DAFTAR ISI

HALAMAN JUDUL ................................................................................................... i

HALAMAN PENGESAHAN ..................................................................................... ii

KATA PENGANTAR ................................................................................................. iii

DAFTAR ISI ............................................................................................................... v

DAFTAR GAMBAR ................................................................................................. vi

DAFTAR TABEL ...................................................................................................... ix

BAB I PENDAHULUAN ............................................................................................ 1

1.1. Latar Belakang ................................................................................................ 1

1.2. Tujuan Kerja Praktik ...................................................................................... 2

1.2.1. Tujuan Umum ............................................................................................ 2

1.2.2. Tujuan Khusus........................................................................................... 3

1.3. Manfaat Kerja Praktik .................................................................................... 3

1.4. Waktu & Tempat Pelaksanaan Kerja Praktik .............................................. 3

1.5. Batasan Masalah .............................................................................................. 4

1.6. Metode Penulisan ............................................................................................. 4

BAB II PROFIL PERUSAHAAN .............................................................................. 5

2.1. Sejarah Singkat ................................................................................................ 5

2.2. Visi dan Misi ..................................................................................................... 6

2.3. Bidang Usaha .................................................................................................... 6

2.4. Lokasi Pabrik ................................................................................................... 7

2.5. Logo Perusahaan .............................................................................................. 9

 2.6. Organisasi dan Manajemen Perusahaan ....................................................... 9

2.7. Tata Tertib dan Disiplin Kerja Perusahaan Peraturan-peraturan Kerja 10

2.8. Kebijakan Perusahaan .................................................................................. 11

2.9. Keselamatan Kerja Perusahaan ................................................................... 11

BAB III TINJAUAN PUSTAKA ............................................................................. 13

3.1. Pembangkit Listrik Tenaga Uap ................................................................... 13

3.1.1 Prinsip Kerja Siklus Uap ......................................................................... 14

3.1.1.1. Siklus Rankine ................................................................................. 15

3.1.1.2. Siklus Rankine Ideal ....................................................................... 16

3.2. Boiler ............................................................................................................... 18

3.2.1. Definisi Boiler .......................................................................................... 18

3.2.2. Jenis-Jenis Boiler..................................................................................... 20

3.3. Super Heater.................................................................................................... 23

3.3.1. Definisi Super Heater .............................................................................. 23

3.3.2. Prinsip Kerja Super Heater .................................................................... 24

3.3.3. Rankine Cycle Dengan Superheater ....................................................... 26

3.4. Proses Pembakaran ........................................................................................ 28

3.4.1 Definisi Pembakaran................................................................................ 28

3.4.2. Bahan Bakar Boiler................................................................................ 30

3.4.3. Proses Kerja Pembangkit Listrik Tenaga Uap Secara Umum............ 31

3.5. Turbin .............................................................................................................. 33

3.5.1. Definisi Turbin ......................................................................................... 33

3.5.2. Prinsip Kerja Turbin Uap ...................................................................... 34

 3.5.3. Komponen-Komponen Turbin Uap ....................................................... 36

3.5.4. Klasifikasi Turbin Uap............................................................................ 38

3.6. Generator Sinkron ......................................................................................... 40

3.6.1. Definisi Generator Sinkron .................................................................... 40

3.6.2 Konstruksi Generator Sinkron ............................................................... 41

3.6.3 Prinsip Kerja Generator.......................................................................... 43

3.6.4 Karakteristik Generator Sinkron ........................................................... 47

3.6.5 Daya dan Torsi Generator Sinkron ........................................................ 53

3.7 Daya .................................................................................................................. 56

3.7.1 Daya ........................................................................................................... 56

3.7.2. Faktor Daya ............................................................................................. 58

BAB IV PEMBAHASAN.......................................................................................... 61

4.1. Operasi Sinkron Generator ........................................................................... 61

4.2. Sistem Sinkron Generator ............................................................................. 67

4.2.1. Tipe sinkron berdasarkan arah susunan .............................................. 67

4.2.2. Metoda sinkron........................................................................................ 68

4.3. Pengkabelan Generator ................................................................................. 73

4.4. AVR (Automatic Voltage Regulator) .............................................................. 75

4.4.1. Definisi AVR ............................................................................................. 75

4.4.2. Prinsip Kerja AVR .................................................................................. 75

4.5. Governor .......................................................................................................... 78

4.5.1. Definisi Governor ..................................................................................... 78

4.5.2. Bagian Governor...................................................................................... 78

 4.5.3. Diagram Aplikasi Proses Governor Electric .......................................... 79

4.5.4. Karakteristik Governor........................................................................... 80

4.5.5. Governor overall block diagram .............................................................. 81

4.5.6. Unloading Gear ........................................................................................ 82

4.5.7. Pengatur kecepatan acuan (Governor Speed Reference)...................... 82

4.5.8. Prinsip Kerja Governor........................................................................... 83

4.5.9 Load Sensing ............................................................................................. 86

BAB V ANALISIS ..................................................................................................... 87

5.1. Operasi Load Sharing .................................................................................... 87

5.2 Pengaturan Governor dalam Load Sharing .................................................. 90

5.2.1. Definisi Droop .......................................................................................... 90

5.2.2. Mode Operasi Governor Dalam Load Sharing ..................................... 92

5.3. Contoh Kasus Perkiraan Pengaturan Beban .............................................. 97

BAB VI PENUTUP ................................................................................................... 99

6.1. Kesimpulan ..................................................................................................... 99

6.2. Saran Untuk Perusahaan .............................................................................. 99

DAFTAR PUSTAKA............................................................................................... 100

LAMPIRAN ............................................................................................................. 101