DAFTAR ISI

HALAMAN JUDUL ..................................................................................... i

KATA PENGANTAR ................................................................................... ii

LEMBAR PENGESAHAN .......................................................................... iv

LEMBAR ASISTENSI ................................................................................. v

DAFTAR ISI .................................................................................................. vi

DAFTAR GAMBAR ..................................................................................... xiii

DAFTAR TABEL ......................................................................................... xvii

BAB I PENDAHULUAN .............................................................................. 1

1.1 Latar Belakang Kerja Praktek .......................................................... 1

1.2 Tujuan Kerja Praktek ....................................................................... 1

1.3 Ruang Lingkup Pembahasan ........................................................... 2

1.4 Metode Pengumpulan Data .............................................................. 3

1.5 Sistematika Penulisan Laporan ........................................................ 4

BAB II TINJAUAN UMUM PROYEK ...................................................... 7

2.1 Latar Belakang Proyek .................................................................... 7

2.2 Maksud dan Tujuan Proyek ............................................................. 8

2.3 Lokasi Proyek dan Site Plan ............................................................ 8

2.3.1 Lokasi Proyek ...................................................................... 8

2.3.2 Situasi Proyek ...................................................................... 9

2.4 Data-data Proyek ............................................................................. 9

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 2.4.1 Data Umum ......................................................................... 9

2.4.2 Data Teknis ......................................................................... 10

2.5 Sumber Dana Proyek ....................................................................... 11

2.6 Ruang Lingkup Pekerjaan ................................................................ 11

BAB III MANAJEMEN PROYEK ............................................................. 12

3.1 Uraian Umum .................................................................................. 12

3.2 Organisasi Pelaksanaan Proyek ....................................................... 13

3.3 Unsur-unsur Pengelola Proyek ........................................................ 15

3.3.1 Pemilik Proyek (Owner) ...................................................... 16

3.3.2 Pejabat Pembuat Komitmen (PPK) ..................................... 16

3.3.3 Konsultan Perencana ........................................................... 17

3.3.4 Konsultan Pengawas ........................................................... 18

3.3.5 Kontraktor ........................................................................... 19

3.4 Hubungan Kerja Antar Unsur Pengelola Proyek ............................. 24

3.5 Manajemen Pelaksanaan di Lapangan ............................................. 25

3.5.1 Perijinan .............................................................................. 26

3.5.2. Pelaksanaan ........................................................................ 26

3.5.3 Pengawasan ......................................................................... 26

3.5.4 Pengendalia (Controlling) ................................................... 26

3.6 Pembayaran Termin ......................................................................... 30

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BAB IV PERENCANAAN KONSTRUKSI ............................................... 31

4.1 Tinjauan Umum ............................................................................... 31

4.2 Tahap-tahap Perencanaan ................................................................ 32

4.3 Perencanaan Arsitektur .................................................................... 33

4.4 Perencanaan Struktur ....................................................................... 33

4,4,1 Perencanaan Struktur Bawah .............................................. 37

4.4.2 Perencanaan Struktur Atas .................................................. 42

4.4.3 Perencanaan Struktur Atap .................................................. 46

BAB V PERALATAN, MATERIAL, DAN TENAGA KERJA ............... 49

5.1 Uraian Umum .................................................................................. 49

5.2 Sistem Pengadaan Barang dan Peralatan ......................................... 50

5.3 Peralatan Kerja ................................................................................. 51

5.3.1 Mesin Hidrolik HSPD ......................................................... 51

5.3.2 Mobile Crane ....................................................................... 52

5.3.3 Mini Excavator .................................................................... 52

5.3.4 Concrete Vibrator ............................................................... 53

5.3.5 Truck Mixer ......................................................................... 54

5.3.6 Dump Truck ......................................................................... 54

5.3.7 Scaffolding ........................................................................... 55

5.3.8 Bar Bender .......................................................................... 55

5.3.9 Concrete Mixer .................................................................... 56

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 5.3.10 Mesin Las Listrik .............................................................. 56

5.3.11 Cutting Wheel .................................................................... 57

5.3.12 Pompa Air ......................................................................... 57

5.3.13 Bar Cutter Portable ........................................................... 58

5.3.14 Generator Set .................................................................... 58

5.3.15 Concrete Pump Truck ........................................................ 59

5.3.16 Bekisting ............................................................................ 59

5.3.17 Peralatan Lain .................................................................... 60

5.4 Material atau Bahan-bahan .............................................................. 60

5.4.1 Beton Ready Mix ................................................................. 61

5.4.2 Air Kerja .............................................................................. 63

5.4.3 Agregat ................................................................................ 63

5.4.4 Semen (Portland Cement) ................................................... 65

5.4.5 Baja Tulangan ..................................................................... 66

5.4.6 Batu Bata Merah .................................................................. 68

5.4.7 Beton Decking ..................................................................... 69

5.4.8 Cakar Ayam ......................................................................... 70

5.4.9 Multiplek .............................................................................. 70

5.4.10 Bahan Pelengkap Pekerjaan .............................................. 71

5.5 Tenaga Kerja .................................................................................... 74

5.5.1 Jenis Tenaga Kerja .............................................................. 74

5.5.2 Waktu Kerja ........................................................................ 75

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 5.5.3 Sistem Pengupahan ............................................................. 76

BAB VI PELAKSANAAN PEKERJAAN .................................................. 78

6.1 Uraian Umum .................................................................................. 78

6.2 Pekerjaan Persiapan ......................................................................... 79

6.2.1 Persiapan Administrasi ........................................................ 79

6.2.2 Persiapan Lapangan ............................................................. 80

6.2.2.1 Mobiliasasi dan Demobilisasi ................................. 80

6.2.2.2 Pengadaan Sarana Penunjang ................................. 81

6.2.2.3 Pemagaran Lokasi ................................................... 82

6.2.2.4 Penyediaan Air dan Listrik ..................................... 83

6.2.2.5 Papan Nama Proyek ................................................ 83

6.3 Pekerjaan Struktur Bawah ............................................................... 84

6.3.1 Pekerjaan Tiang Pancang (Mini Pile) .................................. 84

6.3.2 Pekerjaan Pile Cap .............................................................. 87

6.3.3 Pekerjaan Kolom Pedestal ................................................... 92

6.3.4 Pekerjaan Pondasi Batu Belah ............................................. 94

6.3.5 Pekerjaan Sloof .................................................................... 97

6.4 Pekerjaan Struktur Atas ................................................................... 100

6.4.1 Kolom .................................................................................. 100

6.4.2 Balok dan Plat Lantai .......................................................... 106

6.4.3 Dinding Geser (Shear Wall) ................................................ 113

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BAB VII PENGENDALIAN DAN PERMASALAHAN PROYEK ......... 119

7.1 Pengendalian Proyek ....................................................................... 119

7.1.1 Pengendalian Mutu .............................................................. 119

7.1.1.1 Pengendalian Mutu Bahan ...................................... 119

7.1.1.2 Pengendalian Mutu Beton ....................................... 121

7.1.1.3 Pengendalian Kekuatan Pondasi ............................. 123

7.1.2 Pengendalian Waktu ............................................................ 125

7.1.3 Pengendalian Biaya ............................................................. 126

7.2 Permasalahan Proyek dan Solusi Permasalahan .............................. 127

7.2.1 Permasalahan Proyek .......................................................... 127

7.2.1.1 Pembesian Proyek ................................................... 127

7.2.1.2 Jumlah Tulangan Utama dan Jarak Sengkang ........ 128

7.2.1.3 Akses Jalan Kurang Memadai ................................ 130

7.2.1.4 Keroposan Pada Cor Beton ..................................... 131

7.2.1.5 Kerusakan Bekisting Kolom ................................... 133

7.2.1.6 Alat Berat Mogok ................................................... 135

7.2.1.7 Tenaga Proyek Tidak Menggunakan APD ............. 135

7.2.1.8 Letak Bahan Material Tidak di Gudang ................. 136

7.2.1.9 Manajemen dan Koordinasi Pada Pengecoran

Kaca ....................................................................... 137

7.2.1.10 Keterlambatan Progres Pelaksanaan ..................... 138

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BAB VIII PENUTUP .................................................................................... 139

8.1 Kesimpulan ...................................................................................... 139

8.2 Saran ............................................................................................. 141

DAFTAR PUSTARA ....................................................................................

LAMPIRAN .............................................................................................

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 DAFTAR GAMBAR

Gambar 2.1 Peta Lokasi Proyek Pembangunan Gedung Wanita

Kabupaten Demak ...................................................................... 8

Gambar 2.2 Situasi Proyek Pembangunan Gedung Wanita

Kabupaten Demak ...................................................................... 9

Gambar 3.1 Struktur Organisasi .................................................................... 14

Gambar 3.2 Struktur Organisasi Kontraktor .................................................. 19

Gambar 3.3 Hubungan Kerja ......................................................................... 24

Gambar 4.1 Dimensi Tiang Pancang ............................................................. 39

Gambar 4.2 Letak Tiang Pancang Dalam Satu Pile Cap .............................. 40

Gambar 4.3 Detail Pondasi Batu Belah ......................................................... 41

Gambar 4.4 Detail Sloof ................................................................................ 42

Gambar 5.1 Hydraulic Static Pile Driver (HSPD) ........................................ 51

Gambar 5.2 Mobile Crane ............................................................................. 52

Gambar 5.3 Mini Excavator .......................................................................... 53

Gambar 5.4 Concrete Vibrator ...................................................................... 53

Gambar 5.5 Truck Mixer ............................................................................... 54

Gambar 5.6 Dump Truck ............................................................................... 54

Gambar 5.7 Scaffolding ................................................................................. 55

Gambar 5.8 Bar Bender ................................................................................. 55

Gambar 5.9 Concrete Mixer .......................................................................... 56

Gambar 5.10 Mesin Las Listrik ..................................................................... 56

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Gambar 5.11 Bar Cutter Maktec MT243 ...................................................... 57

Gambar 5.12 Pompa Air ................................................................................ 57

Gambar 5.13 Bar Cutter Portable ................................................................. 58

Gambar 5.14 Generator Set ........................................................................... 58

Gambar 5.15 Concrete Pump Truck .............................................................. 59

Gambar 5.16 Bekisting .................................................................................. 60

Gambar 5.17 Beton Ready Mix ...................................................................... 62

Gambar 5.18 Agregat Kasar .......................................................................... 65

Gambar 5.19 Portland Cement ...................................................................... 66

Gambar 5.20 Tulangan Polos ........................................................................ 67

Gambar 5.21 Tulangan Ulir ........................................................................... 68

Gambar 5.22 Batu Bata Merah ...................................................................... 68

Gambar 5.23 Proses Pembuatan Beton Decking ........................................... 69

Gambar 5.24 Beton Decking ......................................................................... 70

Gambar 5.25 Cakar Ayam ............................................................................. 70

Gambar 5.26 Multiplek .................................................................................. 71

Gambar 5.27 Kawat Bendrat ......................................................................... 72

Gambar 5.28 Paku ......................................................................................... 72

Gambar 5.29 Bahan Campuran Tambahan ................................................... 74

Gambar 6.1 Demobilisasi HSPD ................................................................... 81

Gambar 6.2 Direksi Keet ............................................................................... 82

Gambar 6.3 Pemagaran Area Proyek ............................................................ 84

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Gambar 6.4 Papan Nama Proyek ................................................................... 84

Gambar 6.5 Memasukkan Mini Pile ke Clamping Box ................................. 85

Gambar 6.6 Menyambung Joint Mini Pile ................................................... 86

Gambar 6.7 Pembongkaran Ujung Mini Pile ................................................ 86

Gambar 6.8 Pembesian Pile Cap Shear Wall ................................................ 88

Gambar 6.9 Penyambungan Pile Cap dengan Mini Pile ............................... 88

Gambar 6.10 Penyedotan Air di Area Pile Cap ............................................ 89

Gambar 6.11 Pengecoran Pile Cap ............................................................... 90

Gambar 6.12 Pembongkaran Bekisting Pile Cap .......................................... 91

Gambar 6.13 Urugan Pile Cap ..................................................................... 91

Gambar 6.14 Pembesian Kolom Pedestal ...................................................... 93

Gambar 6.15 Detail Pondasi Batu Belah ....................................................... 95

Gambar 6.16 Penyusunan Batu Belah ........................................................... 96

Gambar 6.17 Urugan Pondasi Batu Belah ..................................................... 97

Gambar 6.18 Detail Ukuran Sloof ................................................................. 97

Gambar 6.19 Pembesian Sloof ....................................................................... 98

Gambar 6.20 Bekisting Sloof ......................................................................... 99

Gambar 6.21 Pengecoran Sloof ..................................................................... 99

Gambar 6.22 Penentuan Titik As Kolom ...................................................... 101

Gambar 6.23 Pembesian Kolom .................................................................... 102

Gambar 6.24 Pemasangan Bekisting Kolom ................................................. 103

Gambar 6.25 Penyetelan Bekisting Kolom ................................................... 103

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Gambar 6.26 Slump Test ................................................................................ 105

Gambar 6.27 Pengecoran Kolom .................................................................. 106

Gambar 6.28 Pemasangan Scaffolding Untuk Menopang Bekisting ............. 108

Gambar 6.29 Pemasangan Bekisting Plat Lantai .......................................... 108

Gambar 6.30 Pembesian Balok ..................................................................... 109

Gambar 6.31 Pembesian Plat Lantai .............................................................. 110

Gambar 6.32 Pengecoran Balok dan Plat Lantai ........................................... 112

Gambar 6.33 Pembongkaran Bekisting Balok dan Plat Lantai ..................... 113

Gambar 6.34 Pembesian Shear Wall ............................................................. 114

Gambar 6.35 Bekisting Shear Wall ............................................................... 115

Gambar 6.36 Pengecoran Shear Wall ............................................................ 117

Gambar 6.37 Pembesian Tangga ................................................................... 118

Gambar 7.1 Pengukuran Slump Test ............................................................. 122

Gambar 7.2 Bahan Uji Silinder ..................................................................... 123

Gambar 7.3 Pasang Strain Transducer dan Accelerometer .......................... 124

Gambar 7.4 Memasukkan Data Tiang Pancang di PDA PAX ...................... 124

Gambar 7.5 Data Hasil PDA Test .................................................................. 125

Gambar 7.6 Tulangan Sengkang 90° ............................................................. 127

Gambar 7.7 Tulangan Sengkang 135° ........................................................... 128

Gambar 7.8 Pembuatan Sengkang Dengan Bar Bender ................................ 128

Gambar 7.9 Jarak Sengkang Berbeda Dengan Perencanaan ........................ 129

Gambar 7.10 Detail Penulangan Balok ......................................................... 130

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Gambar 7.11 Truck Mixer Amblas ................................................................ 130

Gambar 7.12 Pembuatan Timbunan untuk Jalan ........................................... 131

Gambar 7.13 Beton Keropos ......................................................................... 132

Gambar 7.14 Penambalan Beton Keropos ..................................................... 133

Gambar 7.15 Bahan Tambahan ..................................................................... 133

Gambar 7.16 Kerusakan Bekisting Kolom .................................................... 134

Gambar 7.17 Bekisting Kolom Dengan Sabuk Bekisting ............................. 134

Gambar 7.18 Alat Berat Mogok .................................................................... 135

Gambar 7.19 Pekerja Proyek Tidak Menggunakan APD .............................. 136

Gambar 7.20 Material Tidak Diletakkan di Gudang ..................................... 137

xvii
 DAFTAR TABEL

Tabel 4.1 Berat sendiri bangunan dan komponen gedung .............................. 35

Tabel 4.2 Beban Hidup ................................................................................... 36

Tabel 4.3 Tabel Ukuran Kolom ...................................................................... 44

Tabel 4.4 Ukuran Balok .................................................................................. 44

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