PERENCANAAN KETAHANAN GEMPA

STRUKTUR GEDUNG DENGAN SANSPRO

APARTEMEN BUAH BATU RESIDENCE
BANDUNG

Oleh:

DR. Ir. Nathan Madutujuh, MSc

Ir. Herry Essen

PT ANUGRAH MULTI CIPTA KARYA

DESAIN FOR NEW INDONESIAN EARTHQUAKE MAP

ENGINEERING SOFTWARE RESEARCH CENTER
ICAT – UNIVERSITAS NURTANIO
Bandung, 26 FEBRUARI 2011
1. PENDAHULUAN
Pemilik bangunan:
PT. MENARA KARSA MANDIRI

Perencana Arsitektur:
PT. MENARA KARSA MANDIRI

Perencana M/E:
PT. STRONG

Perencana Struktur &

Teknik Sipil:
PT. AMCK

Konsultan MK:
PT. AMCK

Kontraktor :
PT. CBM
1. PENDAHULUAN
 Gedung tinggi
kembar 4:
Tower B, Tower D,
Tower AC, Tower E

 Masing-masing tower:
21 lapis

 Tidak ada basement

 Tinggi total: 63.40 m

 Luas bangunan total:
82,500 m2
1. PENDAHULUAN
Perkembangan
pelaksanaan:

 Pekerjaan pondasi tiang

pancang spun pile
φ 40 cm (Kap = 100 ton)

 Test PDA (Pile Driving Analysis)

 Galian Pilecap, Tie beam

 Pekerjaan Corewall

 Pekerjaan Kolom, balok,

Lantai
1. PENDAHULUAN
2. DATA TANAH DAN KEGEMPAAN

Bandung :
Wilayah Gempa 4

Wilayah Gempa Indonesia dgn Percepatan puncak batuan dasar dgn periode ulang 500 tahun
2. DATA TANAH DAN KEGEMPAAN

Wilayah Gempa Indonesia dgn Percepatan puncak batuan dasar dgn periode ulang 2500 tahun
2. PERBANDINGAN GEMPA LAMA DAN BARU
Perbandingan Nilai Cd (Lama vs Baru)
Bangunan Menengah 15 Lt, Medium Soil

Kota 2003 2010 % Diff

Jakarta 0.022 0.023 4.5
Padang 0.034 0.044 29.4
Aceh 0.030 0.044 46.7
Bandung 1 0.026 0.038 46.2
Bandung 2 0.026 0.027 3.8
Jogja 0.026 0.031 19.2
Palu 0.026 0.075 188.5
Balikpapan 0.014 0.017 21.4
Jayapura 0.030 0.075 150.0
Nias 0.034 0.075 120.6
2. DATA TANAH DAN KEGEMPAAN
Depth (m) m
0,00
GWL –1,00
Layer
∑ ti
30
N=6 1
N= m
i= 1
= = 9,0 < 15
3,34
-2,00 Silty clay, soft, organic materials, fill material Su = 25 kPa
N=3 2
∑
i= 1
t i /N i
-8,00 Clayey silt/silty clay, very soft, organic materials Su = 20 kPa
N=9 3
-11,00 Clayey silt, stiff, silty sand lenses, loose Su = 40 kPa
N = 19 4
m

∑
-13,00 Clayey silt, silty sand lenses, very stiff Su = 70 kPa
N > 50 5 ti
30
-15,00 Silty sand, very dense Su = 60 kPa
Su = m
i= 1
= = 44,1 < 50
N = 24 6
0,68
-18,50 Clayey silt, very stiff, hard Su = 95 kPa
N = 50 7
∑i= 1
t i /Sui
-24,50 Silty sand, very dense, clayey silt, hard Su=100 kPa
N = 23 8
-30,50 Clayey silt, very stiff, silty sand lenses, dense Su = 90 kPa
N > 50 9
-34,50 Silty sand, very dense Su=170 kPa
N = 19 10 Jenis Tanah di Lokasi
-44,50 Silty clay, very stiff Su = 75 kPa
N = 30 11 Gedung:
-49,00 Silty sand, medium dense Su=200 kPa

-61,00 Silty clay, very stiff

N = 25
Su=100 kPa
12 TANAH LUNAK
Profil tanah representatif dgn parameter N dan Su tiap lapisan
2. DATA TANAH DAN KEGEMPAAN SNI-1726-2003

Data Kegempaan: 0.85

0.85

 Percepatan puncak
batuan dasar: 0,20 g

 Percepatan puncak ``
muka tanah: 0,34 g

 Percepatan respons
maksimum: 0,85 g

Gambar Spektrum Respons Gempa Rencana

3. STRUKTUR ATAS
3.1. SISTEM STRUKTUR

 Sistem struktur merupakan

Portal Daktail (balok-
kolom-wall system)
 Nilai R yang diambil = 7.5

 Kedalaman pondasi
pancang spun pile= 15m
 Masing-masing tower
dimodelkan secara
sendiri,karena tidak ada
penyatuan di level lt.dasar
TAMPAK MODE SHAPE -1 DARI TOWER D ABB nya.
3. STRUKTUR ATAS
3.1. SISTEM STRUKTUR
 Eksentrisitas rencana antara
Pusat Massa Lantai dan Pusat
Rotasi Lantai ditinjau untuk
masing-masing arah gempa

 Kekakuan unsur struktur:

penampang retak, balok dengan
lantai sebagai balok-T

 Modulus elastisitas untuk analisis

statik akibat beban gravitasi:
sesuai mutu beton, untuk
analisis thd beban gempa dan
vibrasi bebas: dinaikkan 30%

 Jumlah tingkat 21 > 10; Tinggi

TAMPAK MODE SHAPE -1 DARI TOWER D ABB
total 63,40m > 40 m; Pengaruh
P-Delta diperhitungkan
3. STRUKTUR ATAS
3.2. KARAKTERISTIK DINAMIK STRUKTUR
Eigen Value (w2)
-------------------------------------------
Mode Eigen Omega, w To
-------------------------------------------
1 4.51726 2.12538 2.95626
2 8.02955 2.83365 2.21735
3 11.51830 3.39386 1.85134
4 39.02434 6.24695 1.00580
5 51.04569 7.14463 0.87943
6 106.64341 10.32683 0.60843
7 132.93162 11.52960 0.54496
8 200.25998 14.15132 0.44400
9 216.34873 14.70880 0.42717
-------------------------------------------
Summation of Mass Matrix
Translational Mass, Mx = 1.3079E+004
Translational Mass, Mz = 1.3079E+004
Rotational Mass, My = 3.8538E+01019313
-------------------------------------------
3. STRUKTUR ATAS
Modal Direction Factor (MDF)
-------------------------------------------------------
Mode MDF,Dx MDF,Dz MDF,Ry Dominant Movement
-------------------------------------------------------
1 0.016333 0.980513 0.003155 Translational, DZ
2 0.649857 0.019032 0.331112 Translational, DX
3 0.332224 0.001078 0.666698 Rotational, RY
4 0.132895 0.169551 0.697554 Rotational, RY
5 0.003743 0.820560 0.175697 Translational, DZ
6 0.120983 0.060639 0.818377 Rotational, RY
7 0.866801 0.010197 0.123002 Translational, DX
8 0.000067 0.928243 0.071690 Translational, DZ
9 0.119155 0.051288 0.829557 Rotational, RY
-------------------------------------------------------

Persyaratan:
 T1 ≤ 0,18 jml tingkat = 0,18 x 25 = 3,57 det
T1= 2,96 det, T2= 2,22 det, T3 = 1,85 det (OK)
 Gerak ragam ke-1 harus dominan dalam translasi
Gerak ragam ke-2, dominan dalam translasi-X (OK)
Gerak ragam ke-3, dominan dalam rotasi (OK)
3. STRUKTUR ATAS

Animasi Ragam 1 Animasi Ragam 2 Animasi Ragam 3

T=2,96 detik T=2,22 detik T=1,85 detik
3. STRUKTUR ATAS
Pada analisis dinamik dan beban lateral, penampang perlu dikoreksi
terhadap retak sebagai berikut:
Kolom/balok : 50%
Wall, major : 50%
Wall, minor : 50%
Pelat : 50%
3. STRUKTUR ATAS
3.3. RESPONS DINAMIK STRUKTUR TERHADAP GEMPA
3. STRUKTUR ATAS

Earthquake Load Generator Program Sanspro

3. STRUKTUR ATAS
3.4. KEKUATAN STRUKTUR
Dasar:
Perencanaan beban dan kuat terfaktor
Menahan pengaruh gempa dalam 2 arah simultan,
100% dalam satu arah, 30% dalam arah tegak lurus

Pembebanan Ultimit U :
Struktur Atas
U = 1,2 Dn + 1,6 Ln
U = 1,05 (Dn + Ln ± 1,0 Enx ± 0,3 Eny)
U = 1,05 (Dn + Ln ± 0,3 Enx ± 1,0 Eny)
U = 0,90 Dn + 1,10 (± 1,0 Enx ± 0,3 Eny)
U = 0,90 Dn + 1,10 (± 0,3 Enx ± 1,0 Eny)
3. STRUKTUR ATAS
3. STRUKTUR ATAS

3.5. KINERJA STRUKTUR

 Kinerja batas layan

 Kinerja batas ultimit

Struktur gedung ini memenuhi kedua

persyaratan di atas
3. STRUKTUR ATAS

Computer Program SANSPRO V.4.91

Structural Analysis and Design
(C) Nathan Madutujuh, ESRC, 2008
Licensee : Ir. Nathan Madutujuh, MSc, Bandung
Project :
Model File : D:\Apartmn Bubat Tower E\ABB-Tower D.MDL
Date : 02\02\2009
Output : Building Floor Displacement (Rigid Floor Only)
Code Requirements (SNI-1726-2003) :
Interstory Drift max:
Service : dmax1 = 0.03*hi/R <= 30 mm
Ultimate : dmax2 = 0.02*hi/scale
scale = 0.7*R/BCF
Rx = Ductility Factor, X Direction = 7.50
Rz = Ductility Factor, Z Direction = 7.50
BCF VX = Base Shear Correction Factor, Vx = 1.31
BCF VZ = Base Shear Correction Factor, Vz = 1.63
Separation of buildings (Building Dilatation) :
min. distance = abs(delta1+delta2)*0.7*R/BCF >= 0.025*hi
delta1, delta2 = max lateral displacement of all nodes on all floors
Minimum distance of two buildings = sum of max displ. from each buildings
3. STRUKTUR ATAS
DRIFT X-DIRECTION, MASTER NODES
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
| Drift X-Direction Node Load Maximum Drift
Floor | Min Max Id Comb Service Ultimate STATUS
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
1 -0.058 0.061 1805,1805 5, 2 3.000 1.503 OK
2 -0.110 0.115 1806,1806 5, 2 3.000 1.503 OK
3 -0.142 0.147 1807,1807 5, 2 3.000 1.503 OK
4 -0.166 0.170 1808,1808 5, 2 3.000 1.503 OK
5 -0.183 0.186 1809,1809 5, 2 3.000 1.503 OK
6 -0.195 0.197 1810,1810 5, 2 3.000 1.503 OK
7 -0.204 0.205 1811,1811 5, 2 3.000 1.503 OK
8 -0.217 0.218 1812,1812 5, 2 3.000 1.503 OK
9 -0.221 0.221 1813,1813 5, 2 3.000 1.503 OK
10 -0.224 0.223 1814,1814 5, 2 3.000 1.503 OK
11 -0.225 0.224 1815,1815 5, 2 3.000 1.503 OK
12 -0.229 0.228 1816,1816 5, 2 3.000 1.503 OK
13 -0.229 0.226 1817,1817 5, 2 3.000 1.503 OK
14 -0.228 0.224 1818,1818 5, 2 3.000 1.503 OK
15 -0.227 0.221 1819,1819 5, 2 3.000 1.503 OK
16 -0.230 0.225 1820,1820 5, 2 3.000 1.503 OK
17 -0.221 0.214 1821,1821 5, 2 3.000 1.503 OK
18 -0.211 0.203 1822,1822 5, 2 3.000 1.503 OK
19 -0.201 0.191 1823,1823 5, 2 3.000 1.503 OK
20 -0.190 0.179 1824,1824 5, 2 3.000 1.503 OK
21 -0.181 0.167 1825,1825 5, 2 3.000 1.503 OK
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
Maximum Displacement: Min= -4.092, Max= 4.046
3. STRUKTUR ATAS
DRIFT X-DIRECTION, ALL NODES
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
| Drift X-Direction Node Load Maximum Drift
Floor | Min Max Id Comb Service Ultimate STATUS
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
1 -0.077 0.078 83, 83 5, 2 3.000 1.503 OK
2 -0.148 0.149 165, 165 5, 2 3.000 1.503 OK
3 -0.186 0.189 247, 247 5, 2 3.000 1.503 OK
4 -0.210 0.214 329, 329 5, 2 3.000 1.503 OK
5 -0.227 0.231 411, 411 5, 2 3.000 1.503 OK
6 -0.238 0.244 493, 493 5, 2 3.000 1.503 OK
7 -0.247 0.254 575, 575 5, 2 3.000 1.503 OK
8 -0.260 0.269 657, 657 5, 2 3.000 1.503 OK
9 -0.262 0.271 739, 739 5, 2 3.000 1.503 OK
10 -0.262 0.273 821, 821 5, 2 3.000 1.503 OK
11 -0.260 0.273 903, 903 5, 2 3.000 1.503 OK
12 -0.266 0.281 985, 985 5, 2 3.000 1.503 OK
13 -0.264 0.281 1067,1067 5, 2 3.000 1.503 OK
14 -0.262 0.280 1149,1149 5, 2 3.000 1.503 OK
15 -0.262 0.282 1231,1231 5, 2 3.000 1.503 OK
16 -0.271 0.292 1313,1313 5, 2 3.000 1.503 OK
17 -0.255 0.277 1395,1395 5, 2 3.000 1.503 OK
18 -0.240 0.263 1477,1477 5, 2 3.000 1.503 OK
19 -0.222 0.246 1559,1559 5, 2 3.000 1.503 OK
20 -0.203 0.227 1641,1641 5, 2 3.000 1.503 OK
21 -0.188 0.214 1723,1723 5, 2 3.000 1.503 OK
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
Maximum Displacement: Min= -4.813, Max= 5.088
3. STRUKTUR ATAS
DRIFT Z-DIRECTION, MASTER NODES
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
| Drift Z-Direction Node Load Maximum Drift
Floor | Min Max Id Comb Service Ultimate STATUS
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
1 -0.113 0.097 1805,1805 9, 6 3.000 1.861 OK
2 -0.259 0.211 1806,1806 9, 6 3.000 1.861 OK
3 -0.353 0.276 1807,1807 9, 6 3.000 1.861 OK
4 -0.420 0.315 1808,1808 9, 6 3.000 1.861 OK
5 -0.468 0.338 1809,1809 9, 6 3.000 1.861 OK
6 -0.503 0.349 1810,1810 9, 6 3.000 1.861 OK
7 -0.527 0.352 1811,1811 9, 6 3.000 1.861 OK
8 -0.554 0.358 1812,1812 9, 6 3.000 1.861 OK
9 -0.568 0.350 1813,1813 9, 6 3.000 1.861 OK
10 -0.578 0.339 1814,1814 9, 6 3.000 1.861 OK
11 -0.583 0.325 1815,1815 9, 6 3.000 1.861 OK
12 -0.596 0.315 1816,1816 9, 6 3.000 1.861 OK
13 -0.596 0.296 1817,1817 9, 6 3.000 1.861 OK
14 -0.594 0.276 1818,1818 9, 6 3.000 1.861 OK
15 -0.589 0.257 1819,1819 9, 6 3.000 1.861 OK
16 -0.595 0.247 1820,1820 9, 6 3.000 1.861 OK
17 -0.581 0.216 1821,1821 9, 6 3.000 1.861 OK
18 -0.564 0.185 1822,1822 9, 6 3.000 1.861 OK
19 -0.545 0.153 1823,1823 9, 6 3.000 1.861 OK
20 -0.525 0.123 1824,1824 9, 6 3.000 1.861 OK
21 -0.528 0.074 1825,1825 9, 6 3.000 1.861 OK
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
Maximum Displacement: Min=-10.639, Max= 5.451
3. STRUKTUR ATAS
DRIFT Z-DIRECTION, ALL NODES
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
| Drift Z-Direction Node Load Maximum Drift
Floor | Min Max Id Comb Service Ultimate STATUS
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
1 -0.195 0.166 1, 1 9, 6 3.000 1.861 OK
2 -0.420 0.354 1, 1 9, 6 3.000 1.861 OK
3 -0.532 0.443 1, 1 9, 6 3.000 1.861 OK
4 -0.594 0.486 1, 1 9, 6 3.000 1.861 OK
5 -0.627 0.505 1, 1 9, 6 3.000 1.861 OK
6 -0.643 0.509 1, 1 9, 6 3.000 1.861 OK
7 -0.648 0.502 1, 1 9, 6 3.000 1.861 OK
8 -0.656 0.497 1, 1 9, 6 3.000 1.861 OK
9 -0.642 0.473 1, 1 9, 6 3.000 1.861 OK
10 -0.631 0.446 72, 1 8, 6 3.000 1.861 OK
11 -0.660 0.421 72, 1 8, 6 3.000 1.861 OK
12 -0.693 0.409 72, 1 8, 6 3.000 1.861 OK
13 -0.706 0.391 72, 1 8, 6 3.000 1.861 OK
14 -0.707 0.382 72, 1 8, 6 3.000 1.861 OK
15 -0.697 0.380 72, 1 8, 6 3.000 1.861 OK
16 -0.681 0.409 72, 1 8, 6 3.000 1.861 OK
17 -0.644 0.402 72, 1 8, 6 3.000 1.861 OK
18 -0.614 0.387 1, 1 9, 6 3.000 1.861 OK
19 -0.585 0.358 1, 1 9, 6 3.000 1.861 OK
20 -0.561 0.315 72, 1 8, 6 3.000 1.861 OK
21 -0.597 0.343 72, 1 9, 6 3.000 1.861 OK
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
Maximum Displacement: Min=-12.733, Max= 8.579
3. STRUKTUR ATAS
3.6. KEKUATAN STRUKTUR

Desain kapasitas:
Harus dipenuhi prinsip “kolom kuat balok
lemah”: kapasitas (momen leleh) penampang
kolom harus lebih besar dari kapasitas (momen
leleh) penampang baloknya disetiap pertemuan
berdasarkan tulangan terpasang
Panel pertemuan balok-kolom tdk boleh gagal
dlm geser lebih dahulu pada saat sendi-sendi
plastis terjadi pada ujung balok
3. STRUKTUR ATAS
3.7. DETAIL PENULANGAN COREWALL
Penulangan area boundary wall dan edge wall
SANSPRO For Windows V.4.90 - Output
Concrete Shearwall Stress and Design Calculation
Using Shearwall Design Group Code
Using ACI-2002 and PBI-2003 Concrete Code
(C) Nathan Madutujuh, 1989-2008

ASSUMPTIONS:
- Wall Thickness is already included for Area and Static Moment
- Each shearwall plane must be assigned a SAME and UNIQUE group id number
- All wall segments in a plane must have equal group id number
- Elements in a Group must have equal Thickness/Properties
- Shearwall for floor f1 is the one supporting floor f1 (below floor)
- Static Moment is calculated at centroid of element group

Stress Calculation from QUAD4 Shell Element:

(For shear panel, only Qx,Qy,Txy available, others are zero.

a. Plane stress b. Plate bending

Syy
+----+ +----+
| | | |
| | Sxx | | Mxx,Mxy,Qx
+----+ +----+
Txy Myy,Mxy,Qy
 FLOOR # 1, LEVEL= 300.00, WALL LAYOUT=1
AR IN MAJOR DIRECTION -------------- MOMENT AND SHEAR IN MINOR DIRECTION ------------ BOUNDARY EDGES
Forces | Edge Vert. Horiz.| Factored Forces |Vert. Horiz. Horiz.| Boundary
Vmax Mmax |Rebar Spcv Spch | Vminor Mminor|Spcv Spch spcvh | Lb Hb
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
155594.5 10661669.0|15d19 d12-354 d13-122| 0.0 877719.2|d12-233 d13- 933 72 | 93.33 280.
101561.9 2336622.9|10d19 d12-354 d13-124| 0.0 461276.0|d12-206 d13- 617 72 | 61.67 185.
93698.3 3257828.4|10d19 d12-354 d13-138| 0.0 581533.5|d12-206 d13- 617 72 | 61.67 185.
281112.2 10825521.7|16d19 d12-354 d13- 63| 0.0 543031.8|d12-250 d13-1000 72 |100.00 300.
174001.6 7016226.4|11d19 d12-354 d13- 67| 0.0 388605.6|d12-217 d13- 650 72 | 65.00 195.
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
TERiMA KASiH