PERKEMBANGAN

ENTERTAIMENT-
EDUCATION
David O. Poindexter
President of Population Communication International
Perkembangan di U.S.

Hobbies, or Choice: The

Population
Talk Back Things are Fine Imperative of
project
(1959) with Furbushers Tomorrow
(1970)
(1967) (1967)
Talk Back (1959)

■ Drama televisi berdurasi 13 menit.

■ Disponsori oleh Methodist Church.
■ Topik berkaitan dengan persoalan-persoalan kehidupan, namun disajikan
tanpa solusi.
■ Tiap episode terdapat tiga panel dr professional yang memberikan
tanggapan untuk ‘Apa yang harus dilakukan jika masyarakat menghadapi
permasalahan tersebut’.
■ Disiarkan di wilayah Portland, Oregon U.S.
 Hobbies, or Things are Fine with Forbushers
(1967)

■ Drama televisi berdurasi 30 menit, disiarkan oleh CBS News.

■ Topik berkaitan dengan analisis kritis tentang incisive examination of the
U.S.psyche, American culture, and the country’s actions in Vietnam.
■ Program pertama yang membahas tentang keterlibatan U.S di Vietnam
 Choice: The Imperative of Tomorrow
(1967)

■ Ditayangkan sebagai serial selama 5 minggu.

■ It dealt with the knowledge explosion, the information explosion, the population
explosion, and the aspiration explosion, coupled with the pervasive social
problems of global poverty, environmental degradation, the gender gap, and more.
■ Melibatkan 45 komponen nonpemerintah.
■ 45 komite local dibentuk di US dan Canada.
■ Ratusan bahkan ribuan komen dan diskusi diterima oleh komite local tersebut.
■ Gagasan menggabungkan siaran televisi dengan kelompok diskusi lokal terbukti
memiliki dampak yang cukup besar.
 Population Project
(1970)
■ Tujuan utama adalah untuk kampanye kontrol kelahiran.
■ Genre drama dan komedi.
■ Ditonton 140 juta, dengan 80 juta menonton dua kali.
■ Dalam 5 tahun terjadi perubahan budaya, dan baby boom tidak lagi menjadi
ancaman.
PERKEMBANGAN DI
LUAR U.S.
Dialogo (1970)

■ Program talk show radio di Costa Rica.

■ Dialogo (Dialogue) was a radio talk show that tackled hitherto taboo
topics like sex, contraception, and family planning.
■ Dialogo’s impact on its audience was substantial, especially upon the
most poor, most rural, and least-educated people
 Acompaname
(1977)
■ Dikembangkan oleh Miguel Sabido.
■ Acompaname, the world’s first family planning television serial drama.
■ On the September, the population growth rate of Mexico was 3.1% per
annum, which meant the nation’s population would double in a little more
than two decades. But, because of Acompáname, the population growth rate
of Mexico will come down 0.4% in the next year.
■ Setelah 9 bulan penayangan, peserta program KB meningkat 33%, penjualan
alat kontrasepsi menjadi 23%, dibandingkan hanya 7% pada tahun
sebelumnya.
 Hum Log (We people)
(1984)
■ Sabido’s methodology mencetuskan India untuk mengembangkan jaringan televisi nasionalnya.
Yang semula coverage 14% menjadi lebih dari 70%.
■ Karena audience yang luas, maka faktor hiburan menjadi hal yang esensial untuk keberhasilan.
■ At certain climactic points in the plot, 90% of the potential audience was watching. Hum Log
broadcasts continued for 18 months.
■ Singhal and Rogers (1989) found that:
– 70% of the viewers indicated they had learned from Hum Log that women should have
equal opportunities,
– 68% had learned that women should have the freedom to make their personal decisions in
life, and 71% had learned that family size should be limited.
– Over 400,000viewers were stimulated to write letters to the Indian television network or to
various characters in the soap opera. Ninety percent of these letters dealt with plot
suggestions, asked for help or advice, or reported actions that had been stimulated by
viewing Hum Log.
 E-E world wide

■ Program perencanaan keluarga di televisi dan radio di Kenya.

■ Program perencanaan keluarga di tv Brasil.
■ Perubahan status perempuan dan jumlah penduduk di India dengan program tv.
■ Serial tv, program radio dan media cetak di Philiphina.
■ The television series that resulted was titled Zhonguo Baixing (Ordinary Chinese People). It dealt
with the status of girl children and women.
■ Siaran tv tentang control kelahiran di Tanzania pada 1990.
■ Opera sabun Apwe Plezi (After the Pleasure Comes the Pain) tentang saving the islands’ tropical
rain forest and a unique inhabitant di St Lucia.
■ successful radio soap opera entitled Tinka Tinka Sukh (Happiness Lies in Small Pleasures) in
1996–1997 di India dan Pakistan.
 Lesson learn (1 of 2)

■ If properly designed and implemented, the mass media can convey the essential information
messages to help carry out a national development policy in population, HIV/AIDS control,
female equality, and protection of the environment.
■ The goal of such a mass media E-E effort is to achieve wide spread change in behaviors that lead
to development in a nation.
■ To achieve such massive behavior change, a methodology that informs and motivates mainly by
stimulating interpersonal communication among peers is needed.
■ The E-E methodology has been demonstrated to be effective. E-E was designed by Miguel
Sabido, and is based on relevant social science theory, such as Bandura’s social modeling theory.
E-E methodology demands adequate funding, competent management, formative and summative
research, and the best creative talent in production, particularly in scriptwriting.
Lesson learn (2 of 2)

■ Extensive research on the effects of dozens of E-E projects over the past 25 years
established that this methodology is transferable and effective in achieving behavior
change.
■ An E-E project requires a basis in cultural values and must have a moral foundation in
national and international documents.