FMIPA UNIVERSITAS NEGERI SEMARANG

Kampus Sekaran Gunungpati Telp.(024) 7499375 Semarang 50229

________________________________________________________________________
TUGAS MIKROBIOLOGI
Hari Jumat, 29 Mei 2015
Tugas: di diskusikan di Jam kuliah, dikerjakan tertulis secara individu dikumpulkan hari
Senin, 1 juni 2015. Di taruh di Locker Bp. Ibnul.
20

1. List all the major prokaryotic structurees and provide a brief discription of the
functions of each.

10

Dinding sel

Nukleus

Sitoplasma

Material genetik

ribosom

2. Describe facilitated diffusion, siderophore and group translocation in term of

their distinctive characteristics and mechanisms
Difusi fasilitatif= mekanisme pengangkutan zat dari gradien konsentrasi tinggi ke
rendah melalui bantuan carrier protein
Siderophore=

10

3. Sumber energi, Karbon serta donor proton/ elektron bagi bakteri E coli
adalah senyawa organik. Jelaskan pernyataan tersebut disertai ilustrasinya.
4. A wide variety of electron acceptors can be used in catabolism : O 2 (aerobic

10

respiration), organic molecules (anaerobic respiration) and oxidized inorganic

molecules other than O2

(fermentation) TRUE or FALSE. Explain

answer.
10

5. Isilah pada kolom sebelah kanan tabel dengan A (anabolisme ) atau K

(katabolisme) sesuai dengan kolom sebelah kiri dan jelaskan alasannya
Aktivitas

A atau K

Fermentasi alkohol
The Calvin Cycle
Respirasi anaerobik
TCA Cycle
1

Alasan

your

Nitrogen fixation
Embden-Meyerhoff Pathway
Enter-Duodorof pathway
Fatty Acid -Oxidation
The Pentose Phosphate Pathway
Dark reactions

10

6. Suatu medium tersusun oleh : glukosa, 5 gr ; NH4Cl 1g ; KH2PO4, 1 g ;

MgSO4, 0.3 g; ekstrak yeast, 5 g ; aquades, 1 l.
a. Tergolong medium sintetik / medium terbatas (defined medium)
ataukah medium kompleks susunan di atas ?
b. Berdasar sumber C ( karbon ) mikrobia pengguna medium di atas
disebut .
c. Berdasar sumber E (energi ) mikrobia pengguna medium di atas
disebut .
d. Berdasar sumber H/e (Hidrogen/elektron ) mikrobia pengguna
medium di atas disebut.
e. Berdasarkan kreteria : b, c, dan d di atas maka tipe nutrisi mikrobia
pengguna medium di atas disebut .

10

7.

a. How do substrate-level phosphorylation and oxidative phosphorylation

differ from one another?
b. Suppose that you isolated a bacterial strain that carried out oxygenic
photosynthesis. What photosystem would it possess and what group of
bacteria would it most likely belong to?

20

8. Jelaskanlah ilustrasi gambar-gambar di bawah ini

Soal bagian B.
Petunjuk :
1. Jawablah semua pertanyaan berikut ini dengan SINGKAT dan JELAS

SKOR
15

1. Salah satu tonggak sejarah perkembangan mikrobiologi adalah penemuan efek

mikrobia terhadap materi organik dan

anorganik.

Jelaskan maksud

pernyataan di atas disertai 2 contoh pendukungnya.

15

20

2. Jelaskan mekanisme pengecatan Gram ditinjau dari perbedaan struktur dan

susunan kimia antara dinding sel bakteri gram positip dan negatip.
3 . a. Tulislah postulat Koch secara lengkap
b. Gejala penyakit sapi gila (Mad Cow) yang marak akhir-akhir ini apakah
bisa dijelaskan atau memenuhi kaidah postulat KOCH. Jelaskan.

15

4. A wide variety of electron acceptors can be used in catabolism : O 2 (aerobic

respiration), organic molecules (anaerobic respiration) and oxidized inorganic
molecules other than O2 (fermentation) TRUE or FALSE. Explain your
answer.

10

5. Why is it importan to our environment that bacteria grow by diverse energyyielding pathways ?

10

6. Berikan pengertian istilah berikut ini :

a) Lag phase
3

b)
c)
d)
e)

Soal bagian

Obligat aerob
Pasteurisasi
Siderophores
Disinfectant

1. Salah satu batasan mikrobiologi adalahKajian terhadap mahluk hidup yang sangat kecil
untuk dapat dilihat dengan mata telanjang. Mikrobiologi juga menyangkut soal teknik
2. Berilah penjelasan singkat tentang:
a.

mahluk hidup yang sangat kecil

b.

teknik dalam mikrobiologi

3. Gambarlah sel bakteri, tunjukkan bagian yang disebut: Flagel, dinding sel, membran
plasma, nukleoid, ribosom. Jelaskan fungsi masing-masing dengan tabel!
4. Pasangkanlah struktur virus berikut ini dengan deskripsi di sampingnya ( saudara cukup
menyalin kolom sebelah kiri dan memasangkan huruf yang sesuai di depannya)
____Capsid

___Virion
___Spike
___Envelope
___Naked virus
___Nucleocapsid

(a)

Surrounding lipid bilayer membrane

(b) Complete virus particle, including envelope if it has one
(c) Surrounding protein coat
(d) Projection made of glycoprotein that serves to attach
virions to specific receptor sites
(e) Virions genome together with capsid
(f) Virus with a nucleocapsid but no envelop

5. Tulislah di tempat kosong di depan setiap pernyataan di bawah ini dengan P (untuk
Prokaryote). E (untuk eukaryote), B ( untuk keduanya; Prokaryote dan Eukaryote) atau
N ( jika bukan keduanya, prokaryote dan eukaryote). Saudara cukup menyalin nomor
soal dan huruf ( 6 (a)___6 (b)___ dan seterusnya kemudian mengisi dengan pilihan
huruf yang tepat)
(a) ____Single chromosome
(b) ___Membrane-bound nucleus
(c) ___Fluid-mosaic membrane
(d) ___Viruses
(e) ___70S ribosomes
(f) ___Endoplasmic reticulum
(g) ___Respiratory enzymes in mitochondria

(h) ___Mitosis
(i) ___Peptidoglycan in cell wall
(j) ___Cilia
(k) ___80S ribosomes
(l) ___Chloroplasts
(m) ___9+2 microtubule arrangement in flagella
(n) ___Bacteria
(o) ___Can have extrachromosomal DNA
(p) ___Meiosis

Soal Pilihan ganda

1. The cell wall is usually found in which eukaryotes?
a.
b.
c.
d.
2.

fungi
algae
protozoa
a and b

In general, fungi derive nutrients through

a. photosynthesis
b. engulfing bacteria
c. digesting organic substrates
d. parasitism

3. A hypha divided into compartments by cross walls is called

a. nonseptate
b. septate
c. imperfect
d. Perfect
4. Viruses are not considered living things because
a. they are not cells
b. they cannot reproduce by themselves
c. they lack metabolism
d. all of these are correct
5. Which of the following is not found in all bacterial cells?
a. cell membrane
b. ribosomes
c. a nucleoid
d. actin cytoskeleton
6. The major locomotor structures in bacteria are
a. Flagella
b. fimbriae
c. pili
d. cilia
7. Pili are tubular shafts in bacteria that serve as a means of .
a. gram-positive, genetic exchange
b. gram-positive, attachment
5

c. gram-negative, genetic exchange

d. gram-negative, protection
8. An example of a glycocalyx is
a. a capsule
b. outer membrane
c. pili
d. a cell wall
9. Which of the following is a primary bacterial cell wall function?
a. Transport
b. support
c. motility
d. adhesion
10. Which of the following is present in both gram-positive and gramnegative
cell walls?
a. an outer membrane
b. teichoic acid
c. peptidoglycan
d. lipopolysaccharides
11. An arrangement in packets of eight cells is described as a .
a. Micrococcus
b. Tetrad
c. Diplococcus
d. Sarcina
12. The major difference between a spirochete and a spirillum is
a. presence of flagella
b. the nature of motility
c. the presence of twists
d. size
13. Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD), kuru, scrapie, and mad
cow disease are caused by:
a. Viroids
b. Prions
c. RNA viruses
d. DNA viruses
14. To which taxonomic group do cyanobacteria belong?
a. Domain Archaea
b. Domain Bacteria
c. Phylum Actinobacteria
d. Phylum Fusobacteria
15. Which stain is used to distinguish differences between the cell walls
of medically important bacteria?
a. simple stain
b. Gram stain
c. acridine orange stain
d. negative stain
16. A virus is a tiny infectious
a. cell.
b. living thing.
c. particle.
d. nucleic acid.
6

17. Viruses are known to infect

a. plants.
b. bacteria.
c. fungi
d. all organisms.
18.. The nucleic acid of a virus is
a. DNA only.
b. RNA only.
c. both DNA and RNA.
d. either DNA or RNA.
19. The general steps in a viral multiplication cycle are
a. adsorption, penetration, synthesis, assembly, and release.
b. endocytosis, uncoating, replication, assembly, and budding.
c. adsorption, uncoating, duplication, assembly, and lysis.
d. endocytosis, penetration, replication, maturation, and
exocytosis.
20. A prophage is an early stage in the development of a/an
a. bacterial virus..
b. poxvirus.
c. lytic virus
d. enveloped virus.
21. In general, RNA viruses multiply in the cell __, and DNA viruses multiply in the cell ___.
a. nucleus, cytoplasm
b. cytoplasm, nucleus
c. vesicles, ribosomes nucleus
d. endoplasmic reticulum, nucleolus
22. Viruses cannot be cultivated in
a. tissue culture.
b. bird embryos
c. live mammals
d. blood agar.
23. Clear patches in cell cultures that indicate sites of virus
infection are called
a. plaques..
b. pocks.
c. colonies
d. prions.
24. A chemical component that is found in all viruses is:
a. Protein
b. RNA
c. Lipid
d. DNA
7

25. Viruses that infect bacteria are called:

a. Satellites
b. Bacteriophages
c. Bacteriocins
d. Bacterioviruses

Selamat mengerjakan