ABSTRACT
The mining industry is well known as one of the most promising sources of
investment in Indonesia. Until now, the mining sector remains one of the main sectors
that drive the economy of Indonesia. It is unfortunate that despite a large contribution
to the Indonesian economy, the mining activity in general also cause damage and
deformation of land for the open pit mining method. To overcome these problems,
reclamation activities are expected to restore the damaged ecosystem as a result of the
mining industry activities. Former mining land reclamation activities are known to
involve the application of a lot of science, especially the branches of biology such as
EIA (Environmental Impact Assessment) and microbiology. The purpose of this paper
is to find out the role of biology in the mining industry sector activities included in
the ex-mining land reclamation process itself. Based on the results of a literature
study that has been done, known how changes in ecosystems and diversity of
organisms that would occur if a project progresses through the application of EIA and
how the use of potential microbial isolates in biomining and biodegradation,
environmentally friendly process for industrial-scale metal extraction process, as well
as the best way to degrade mining waste through the application of microbiology.
Key words: mining industry, former mining land reclamation, EIA, microbiology