1.1.

Pemrograman Bahasa Manual (Kode G-ISO)

Bahasa pemrograman dengan kode yang merupakan kombinasi huruf abjad dan angka.

Karena kode huruf G mempunyai peran penting sebagai fungsi persiapan perlaksanaa proses
maka bahasa ini sering dinamakan sebagai bahasa kode G (Rochim T. 1993 :

). Bahasa

pemrogram mesin perkakas CNC telah distandarkan ISO (International Standard Organization).
Jenis kode-kode huruf (address) yang telah distandarkan (ISO 1056 atau EIA RS 274 A/B) dapat
dilihat pada tabel 2.1.
Tabel 2.1. Kode huruf (Address) menurut standar EIA (Electronic Industries Association,
USA) RS 274 B (Rochim T. 1993 : )
A
B
C
D
E
F
G
H
I
J
K
L
M
N

Angular dimension around X axis

Angular dimension around Y axis
Angular dimension around Z axis
Angular dimension around special
axis or third feed function
Angular dimension around special
axis or second feed function
Feed function
Preparatory function
Unassigned
Distance to arc center or thread
lead parallel to X
Distance to arc center or thread
lead parallel to Y
Distance to arc center or thread
lead parallel to Z
Do not use
Miscellaneous function
Sequence number

O
P
Q
R
S
T
U
V
W
X
Y
Z

Reference rewind stop

Third rapid traverse dimension or
tertiary motion dimension parallel to X
Third rapid traverse dimension or
tertiary motion dimension parallel to Y
Third rapid traverse dimension or
tertiary motion dimension parallel to Z
Spindle speed function
Tool function
Secondary motion dimension parallel to
X
Secondary motion dimension parallel to
Y
Secondary motion dimension parallel to
Z
Primary X motion dimension
Primary Y motion dimension
Primary Z motion dimension

Word yang dibentuk dari kode huruf sebagaimana diperlihatkan pada tabel 2.1 pada
umumnya memiliki arti turunan yang bervariasi kecuali kode huruf G (Preparatory Function)
dan M (Miscellaneous Function). Kode G dan M ini yang digunakan untuk melakukan
pergerakan pahat dan pengoperasian mesin. Tabel 2.2 dan 2.3 memperlihatkan kode G dan M
menurut standar ISO. Setiap kode-kode G maupun M dapat berbeda antara satu mesin perkakas

CNC ke mesin Perkakas CNC lainnya. Pada tabel 2.4 dan 2.5 meperlihatkan jenis kode G dan M
pada mesin freis CNC Mori Seiki NMV5000 DCG.
Tabel 2.2. Kode G menurut standar EIA (Electronic Industries Association,USA) RS 274 B
Rochim T. 1993 : )
Code
G00
G01

Function
Point to point positioning
Linear interpolation (normal
dimension)
G02
Circular interpolation arc CW
G03
Circular interpolation arc
CCW
G04
Dwell
G05
Hold
G06-G07 Unassigned
G08
Acceleration
G09
Deceleration
G10
Linear interpolation (long
dimension)
G11
Linear interpolation (short
dimension)
G12
Unassigned
G13-G16 Axis selection
G17
XY plane selection
G18
ZX plane selection
G19
YZ plane selection
G20
Circular interpolation arc CW
(long dimension)
G21
Circular interpolation arc CW
(short dimension)
G30
Circular interpolation arc CW
(long dimension)
G31
Circular interpolation arc CW
(short dimension)
G32
Unassigned
G33
Thread cutting, constant lead
G34
Thread cutting, decreasing lead
G35
Thread cutting, decreasing lead
G40
Cutter competition cancel

Code
G42
G43
G44
G53
G54-G59
G60
G61
G62
G63
G64
G70
G73
G74
G75
G80
G81-G89
G90
G91
G92
G94
G95

Function
Cutter competition of cutter
tool radius-right
Cutter competition Positive
Cutter competition negative
Delection of zero point shift
Zero point shift
Target value tolerance 1
Target value tolerance 2 or
loop cycle
Rapid positioning rapid
traverse only
Full speed as in thread cutting
Change in feed rate and/or rev
perminute
Travel initial position in Z axis
Single axis travel at
programmed feed trate
Travel to reference point 1st and
2nd axes
Travel to reference point 3rd and
4th axes
Fixed cycle cancel
Fixed drilling and boring
cycles
Reference dimension input
Relative dimension input
Programmed reference point
shift
Feed rate (in mm per minute)
Feed rate (in mm per minute)

G41

Cutter competition of cutter

tool radius-left

Tabel 2.3. Kode M menurut standar EIA (Electronic Industries Association,USA) RS 274 B
(Rochim T. 1993 : )
Code
M00
M01
M02
M03
M04
M05
M06
M07
M08
M09
M10
M11
M12
M13
M14
M15

Function
Program stop
Optional (planed) stop
End program
Spindle CW
Spindle CCW
Spindle off
Tool change
Coolant No. 2 ON
Coolant No. 1 ON
Coolant off
Clamp
Unclamp
Unassigned
Spindle CW and Coolant ON
Spindle CCW and Coolant ON
Motion +

Code
M16
M17-M18
M19
M20-M29
M30
M31
M32-M35
M36-M39
M40-M45
M50
M51
M60
M68
M69
M70-M99

Function
Motion
Unassigned
Oriented spindle stop
Permanently unassigned
End of rate
Interlock bypass
Constant cutting speed
Unassigned
Gear changes if used:
otherwise unassigned
Coolant 3 on
Coolant 4 on
Workpiece change
Clamp workpiece
Unclamp workpiece
Unassigned