Nama Kelompok :

1. ………………………………………………..
2. ………………………………………………..
3. ………………………………………………..
4. ………………………………………………..
5. ………………………………………………..
Konsep Relasi dan Cara Penyajiannya

Kompetensi
Dasar
3.3 Mendeskripsikan dan menyatakan relasi dan fungsi dengan
menggunakan berbagai representasi (kata-kata, tabel, grafik, diagram,
dan persamaan).
4.3 Menyelesaikan masalah yang berkaitan dengan relasi dan fungsi
dengan menggunakan berbagai representasi.

Indikator

3.2.1 Memahami konsep relasi dari masalah kontekstual.

3.2.2 Menyatakan relasi dengan menggunakan berbagai representasi (kata-

kata, tabel, grafik, diagram, dan persamaan).

4.2.1 Menyelesaikan masalah yang berkaitan dengan relasi dengan

menggunakan berbagai representasi.

1 Lembar Kerja Siswa “Relasi dan Fungsi” SMP/MTs Kelas VIII

 Konsep Fungsi dan Cara Penyajiannya

Ayo
Mengamati

Pernakah kamu mengamati negara-negara anggota ASEAN? Disana ada beberapa negara dengan
masing-masing ibu kota kotanya. Adakah negara yang memiliki lebih dari satu ibu kota?

Nah, Jika ibu kota dari masing-masing negara dikumpulkan dalam satu himpunan yaitu A dan negara-
negara di Asia Tenggara negara dikumpulkan dalam himpunan B, maka:

1. Relasi apa yang dapat digunakan untuk menghubungkan himpunan A dan B?

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2. Lengkapi diagram panah dibawah ini!

3. Apakah setiap Anggota himpunan A mempunyai hubungan dengan anggota himpunan B?

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4. Apakah setiap Anggota himpunan A mempunyai hubungan dengan hanya satu anggota himpunan B?

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Lembar Kerja Siswa “Relasi dan Fungsi” SMP/MTs Kelas VIII 2

 Ayo
Mengamati

Sekarang ayo amati relasi dari himpunan A ke himpunan B di bawah ini!

Ayo
Menanya

Buatlah pertanyaan berdasarkan hasil pengamatan kalian pada gambar diagram dari himpunan A ke
himpunan B diatas, Kemudian tuliskan pertanyaanmu pada kolom berikut.

1. ……………………………………………………..…………………………………………………………………………………….?

2. …………………………………………………………………………………………….…………..………………………………...?

3. ...…….…………..……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..?

3 Lembar Kerja Siswa “Relasi dan Fungsi” SMP/MTs Kelas VIII

 Ayo
Menganalisis

Setelah kamu mengamati beberapa gambar relasi dari himpunan A ke himpunan B, dapatkah kamu
mengatakan apa saja syarat fungsi dari himpunan A ke himpunan B?

Penyelesaian:

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Penyajian Fungsi
Misalkan fungsi f dari P = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5} ke Q = {1,2 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10}
Relasi yang didefinisikan adalah “setengah kali dari”
Maka, permasalahan diatas dapat dinyatakan dalam 5 cara:

Cara 1: Himpunan pasangan berurutan

Diketahui fungsi f dari P = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5} ke Q = {1,2 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10}
Relasi yang didefinisikan adalah “setengah kali dari”
Relasi ini dapat dinyatakan dinyatakan dengan himpunan pasangan berurut sebagai berikut:
f = {(1,2),……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….}

Cara 2: Diagram panah

Diketahui:
fungsi f dari P = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5} ke Q = {1,2 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10}
Relasi yang didefinisikan adalah “setengah kali dari”
Relasi ini dapat dinyatakan dinyatakan dengan diagram panah
sebagai berikut:

Lembar Kerja Siswa “Relasi dan Fungsi” SMP/MTs Kelas VIII 4

 Cara 3: Dengan persamaan fungsi
Diketahui: fungsi f dari P = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5} ke Q = {1,2 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10}
Relasi yang didefinisikan adalah “setengah kali dari”
Relasi ini dapat dinyatakan dinyatakan dengan rumus fungsi sebagai berikut:
Dengan memperhatikan pola berikut:

(1, 2) → (1, 2 × 1) Kalau anggota P kita sebut x dan anggota Q kita sebut y, maka
(2, ...) → (2, 2 ×… ) 1 1
x y .Dari x  y kita dapatkan y= …
2 2
(… , 6) → (3, … × 3) Bentuk ini biasa kita tuliskan y= f(x)= …
(… ,… ) → (…. , … × …) Inilah yang dinyatakan sebagai rumus fungsi
(… ,… ) → (… , …. ×….)

Cara 4: Dengan tabel

Diketahui: fungsi f dari P = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5} ke Q = {1,2 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10}
Relasi yang didefinisikan adalah “setengah kali dari”
Relasi ini dapat dinyatakan dinyatakan dengan tabel sebagai berikut:

x 1 2 3 4 5

f(x) … … 6 … ...

Cara 5: Dengan grafik

Diketahui:
fungsi f dari P = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5} ke Q = {1,2 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10}
Relasi yang didefinisikan adalah “setengah kali dari”
Relasi ini dapat dinyatakan dinyatakan dengan grafik sebagai
berikut:

5 Lembar Kerja Siswa “Relasi dan Fungsi” SMP/MTs Kelas VIII

 Ayo
Mencoba

1. Tentukanlah digaram panah dibawah ini yang merupakan fungsi atau bukan fungsi!

gambar (a) gambar (b) gambar (c) gambar (d)

Penyelesaian :

Gambar (a) = ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………

Gambar (b) = ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………

Gambar (c) = …………………………………………………………………………………………………………….

Gambar (d) = …………………………………………………………………………………………………………….

2. Misalkan f adalah sebuah fungsi dari himpunan R = {2, 3, 4, 5} ke himpunan S = {4, 5, 6, 7} yang
didefinisikan dengan tabel berikut:

x 2 3 4 5

f(x) 4 5 6 7

Nyatakan f dengan cara:

a. Himpunan pasangan terurut

b. Persamaan fungsi

c. Grafik

Penyelesaian:

………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

Lembar Kerja Siswa “Relasi dan Fungsi” SMP/MTs Kelas VIII 6

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7 Lembar Kerja Siswa “Relasi dan Fungsi” SMP/MTs Kelas VIII

 Ayo
Mengkomunikasikan

Apa yang dimaksud dengan fungsi?

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Lembar Kerja Siswa “Relasi dan Fungsi” SMP/MTs Kelas VIII 8

 Latihan Soal

Bu Erna adalah seorang penjual kue cubit. Dia membuat

adonan kuenya tersebut dibantu oleh anaknya. Dalam sekali
membuat adonan kue, ia dapat menghasilkan 135 kue cubit.
Jika Bu Erna hanya memiliki satu loyang yang berisi delapan
cetakan kue cubit (seperti pada gambar) untuk memasak,
maka berapa kali Bu Erna harus memasak semua
adonannya?

Penyelesaian:

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9 Lembar Kerja Siswa “Relasi dan Fungsi” SMP/MTs Kelas VIII

Jika dalam sekali membuat adonan kue diperlukan biaya sebesar Rp.240.000,- dan Bu Erna menjual
setiap kue cubitnya dengan harga Rp.2000,-. Maka berapa keuntungan yang diperoleh Bu Erna? Dan
berapa prosentase keuntungan yang diperoleh Bu Erna?

Penyelesaian:

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Apakah peletakan kue cubit dalam loyang merupakan sebuah fungsi? Jelaskan pendapat kalian!

Penyelesaian:
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Lembar Kerja Siswa “Relasi dan Fungsi” SMP/MTs Kelas VIII 10