mask
Mutual For For Mutual For gas For Circulation Semi Semi Open
use for gas aeros use for and vapor aero type enclo Open respi
gas, and ols gas, sols respirator sed respi rator
(chemi
vapor and vapor vapor respi rator
cal cartri ( dust
aerosols and rator
dge)
aerosol (1)
respir
ator)
Alat Pelindung Tangan
Cotton Very common
Cotton Synthetic fiber Often used for work in the winter Gloves
Rubber
Chemical resistant
For chemicals
Oil resistant
Solvent resistant
For special Vibration, heat resistant, Cut-
purposes proof, ,insulated, others.
Alat Pelindung Kaki
Hazard Examples
Chemical Dermal toxins
Systemic toxins
Corrosives
Allergens