Olimpiade Kimia Undiksha Tingkat SMA Tahun 2009

PRAKTIKUM I
TITRASI ASAM BASA
1. Deskripsi
Titrimetri ialah suatu jenis analisis volumetri. Dalam titrimetri, analit direaksikan
dengan suatu bahan lain yang diketahui atau dapat diketahui jumlah molnya dengan tepat.
Bila bahan tersebut berupa larutan, maka konsentrasinya harus diketahui dengan teliti dan
larutan demikian dinamakan larutan baku. Dalam titrasi, larutan baku harus diketahui sampai
4 desimal. Titrasi adalah metode analisis kuantitatif untuk menentukan kadar suatu larutan.
Terdapat empat jenis titrasi sesuai dengan reaksi-reaksi kimia yang mendasarinya yaitu:
Titrasi asidimetri-alkalimetri, titrasi presipitimetri, titrasi kompleksometri, dan titrasi redoks.
Titrasi asidimetri adalah titrasi yang menyangkut reaksi asam-basa. Dalam titrasi ini
perubahan terpenting yang mendasari penentuan titik akhir dan cara perhitungan adalah
perubahan pH titrat. Titik akhir titrasi adalah kondisi pada saat terjadi perubahan warna pada
indikator. Reaksi dalam suatu titrasi dilakukan dengan menambahkan suatu larutan titran dari
buret pada suatu larutan (titrat) dalam erlenmeyer secara perlahan-lahan sampai jumlah zat
yang direaksikan tepat ekivalen satu sama lain. Pada saat titran yang ditambahkan tampak
telah ekivalen, maka penambahan titran harus dihentikan. Hal ini dapat dilihat dari perubahan
warna indikator yang dipakai dalam titrasi tersebut. Dengan cara ini, volume titran dapat
diukur dengan teliti dan apabila konsentrasi titran diketahui, maka jumlah mol titrat dapat
dihitung. Berdasarkan persamaan reaksi dan koefisiennya maka jumlah mol titrat dapat
dihitung, karena jumlah titrat ekivalen dengan jumlah titran.
Dalam percobaan ini kita akan menentukan konsentrasi H 2SO4 dengan cara titrasi.
Proses titrasi ini mirip proses beruntun, dimana yang diketahui adalah konsentrasi HCl yang
telah distandardisasi dengan natrium tetraborat.
2. Alat dan Bahan
Alat :
No.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.

Alat
Buret
Statif dan klem
Labu erlenmayer 100 mL
Corong
Pipet tetes
Gelas kimia 100 mL
Gelas ukur 10 mL
Labu ukur 10 mL

HMJ PENDIDIKAN KIMIA VISVITALIS

Jumlah
1
1
3
1
2
3
1
1

Olimpiade Kimia Undiksha Tingkat SMA Tahun 2009

Bahan :
No.
1.
2.
3.
4.

Bahan
Larutan HCl 0,129 M
Larutan NaOH x M
Larutan H2SO4 y M
Indikator pp

Jumlah
40 mL
80 mL
40 mL
Secukupnya

3. PROSEDUR KERJA
I. Titrasi penentuan konsentrasi NaOH
1. Rangkailah alat titrasi dengan alat-alat yang sudah disediakan.
2. Masukkan titran (HCl 0,129 M) ke dalam buret.
3. Ambil sebanyak 10 mL titrat (NaOH) dan masukkan ke dalam labu erlenmeyer.
4. Tambahkan 2 tetes indikator pp ke dalam titrat (NaOH).
5. Titrasilah larutan tersebut dan catat volume titran yang diperlukan.
II.

Titrasi penentuan konsentrasi H2SO4

1. Rangkailah alat titrasi dengan alat-alat yang sudah disediakan.
2. Masukkan titran (NaOH) ke dalam buret.
3. Ambil sebanyak 10 mL titrat (H2SO4) dan masukkan ke dalam labu erlenmeyer.
4. Tambahkan 2 tetes indikator pp ke dalam titrat.
5. Titrasilah larutan tersebut dan catat volume titran yang diperlukan.

4. Hasil Pengamatan
Titrasi penentuan konsentrasi NaOH
Titrasi ke1
2
3
Rata-rata

Volume HCl (mL)

...
...
...
...

Volume NaOH (mL)

10
10
10
10

Titrasi penentuan konsentrasi H2SO4

Titrasi ke1
2
3
Rata-rata

Volume NaOH (mL)

...
...
...
...

Volume H2SO4 (mL)

10
10
10
10

5. PERTANYAAN:
1. Hitunglah konsentrasi NaOH dan H2SO4?
2. Tuliskan persamaan reaksi yang terjadi pada titrasi I dan titrasi II?
3. Mengapa pada titrasi ini digunakan indikator pp?

HMJ PENDIDIKAN KIMIA VISVITALIS

Olimpiade Kimia Undiksha Tingkat SMA Tahun 2009

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HMJ PENDIDIKAN KIMIA VISVITALIS

Olimpiade Kimia Undiksha Tingkat SMA Tahun 2009

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HMJ PENDIDIKAN KIMIA VISVITALIS

Olimpiade Kimia Undiksha Tingkat SMA Tahun 2009

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HMJ PENDIDIKAN KIMIA VISVITALIS