SI- 5141 Perencanaan & Pemodelan Transportasi

Review : Model Transport 4 Tahap

SJ-5122 Perencanaan Transportasi & Pengembangan
Tata Guna Lahan dan Sistem Jaringan
Karakteristik Sosio Zona Transportasi
Ekonomi

Review Transportation Trip Generation

Network Modeling Trip Distribution

Modal Split

Harun al-Rasyid LUBIS

http://personal.ftsl.itb.ac.id/halubis/ Trip Assignment

Fakultas Teknik Sipil dan Lingkungan ITB

Volume Lalu Lintas

11/11/2010 2

Traffic (Trip) Assignment Review

Trip Generation

Trip Distribution

Transit Estimation & Mode Split

Time-of-Day & Directional Factoring

Transit Person Trip Table Vehicle Trip Table

(O&D) (O&D)

Trip Assignment
Network modeling

Loaded Transit Loaded

Network Highway
Network
 Tujuan
/Destination (D)

Asal Perjalanan/Trip
/Origin (O) Perjalanan
/Trip (t)

Bangkitan seluruh perjalanan

dari zona asal (O)
Terminology
6t
‡ Network, node and links ‡ Path finding
(arcs)
D5 Distribusi seluruh
‡ Impedance
perjalanan dari zona
‡ ‡
D1
20
% asal (O) ke semua zona Highway/trip assignment Waiting time
30 10 tujuan (D)
‡
D4

‡
%

15
O %
Transit trip assignment Access time
‡
% 25

D3
%
D2 All-or-nothing assignment
Tujuan
/Destination
Mobil Pribadi 25% Pemilihan/pemisahan ‡ Equilibrium assignment ‡ Path loading
(D1) perjalanan menurut
‡ Level of service
Kendaraan Umum
20% jenis moda dari zona
asal (O) ke zona tujuan
‡ Cost-flow or volume-
Motor 30%

‡ Capacity restraint
(D1)
Tak Bermotor 15%

Jalan Kaki 10%

delay function
‡ Free-flow speed
Asal
/Origin (O)

Pembebanan perjalanan
‡ Free-flow travel time
Tujuan
/Destination menurut jenis moda
(D1) kepada rute-rute
(jaringan) diantara
pasangan zona asal (O) ‡ Generalized cost
dan zona tujuan (D) utk
11/11/2010 5
Asal
public dan private
/Origin (O) transport

MODELING & SAMPLING in Transport

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11/11/2010 8
 Interaksi Transport ʹ Tata Ruang
Asumsi Dasar Model Transport Pemilihan
Rute
Pemilihan
Moda
Pemilihan
Tujuan

‡ Pola interaksi dan perilaku Volume di

Ruas Jalan
Keputusan Melakukan
Perjalanan

‡ Memaksimalkan utilitas Waktu Tempuh/

Jarak/Biaya
Kepemilikan
Kendaraan

TRANSPORTASI
‡ Kesetimbangan (equilibrium) Aksesibilitas Aktifitas

‡ Agregasi Daya Tarik

TATA RUANG Penempatan
Lahan
Lahan

Pemilihan
Pemilihan Lahan oleh
Lahan oleh Pengguna
Investor

Pembangunan
11/11/2010 9 11/11/2010 10

Tata ruang dan transportasi

RUANG
AKTIVITAS
ilitas

g POTENSI
an
sib

ru PERGERAKAN
akse

n
ta
ba
m
Ha si tas
Kapa PERFORMANCE
SISTEM INDICATOR
TRANSPORTASI

Direpresentasikan oleh:
1. Jaringan transportasi
a. Prasarana
b. Sarana
2. Pengaturan
 Proses Pemodelan Transport Validation and Reasonableness Checks

Base year data Predicted data

Spesifikasi Model

Estimation Calibration Validation Application

Variabel model Implementasi Model Out put model

Kalibrasi Model ³%HVWILW´PRGHO Analisis

Struktur model Validasi Model

Validation data

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Total Boardings by Sub-Mode OBS PRED RMSE RMS%

Transit Acceptable Ranges of Error
Durham Bus 7499 7164 126.1891 1.68%
York Bus
Peel Bus
Halton Bus
7111
38497
4536
7280
40217
4990
143.0784
332.7368
81.51716
2.01%
0.86%
1.80%
Assignment
HSR Bus
GO Bus
GO Rail
15982
7172
13659
16337
7353
13735
292.8422
399.3889
645.6756
1.83%
5.57%
4.73%
Results 2001 Base
TTC Bus 282084 260041 1038.175 0.37%
TTC Prem Bus
TTC Subway
672
254060
101
235691
176.9569
9103.319
26.33%
3.58%
Case
TTC Streetcar 47097 47097 1201.121 2.55%
Overall 678369 640006 1036.107 0.15%

Observed vs Predicted Transit Line Boardings

Final parameter settings with 14000
embedded transit fares seem 12000
10000
Predicted

to be providing good 8000

PRED
6000
assignment of transit trips to 4000
2000
lines and sub-modes. 0
0 2000 4000 6000 8000 10000 12000
Observed

11/11/2010 17
 The Number of Boarding and Alighting in Tehran Transit
Stops in Morning Peak Hour, 2003

Spesifikasi Sistem Zona (kecamatan) Simplified Greater Bandung Metropolitan Zoning system

Contoh : Jakarta Mass Rapid Transit System Study 13 Zones based on Density
1 = Kota Cimahi
North BMA (Cimahi +Bandung Barat) Sumedang 2 = Kota Bandung 2
3 = Kota Bandung 3
Zona Internal 4 = Kota Bandung 4
5 = Kota Bandung 5
6 = Kota Bandung 6
7 = Kota Bandung 7
222 224 1 2 3 4
226
231 223
233 225

234
236 212
232 211
213 227 5 6 7
218
215
237 214 256
238 216
235
217
242
251
South West South East
241 253
257 Bandung Bandung
245
246 243
271 248
258
Zona Eksternal
254

247 244

South West BMA South East BMA

261
249 255
259

11/11/2010 20
 Greater Bandung Metropolitan Public Transport
Socio-economic Analysis Greater Bandung Metropolitan Public Transport

Population and GDP by Zones in BMA (2006) Methodology of the Analysis of Traffic Pattern in BMA (1)
GDP per
Population in
No. Description capita in Mio
1,000
Rs
Zone 1 Kota Bandung 1 375

Zone 2 Kota Bandung 2 475

Zone 3 Kota Bandung 3 263

18 Zone z
Zone 4 Kota Bandung 4 234

Zone 5 Kota Bandung 6 525 Zone x

Zone 6 Kota Bandung 5 307

Zone y
Zone7 North BMA 950 13
Traffic Volume
Zone 8 South West BMA 1.105 15
Commuter Rail Each Zone is trips
Zone 9 South East BMA 545 13 Generator and attractor
Toll Road
Zone10 South East Bandung 800 15

Zone 11 South West Bandung 710 15

Bus Line

Zone 12 Cimahi NW Bandung 520 16

Zone 13 Special Zone Sumedang 235 9

SPESIFIKASI JARINGAN Coding jaringan di persimpangan

Represtentasi ruas (links , arcs) dan simpul (nodes)

1 3

Riel di PERSIMPANGAN
 Rail Station Micro-coding
MetroRail
Rail platform node

Time= ~2 min Time= ~1 min

Time= ~1 min
PNR KNR
Time= ~2 min Time= ~0.5 min

Bus platform node

Streets

Escalator Link
Source: AECOM Consult Access Connectors

Florida Model Task Force

28 December 12, 2006
Corradino

Trip Assignment Methods

Trip Assignment -
ͻAll-or-nothing assignment Path Selection
ͻEquilibrium assignment (approximation!)
ͻStochastic assignment

APPLICATIONS:
ͻRoad assignment
ͻTransit assignment (for public transport) 11/11/2010 31
 Trip Assignment
Objectives: Inputs and Outputs
ͻ Explain the concept of an all-or-nothing assignment Inputs
ͻ Explain the concept of an equilibrium assignment ͻ O&D trip table

ͻ Mathematical formulation & finding solution + algorithm ͻ Coded network

ͻ Identify the cost-flow or delay-flow function Outputs

ͻ Link flows as per coded network
ͻ Link travel times/speeds
ͻ VMT
ͻ Vehicle hours of travel

All-or-Nothing Assignment

Step 1: Step 2: Step 3:

Find Shortest Assign all trips to Continue until
route between links trips between all 67
(7)
compromising TAZ pairs have
the TAZs (8) 24
shortest route been assigned (9) 9

Advantages
ͻSimple
ͻInexpensive
These results
ͻResults easy to understand From this specification

Disadvantages
Logit model
ͻAssumes all traffic will travel on shortest path
ͻCreates unrealistic flow patterns Can set Ui = -tti
Can set Ui = 1/tti, but if you do, will need a
calibration coefficient
 Capacity Restraint
‡ Volume-delay relationship
‡ Average travel speed decreases
with increased flow (volume)
‡ Average travel time increases as
the volume-to-capacity ratio on a
link increases
‡ The Bureau of Public Roads (BPR)
formula, used as default in
most model packages
shows this relationship:

Travel time depends on

the loading, but the
loading depends on the
travel time ʹ ŝƚ͛ƐĂŶ
iterative process