Saluran trapezium dengan b= 3 m, z= 1 m, Io = 0,0015, n= 0,017.

Terdapat pintu air di hilir saluran

𝑚3
yang mengakibatkan muka air naik menjadi 4 m pada debit 19 ⁄𝑠 . Hitung profil muka air sampai
kedalaman 5% lebih dari kedalaman normal dengan metode integrasi (∆y = 0,1 m).

Jawaban :

a) Q = AxV
2⁄
1 (𝑏 + 𝑌𝑛) × 𝑌𝑛 3 1⁄
Q = (𝑏 + 𝑌𝑛) × 𝑌𝑛 × × ( ) ×𝐼 2
𝑛 𝑏 + 2𝑌𝑛√1 + 𝑍 2
2⁄
1 (3 + 𝑌𝑛) × 𝑌𝑛 3 1⁄
19 = (3 + 𝑌𝑛) × 𝑌𝑛 × ×( ) × 0,0015 2
0,017 3 + 2𝑌𝑛√1 + 𝑍 2

Yn = 1,725 m

(𝑏+𝑌𝑐)×𝑌𝑐
b) Q = (𝑏 + 𝑌𝑐) × 𝑌𝑐 × √𝑔 ×
𝑏+2×𝑍×𝑌𝑐

(3+𝑌𝑐)×𝑌𝑐
19 = (3 + 𝑌𝑐) × 𝑌𝑐 × √9,81 × 3+2×1×𝑌𝑐

Yc = 1,364 m

Karena Y > Yn > Yc maka profil aliran adalah M1

c) Kedalaman 5% lebih dari kedalaman normal :

1,725 x 5% = 0,086 m
1,725 + 0,086 = 1,811 m
 i y T A P R If f(y) ∆x x
1 4 11 28 14,31 1,956 5,44E-05 678,995 0 0
2 3,9 10,8 26,91 14,03 1,918 6,05E-05 680,499 67,975 67,975
3 3,8 10,6 25,84 13,75 1,880 6,74E-05 682,232 68,137 136,111
4 3,7 10,4 24,79 13,47 1,841 7,52E-05 684,239 68,324 136,460
5 3,6 10,2 23,76 13,18 1,802 8,43E-05 686,574 68,541 136,864
6 3,5 10 22,75 12,90 1,764 9,46E-05 689,304 68,794 137,335
7 3,4 9,8 21,76 12,62 1,725 1,07E-04 692,514 69,091 137,885
8 3,3 9,6 20,79 12,33 1,686 1,20E-04 696,313 69,441 138,532
9 3,2 9,4 19,84 12,05 1,646 1,36E-04 700,840 69,858 139,299
10 3,1 9,2 18,91 11,77 1,607 1,55E-04 706,278 70,356 140,214
11 3 9 18 11,49 1,567 1,77E-04 712,870 70,957 141,313
12 2,9 8,8 17,11 11,20 1,527 2,03E-04 720,946 71,691 142,648
13 2,8 8,6 16,24 10,92 1,487 2,33E-04 730,960 72,595 144,286
14 2,7 8,4 15,39 10,64 1,447 2,69E-04 743,561 73,726 146,321
15 2,6 8,2 14,56 10,35 1,406 3,12E-04 759,698 75,163 148,889
16 2,5 8 13,75 10,07 1,365 3,64E-04 780,822 77,026 152,189
17 2,4 7,8 12,96 9,79 1,324 4,27E-04 809,248 79,504 156,530
18 2,3 7,6 12,19 9,51 1,282 5,04E-04 848,921 82,908 162,412
19 2,2 7,4 11,44 9,22 1,240 5,98E-04 907,120 87,802 170,711
20 2,1 7,2 10,71 8,94 1,198 7,15E-04 998,925 95,302 183,104
21 2 7 10 8,66 1,155 8,61E-04 1161,399 108,016 203,318
22 1,9 6,8 9,31 8,37 1,112 1,05E-03 1516,547 133,897 241,913
23 1,811 6,622 8,712721 8,12 1,073 1,25E-03 2542,442 180,625 314,522

Contoh perhitungan :

a) T = b + 2. z. y

T = 3 + 2.1.3,9

T = 10,8 m

b) A = (b + z. y)y

A = (3 + 1.3,9)3,9

A = 26,91 m

c) P = b + 2y√1 + 𝑧 2

P = 3 + 2.3,9. √1 + 12

P = 14,03 m
 𝐴
d) R = 𝑃

26,91
R = 14,03

R = 1,918

𝑛2 ×𝑄2
e) If = 4
𝐴2 ×𝑅 ⁄3

0,0172 ×192
If = 4
26,912 ×1,918 ⁄3

If = 6,05 × 10−5

𝑄2 𝑇
1−
𝑔𝐴3
f) f(y) = 𝐼𝑜−𝐼𝑓

192 ×10,8
1−
9,81×26,913
f(y) = 0,0015−6,05×10−5

f(y) = 680,499
(𝑓(𝑦)𝑖+𝑓(𝑦)𝑖+1)
g) ∆x = | 2
× (𝑦(𝑖 + 1) − 𝑦(𝑖))|

(𝑓(𝑦)1+𝑓(𝑦)2)
∆x = | 2
× (𝑦(2) − 𝑦(1))|

(678,995+680,499)
∆x = | 2
× (3,9 − 4)|

∆x = 67,975 m

h) x = ∆x1 + ∆x2

x = 0 + 67,975

x = 67,975 m