Periode
Distribusi Log
Ulang Gumbell
(Tahun) Normal Pearson III
5 208.110 204.205 207.717
10 232.920 219.208 223.663
15 243.368 225.345 229.230
Luas Area
Petak Panjang (m) Lebar (m) Luas (Ha)
A 200 260 5.2
B 210 200 4.2
C 200 300 6
D 500 200 10
Panjang Lahan
Luas Area Kemiringan
Petak (Lt)
(Ha)
(m) Lahan (%)
A 5.2 328.024 1
B 4.2 290.000 1.5
C 6 360.555 2
D 10 538.516 1.25
METODE GUMBELL
Rumus untuk perhitungan Distribusi Probabilitas Gumbel di bawah ini
XT = X + S * K
dimana :
XT = hujan rencana (mm)_
X = nilai rata-rata dari hujan
S = Standar deviasi dari data hujan
K = Faktor frekuensi Gumbel
Periode Curah
Ulang T Hujan
Ytr Yn Sn K X S
Rencana
(Tahun)
(mm)
5 1.5004 0.5157 1.0316 0.955 175.563 34.098 208.110
10 2.251 0.5157 1.0316 1.682 175.563 34.098 232.920
15 2.5671 0.5157 1.0316 1.989 175.563 34.098 243.368
Koefisien Variasi (Cv)
S
Cv =
X
34.098
Cv =
175.563
Cv = 0.194
Koefisien Skewness
n
Cs = (n-1)x(n-2)x (Xi - X)^3
S^3
16
Cs = 138930.258
8325298.089
Cs = 0.267
Koefisien Kurtosis
n
Ck = (n-1)x(n-2)- (Xi-X)^4
(n-3)x S^4
16
Ck = 43814113.687
3690370563
Ck = 0.190
METODE DISTRIBUSI NORMAL
Curah Hujan
Tahun (Xi - X)^2
Xi (mm)
2000 125 2556.566
2001 200 597.191
2002 210 1185.941
2003 140 1264.691
2004 136 1565.191
2005 175 0.316
2006 225 2444.066
2007 180 19.691
2008 190 208.441
2009 170 30.941
2010 150 653.441
2011 130 2075.941
2012 185 89.066
2013 243 4547.816
2014 165 111.566
2015 185 89.066
Jumlah 2809 17439.938
Rata-Rata (X) 175.563
Standar Deviasi (S) 34.098
Periode
Ulang T Curah Hujan Rencana
X S Kt
(mm)
(Tahun)
5 175.563 34.098 0.84 204.205
10 175.563 34.098 1.28 219.208
15 175.563 34.098 1.46 225.345
Koefisien Variasi (Cv)
S
Cv =
X
34.098
Cv =
175.563
Cv = 0.194
Koefisien Skewness
n
Cs = (Xi - X)^3
(n-1)x(n-2)x S^3
16
Cs = 138930.258
8325298.089
Cs = 0.267
Koefisien Kurtosis
n
Ck = (Xi-X)^4
(n-1)x(n-2)-(n-3)x S^4
16
Ck = 43814113.687
3690370563
Ck = 0.190
METODE LOG PEARSON TIPE III
Curah Hujan
Tahun Log Xi Log X (Log Xi - Log X)^2 (Log Xi - Log X)^3
Xi (mm)
2000 125 2.097 2.244 0.021763 -0.003210
2001 200 2.301 2.244 0.003203 0.000181
2002 210 2.322 2.244 0.006051 0.000471
2003 140 2.146 2.244 0.009664 -0.000950
2004 136 2.134 2.244 0.012297 -0.001364
2005 175 2.243 2.244 0.000002 0.000000
2006 225 2.352 2.244 0.011610 0.001251
2007 180 2.255 2.244 0.000118 0.000001
2008 190 2.279 2.244 0.001178 0.000040
2009 170 2.230 2.244 0.000196 -0.000003
2010 150 2.176 2.244 0.004670 -0.000319
2011 130 2.114 2.244 0.017027 -0.002222
2012 185 2.267 2.244 0.000517 0.000012
2013 243 2.386 2.244 0.019930 0.002814
2014 165 2.217 2.244 0.000726 -0.000020
2015 185 2.267 2.244 0.000517 0.000012
Jumlah 2809 35.787 0.109469 -0.003306
Rata-Rata (X) 175.563
Standar Deviasi (S) 0.0854
Koefisien Skewness
(G) -0.404
Periode Ulang T Curah Hujan Rencana
LOG X S K Log Xt Anti Log Xt
(Tahun) (mm)
5 2.244 0.0854 0.855 2.317 207.717 207.717
10 2.244 0.0854 1.231 2.350 223.663 223.663
15 2.244 0.0854 1.356 2.360 229.230 229.230
Koefisien Skewness
n
Cs = (Log Xi - Log X)^3
(n-1)x(n-2)x S^3
16
Cs = -0.003306
0.130924427
Cs = -0.404
Metode Gumbell
Koefisien Skewness
n
Cs = (Xi - X)^3
(n-1)x(n-2)x S^3
16
Cs = 138930.258
8325298.089
Cs = 0.267
Metode D. Normal
Koefisien
Skewness
n
Cs = (Xi - X)^3
(n-1)x(n-2)x S^3
16
Cs = 138930.258
8325298.089
Cs = 0.267
Koefisien Kurtosis
n
Ck = (Xi-X)^4
(n-1)x(n-2)-(n-3)x S^4
16
Ck = 43814113.687
3690370563
Ck = 0.190
tc = to + td
Ls
td =
v
ket. :
A = Luas areal (Ha)
Ls = Panjang Saluran (m)
Lt = Panjang lahan terjauh (m)
St = Kemiringan lahan (%)
to = Waktu untuk mengalir dari permukaan lahan ke saluran terdekat (menit)
td = Waktu pengaliran dalam saluran (menit)
tc = Waktu pengumpulan air (menit)
Cs = Koefisien penampungan
Cr = Koefisien pengaliran rata-rata
I = Intensitas curah hujan (mm/jam)
v = Kecepata rencana (m/dtk)
(diasumsikan, v = 0.4 m/dtk)
PERHITUNGAN DEBIT
Saluran A0 - A1
diketahui data-data sbb :
AL = 5.20 Ha = 52000 m2
Ls = 250 m
Lt = 328.02 m
St = 1.0 %
0.77
Lt
to = 0.0197 x St
0.77
328.0244
to = 0.0197 x
1.0000
to = 1.7050 menit
Ls
td = v= 0.4 m/det
v
250
td = = 10.4167 menit
0.4 x 60
tc = to + td
tc = 1.7050 + 10.4167
tc = 12.1216 menit
2 tc 24.2433
Cs = =
2 tc + td 24.2433 + 10.4167
= 0.6995
Cr = 0.300
0.77
290.0000
to = 0.0197 x
1.2247
to = 1.3265 menit
Ls
td = v= 0.4 m/det
v
270
td = = 11.2500 menit
0.4 x 60
tc = to + td
tc = 1.3265 + 11.2500
tc = 12.5765 menit
2 tc 25.1531
Cs = =
2 tc + td 25.1531 + 11.2500
= 0.6910
Cr = 0.500
0.2329 24
I10 = ( )2/3 = 0.00097 m/dtk
24 754.592
Qs = 0.00278 x Cs x Cr x I x A
Qs = 0.00278 x 0.691 x 0.500 x 0.00097 x 42000
3
Qs = 0.0393 m /dtk
Qkomulatif = Q (B0-B1)
= 0.0393
= 0.0393 m3/dtk
Saluran A1 - A2
Qkumulatif = Q(A0-A1) + Q(B0-A1)
= 0.0696 m3/dtk
Saluran C0 - A2
diketahui data-data sbb :
AL = 6.00 Ha = 60000 m2
Ls = 200 m
Lt = 360.56 m
St = 2.0 %
0.77
Lt
to = 0.0197 x
St
0.77
360.5551
to = 0.0197 x
1.4142
to = 1.4042 menit
Ls
td = v= 0.4 m/det
v
200 = 8.3333 menit
td =
0.4 x 60
tc = to + td
tc = 1.4042 + 8.3333
tc = 9.7376 menit
2 tc 19.4751
Cs = =
2 tc + td 19.4751 + 8.3333
= 0.7003
Cr = 0.400
Qs = 0.00278 x Cs x Cr x I x A
Qs = 0.00278 x 0.7003 x 0.400 x 0.00116 x 60000
3
Qs = 0.0540 m /dtk
Qkomulatif = Q (C0-A2)
= 0.0540
= 0.0540 m3/dtk
Saluran A2-A3
Qkomulatif = Q(A1-A2) + Q(C0-A2)
= 0.1236 m3/dtk
Saluran D0 - A3
diketahui data-data sbb :
AL = 10.00 Ha = 100000 m2
Ls = 150 m
Lt = 538.52 m
St = 1.25 %
0.77
x Lt
to = 0.0197
St
0.77
538.5165
to = 0.0197 x
1.1180
to = 2.2918 menit
Ls
td = v= 0.4 m/det
v
150
td = = 6.2500 menit
0.4 x 60
tc = to + td
tc = 2.2918 + 6.2500
tc = 8.5418 menit
2 tc 17.0836
Cs = =
2 tc + td 17.0836 + 6.2500
= 0.7321
Cr = 0.320
Penentuan Intensitas dengan Metode Mononobe Untuk periode ulang T = 10 tahun
dimana : tc = 8.5418 menit = 512.5087552 dtk
R10 Thn = 0.2329 m
0.2329 24
I10 = ( )2/3 = 0.00126 m/dtk
24 512.509
Qs = 0.00278 x Cs x Cr x I x A
Qs = 0.00278 x 0.7321 x 0.320 x 0.00126 x 100000
Qs = 0.0821 m3/dtk
Qkomulatif = Q (D0-A3)
= 0.0821
= 0.0821 m3/dtk
Saluran A3-A4
Qkomulatif = Q(A2-A3) + Q(D0-A3)
= 0.2057 m3/dtk
REKAPITULASI PERHITUNGAN DEBIT RENCANA
Debit Rencana Untuk Periode Ulang 10 Tahun
Aliran Permukaan Aliran dalam saluran Curah Hujan Luas Q Q
Nama tc
Lt to Ls V td Cs Cr T I (A) Rencana Kumulatif
saluran St
(m) menit (m) m/dtk menit menit Thn m/dtk m2 (m3/det) (m3/det)
A0 - A1 328.0244 1 1.7050 250 0.4 10.4167 12.1216 0.6995 0.3 10 0.001043 52000 0.03165 0.03165
B0 - A1 290 1.5 1.3265 270 0.4 11.25 12.5765 0.6910 0.5 10 0.001018 42000 0.04106 0.04106
A1 - A2 0 0 0 100 0.4 4.1667 4.1667 0.6667 0 10 0.002126 0 0 0.07271
C0 - A2 360.5551 2 1.4042 200 0.4 8.3333 9.7376 0.7003 0.4 10 0.001207 60000 0.05641 0.05641
A2 - A3 0 0 0 300 0.4 12.5 12.5 0.6667 0 10 0.001022 0 0 0.12912
D0 - A3 538.5165 1.25 2.2918 150 0.4 6.25 8.54181 0.73215 0.32 10 0.001317 100000 0.08581 0.08581
A3 - A4 0 0 0 350 0.4 14.5833 14.5833 0.6667 0 10 0.000922 0 0 0.21492
PERHITUNGAN DIMENSI SALURAN
Contoh Perhitungan I
Saluran A0 - A1
Dimensi saluran bentuk trapesium
Dimana:
- Kecepatan rencana (v) = 0.4 m/dtk
- Koefisien kekasaran Manning (n) = 0.02
- Kemiringan talud rencana (m : n) = 1 : 2
T
1 h 2 h
m
Penampang Ekonomis
b= 1.5 h
P =
= 1.5h + 2h.√(1 + 1)
= 1.5 h + 2h . √2
= 4.3284271 h
( 2.5.h2 )5 1/3 n. Q
2
= 1/2
; n= 0.02
(4.328.h) S
Q 3
8
5.2134539 h = 0.0000080 1/2
S
3
8
Q
h = 0.00000153
S1/2
Q 3/8
h = 0.18761
S1/2 ……………(2)
Contoh Perhitungan II
Saluran B0 - A1
Dimensi saluran bentuk trapesium
Dimana:
- Kecepatan rencana (v) = 0.4 m/dtk
- Koefisien kekasaran Manning (n) = 0.04
- Kemiringan talud rencana (m : n) = 1 : 2
T
1 h 2 h
m
Penampang Ekonomis
b= 1.5 h
P =
= 1.5h + 2h.√(1 + 0.25)
= 1.5 h + 2h . √1.25
= 3.736068 . h
( 2.h2 )5 1/3 n. Q
2
= 1/2
; n= 0.04
(3.7361.h) S
32 h10 0.04 . Q 3
=
13.958204 h2 S1/2
Q 3
2.2925586 h8 = 0.0000640 1/2
S
3
8
Q
h = 0.00002792
S1/2
Q 3/8
A = n. Q
p2/3 = S1/2
( 2.h2 )5 1/3 n. Q
2
= 1/2
; n= 0.04
(3.7361.h) S
32 h10 0.04 . Q 3
=
13.958204 h2 S1/2
Q 3
8
2.2925586 h = 0.0000640 1/2
S
3
8
Q
h = 0.00002792
S1/2
Q 3/8
h = 0.26961
S1/2 ……………(2)
Contoh Perhitungan III
Saluran A1 – A2
Dimensi saluran bentuk trapesium
Dimana:
- Kecepatan rencana (v) = 0.4 m/dtk
- Koefisien kekasaran Manning (n) = 0.04
- Kemiringan talud rencana (m : n) = 1 : 2
T
1 h 2 h
m
Penampang Ekonomis
b= 1.5 h
P =
= 1.5h + 2h.√1 + 2.25
= 1.5 h + 2h . √3.25
= 5.1055513 h
Dari persamaan 1, didapat :
A5/3 = n. Q
2/3
p = S1/2
( 2.5.h2 )5 1/3 n. Q
2
= 1/2
; n= 0.04
(4.328.h) S
Q 3
8
9.3222552 h = 0.0000640 1/2
S
3
8
Q
h = 0.00000687
S1/2
Q 3/8
h = 0.22625
S1/2
PERHITUNGAN DIMENSI SALURAN
Q Dimensi Saluran V
Nama v w Q saluran
maks A h b n m P R S saluran
Saluran
3
m /dt m/dt m2 m m m m/dtk m3/dtk
A0 - A1 0.0316 0.400 0.025 0.0992 0.149 0.020 1.000 0.429 0.057 0.030 0.325 1.287 0.0316
B0 - A1 0.0411 0.400 0.053 0.1626 0.244 0.040 0.500 0.608 0.087 0.025 0.341 0.776 0.0411
A1 - A2 0.0727 0.400 0.086 0.1691 0.254 0.040 1.500 0.863 0.099 0.025 0.342 0.848 0.0727
C0 - A2 0.0564 0.400 0.051 0.1589 0.238 0.020 0.500 0.594 0.085 0.030 0.340 1.675 0.0846
A2 - A3 0.1291 0.400 0.101 0.2120 0.318 0.030 0.750 0.848 0.119 0.025 0.353 1.277 0.1291
D0 - A3 0.0858 0.400 0.072 0.1691 0.254 0.025 1.000 0.732 0.098 0.020 0.342 1.200 0.0858
A3 - A4 0.2149 0.400 0.085 0.2383 0.357 0.015 1.000 0.834 0.102 0.030 0.360 2.523 0.2149