TINJAUAN PUSTAKA
16
dengan
pelanggaran
kontrak
psikologikal
menunjukan
bahwa
results
revealed
that
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18
Landasan Teori
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termasuk
bagaiman
penampilan,
pikiran,
dan
tindakan
Kelima
trait
kepribadian
tersebut
adalah:
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Tabel 2.1.
Definisi Kepribadian Lima Besar (The Big Five Personality)
Dimensi Kepribadian
1. Extraversion
2. Agreebleness
Definisi
Extraversion
is
characterized by a
tendency to be
self-confident,
dominant, active,
and
excitement
seeking.
Extraverts show
positive emotions,
higher frequency
and intensity of
personal
interactions, and a
higher need for
stimulation.
In
addition,
extraversion is in
general associated
with a tendency to
be optimistic
The extraversion
dimension
captures
our
comfort level with
relationships.
Extraverts tend to
be
gregarious,
assertive,
and
sociable.
Introverts tend to
be reserved, timid,
and quiet.
Mudah percaya,
bersifat
baik
kooperatif,
dan
berhati lembut.
Sumber
(Costa &
McCrae
dalam
Bakker et
al, 2002)
(Robbins
& Judge,
2013: 136)
(Kreitner
& Kinicki,
2014:132)
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3. Conscientiousness
4.
Neuroticsm
The agreeableness
dimension refers
to an individuals
propensity to defer
to others. Highly
agreeable people
are cooperative,
warm,
and
trusting. People
who score low on
agreeableness are
cold,
disagreeable, and
antagonistic.
The
conscientiousness
dimension is a
measure
of
reliability.
A
highly
conscientious
person
is
responsible,
organized,
dependable, and
persistent. Those
who score low on
this dimension are
easily distracted,
disorganized, and
unreliable
Dapat diandalkan,
bertanggung
jawab, berorientas
pada pencapaian,
dan tekun.
Neuroticism
cenderung mudah
menjadi
cemas,
temperamental,
mengasihani diri,
emosional,
dan
(Robbins
& Judge,
2013:136)
(Robbins
& Judge,
2013: 136)
(Kreitner
& Kinicki,
2014:132)
(Kreitner
& Kinicki
2014:132)
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rapuh
terhadap
gangguan
yang
berkaitan dengan
stress.
Pribadi
yang
skornya
rendah biasanya
tenang,
bertemperamen
lembut, dan puas
diri
5. Openness
Pribadi
yang (Kreitner
berintelektual,
& Kinicki,
imajnatif,
2014:132)
penasaran,
dan
berpikiran luas.
The openness to (Robbins
experience
& Judge,
dimension
2013:136)
addresses range of
interests
and
fascination with
novelty. Extremely
open people are
creative, curious,
and
artistically
sensitive. Those at
the other end of
the category are
conventional and
find comfort in the
familiar
Sumber: Costa & McCrae dalam Bakker et al, 2002., Kreitner
dan Kinicki, 2014:132, Robbins & Judge, 2013:136.
dan
Judge
(2013:
279)
mengatakan
bahwa
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on
employees
subjective
interpretations
and
24
adalah tabel
psikologikal:
pengertian
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Tabel 2.2.
Definisi Dimensi Kontrak Psikologikal
Jenis Kontrak
Relational
Transactional
Definisi
long-term or open-ended
employment arrangements
based upon mutual trust
and loyalty. Rewards are
only loosely conditioned on
performance, derive from
membership
and
participation
in
the
organization.
employment arrangements
with a short-term or limited
duration, primarily focused
upon economic exchange;
specific, narrow duties and
limited worker involvement
in organization
Orgnasisasional
(Organizational
Commitment)
Komitmen orgnasisasional pada sebuah perusahaan
memiliki fungsi sebagai sebuah jamiman untuk menjaga
kelangsungan perusahaan tersebut. Menurut Robbins dan Judge
(2013:75) mendefinisikan komitmen organisasional yaitu
organizational commitment The degree to which an employee
identifies with a particular organization and its goals and
wishes to maintain membership in the organization. Meyer et al.
(2002) mendefinisikan komitmen organisasional adalah sebagai
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commitment based on
emotional
ties
the
employee develops with
the organization primarily
via
positive
work
experiences
Affective
Commitmen
t
Continuanc
e
Commitmen
t
Organization
al
Commitment
Normative
Commitmen
t
based on perceived
obligation towards
the organization, for
example rooted in the
norms of reciprocity
Gambar 2.1.
Tiga Dimensi Komitmen Organisasional
Sumber: Meyer et al.(2002)
Setiap dimensi dari komitmen organisasional memiliki
pengaruh yang berbeda- beda terhadap produktifitas kerja dan
perilaku karyawan. Diungkapkan oleh Robbins dan Judge
(2013:111) bahwa:
Affective commitment more strongly related to
organizational performancce than was continuance
commitment. Continuance commitment was related to
a lower intention to quit but an increased tedency to be
absent and lower performance these result make sense
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tersedianya
alternatif
pekerjaan
lainnya,
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2.3.
masing
dimensi
kepribadian
yang
dimaksud
neuroticism,
agreeableness,
kepribadian.
adalah
Dimensi
extraversion,
conscientiouness,
dan
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psikologikal
didefinisikan
sebagai
31
komitmen
organisasional
yang
rendah.
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2.5. Hipotesis
Berdasarkan penelitian terdahulu dan latar belakang
masalah yang telah diuraikan pada penelitian ini, maka
hipotesis penelitian dapat dirumuskan sebagai berikut:
H1
H2
H3
H4
H5
H6
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H7