KATA PENGANTAR

Puji syukur kami panjatkan atas kehadirat Tuhan Yang Maha Esa atas
limpahan rahmat serta hidayah-Nya sehingga tugas makalah yang berjudul
“Resume Keperawatan Medikal Bedah (Sistem Kardiovaskular)” ini dapat
terselesaikan pada waktu yang telah di tentukan.

Dalam penyusunan makalah ini masih banyak kekeliruan dan kekurangan

serta masih jauh dari kesempurnaan. Oleh karena itu, kami sangat mengharapkan
kritik dan saran dari pembaca yang besifat konstruktif dan membangun demi
kesempurnaan penyusun ke depannya.

Tugas makalah ini tidak mungkin dapat terselesaikan tanpa bantuan,

arahan serta bimbingan dari berbagai pihak. Maka, dari itu izinkan kami
menyampaikan ucapan terima kasih kepada semua pihak yang telah membantu
menyelesaikan tugas ini.

Akhir kata semoga tugas ini dapat bermanfaat bagi kita semua khususnya
kami penyusunnya.

Parepare, 1 Desember 2018

Penulis

i
 DAFTAR ISI

KATA PENGANTAR .......................................................................................i

DAFTAR ISI .....................................................................................................ii

BAB I ANATOMI & FISIOLOGI

A. Struktur Makroskopis ..............................................................................2

B. Struktur Mikroskopis .............................................................................4
C. Sistem Konduksi Jantung .......................................................................6
D. Elektrofisiologi Jantung .........................................................................7
E. Siklus Jantung ........................................................................................8
F. Regulasi Jantung ....................................................................................9

BAB II INFLAMASI PADA JANTUNG

A. Definisi ....................................................................................................11
B. Etiologi ...................................................................................................12
C. Manifestasi Klinis ...................................................................................13
D. Patofisiologi ............................................................................................13
E. Asuhan Keperawatan ..............................................................................15

BAB III ATEROSKLEROSIS (PENYAKIT ARTERI KORONER)

A. Definisi ....................................................................................................21
B. Etiologi ....................................................................................................21
C. Patofisiologi ............................................................................................22
D. Manifestasi Klinis ...................................................................................22
E. Pemeriksaan Penunjang ..........................................................................22
F. Pencegahan ..............................................................................................23
G. Penatalaksanaan Medis ...........................................................................23
H. Asuhan Keperawatan ..............................................................................24

BAB IV ANGINA PEKTORIS

A. Definisi ....................................................................................................27

ii
 B. Etiologi ....................................................................................................27
C. Patofisiologi ............................................................................................28
D. Manifestasi Klinis dan Komplikasi .........................................................28
E. Pemeriksaan Penunjang ..........................................................................28
F. Penatalaksanaan ......................................................................................29
G. Asuhan Keperawatan ..............................................................................30

BAB V INFARK MIOKARD

A. Definisi ....................................................................................................38
B. Etiologi ....................................................................................................38
C. Patofisiologi ............................................................................................39
D. Manifestasi Klinis dan Komplikasi .........................................................39
E. Pemeriksaan Penunjang ..........................................................................40
F. Asuhan Keperawatan ..............................................................................40

BAB VI HIPERTENSI
A. Definisi ....................................................................................................49
B. Etiologi ....................................................................................................50
C. Patofisiologi ............................................................................................51
D. Manifestasi Klinis dan Komplikasi .........................................................51
E. Pemeriksaan Penunjang ..........................................................................52
F. Penatalaksanaan ......................................................................................53
G. Asuhan Keperawatan ..............................................................................53

BAB VII GAGAL GINJAL

A. Definisi ....................................................................................................63
B. Etiologi ....................................................................................................63
C. Patofisiologi ............................................................................................65
D. Manifestasi Klinis ...................................................................................66
E. Pemeriksaan Penunjang ..........................................................................67
F. Penatalaksanaan ......................................................................................67
G. Asuhan Keperawatan ..............................................................................67

iii
BAB VIII SYOK KARDIOGENIK
A. Definisi ....................................................................................................78
B. Etiologi ....................................................................................................78
C. Patofisiologi ............................................................................................78
D. Manifestasi Klinis ...................................................................................79
E. Pemeriksaan Penunjang ..........................................................................79
F. Penatalaksanaan ......................................................................................79
G. Asuhan Keperawatan ..............................................................................80

DAFTAR PUSTAKA

iv