BAB II
2.1 Umum
101
99
97
95
93
91
89
ELEVASI (m)
87
85
83
81
Kom. Volume Genangan
79
Luas Genangan
77
75
73
71
0.00 10,000.00 20,000.00 30,000.00 40,000.00 50,000.00 60,000.00 70,000.00
dimana :
Q = debit yang mengalir pada kedalaman tertentu (m3/det)
R = jari-jari hidrolis = A/P (m)
A = luas penampang basah (m2)
P = keliling basah (m)
D = lebar konduit (m)
S = kemiringan konduit
N = koefisien kekasaran Manning
dimana :
D = diameter konduit
HA = tinggi air di atas inlet konduit
HA + ZA = HL + ZB
dimana :
HA = tinggi air di atas inlet (m)
ZA-ZB = perbedaan tinggi antara inlet dan outlet
HL = total kehilangan tinggi
HL = He + Hf1 + Hcon + H
dimana :
He = kehilangan tinggi akibat entrance
Hf = kehilangan tinggi akibat geseran
Hcon = kehilangan tinggi akibat kontraksi (penyempitan)
Ho = kehilangan tinggi akibat perubahan kecepatan
pada outlet
V1 2 V1 2 V 2 2 V 2 2
H = Ke + Kf + Kcon. +Ko
2g 2g 2g 2g
V2
H = Ke Kf Kcon Ko
2g
Shape of Inlet Ki
a. Circular inlet with bell-mouth 0,1
b. Rectangular inlet with bell-mouth 0,2
c. Square edged inlet without bell-mouth 0,5
Sumber Sumber : Design of Small Dam, hal. 472.
300
Kf1 = 19,58 . 0,0142 . ( 4 ) = 1,007 m
1,105 3
2
V
H = 0,50 1,007 0,2 0,1
2g
2
V
= 1,807
2g
2g H
V =
1,148
Dan
Q = A.V
B = 3.500 m
H = 3.500 m
D= 3.500 m
H L = 272.900 m
h EL.inlet = 71.000 m
h EL.outlet = 69.908 m
Slope = 0.004
n = 0.014 (beton)
B B
Δh = 0.7
Elevasi h h/D V A Q
(m2) 3
Muka air (m) (m/det) (m /det)
(m)
75.200 4.200 1.200 5.818 12.250 71.265
80.000 9.000 2.571 8.928 12.250 109.370
81.000 10.000 2.857 9.448 12.250 115.740
82.000 11.000 3.143 9.941 12.250 121.778
83.000 12.000 3.429 10.411 12.250 127.530
84.000 13.000 3.714 10.860 12.250 133.033
85.000 14.000 4.000 11.291 12.250 138.318
Elevasi H S S Q Q
(m) (m) (10 x m3)
6
t 2
71.0 0.000 0.283 157.083 0.0 0.000 157.083 157.083
71.7 0.700 0.360 199.861 13.9 6.972 192.889 206.833
72.4 1.400 0.447 248.194 37.4 18.721 229.473 266.916
73.1 2.100 0.545 302.917 64.4 32.190 270.727 335.107
73.8 2.800 0.668 370.972 93.0 46.514 324.458 417.486
74.1 3.080 0.728 404.455 102.9 51.464 352.991 455.919
74.4 3.360 0.816 453.590 112.8 56.414 397.176 510.005
74.6 3.640 0.905 502.725 122.7 61.364 441.361 564.090
74.9 3.920 0.993 551.860 132.6 66.315 485.546 618.175
75.2 4.200 1.109 615.845 142.5 71.265 544.580 687.109
80.0 9.000 3.621 2011.696 218.7 109.370 1902.326 2121.066
81.0 10.000 4.248 2359.941 231.5 115.740 2244.200 2475.681
82.0 11.000 4.910 2727.877 243.6 121.778 2606.099 2849.655
83.0 12.000 5.608 3115.507 255.1 127.530 2987.977 3243.037
84.0 13.000 6.341 3522.828 266.1 133.033 3389.795 3655.862
t I (I1+I2) Y j H O Elevasi
3 3 350
(Jam) m /det 2 (m) m /det (m)
0.0 0.000 - - - 0.000 0.000 71.000
0.5 19.980 9.990 157.083 167.073 0.141 2.800 71.141 300
1.0 40.330 30.155 164.273 194.428 0.525 10.468 71.525 Inflow
1.5 147.520 93.925 183.961 277.886 1.513 41.776 72.513
2.0 262.470 204.995 236.110 441.105 2.972 99.112 73.972 250 Outflow
2.5 275.620 269.045 341.992 611.037 3.883 131.323 74.883
et)
3.0 294.090 284.855 479.715 764.570 4.459 146.646 75.459
d
/
200
3
3.5 307.030 300.560 617.924 918.484 4.974 154.826 75.974
4.0 319.630 313.330 763.657 1076.987 5.505 163.250 76.505
m
4.5 311.650 315.640 913.737 1229.377 6.015 171.350 77.015
it(
150
b
5.0 296.450 304.050 1,058.027 1362.077 6.459 178.402 77.459
e
d
5.5 291.100 293.775 1,183.675 1477.450 6.846 184.534 77.846
6.0 282.710 286.905 1,292.916 1579.821 7.188 189.975 78.188
6.5 274.540 278.625 1,389.846 1668.471 7.485 194.686 78.485 100
7.0 262.780 268.660 1,473.785 1742.445 7.733 198.618 78.733
7.5 248.670 255.725 1,543.827 1799.552 7.924 201.653 78.924
50
8.0 232.810 240.740 1,597.899 1838.639 8.055 203.730 79.055
8.5 218.360 225.585 1,634.909 1860.494 8.128 204.892 79.128
9.0 202.740 210.550 1,655.602 1866.152 8.147 205.193 79.147
0
9.5 189.660 196.200 1,660.960 1857.160 8.117 204.715 79.117
10.0 176.830 183.245 1,652.445 1835.690 8.045 203.574 79.045 0.0 2.0 4.0 6.0 8.0 10.0 12.0 14.0 16.0 18.0 20.0 22.0 24.0
10.5 165.060 170.945 1,632.116 1803.061 7.936 201.839 78.936
11.0 153.390 159.225 1,601.222 1760.447 7.793 199.575 78.793 waktu (jam)
11.5 143.650 148.520 1,560.872 1709.392 7.622 196.861 78.622
12.0 134.130 138.890 1,512.531 1651.421 7.428 193.780 78.428
12.5 125.420 129.775 1,457.641 1587.416 7.214 190.378 78.214
13.0 117.300 121.360 1,397.038 1518.398 6.983 186.710 77.983
13.5 109.980 113.640 1,331.687 1445.327 6.738 182.827 77.738
14.0 102.870 106.425 1,262.501 1368.926 6.482 178.766 77.482
14.5 96.610 99.740 1,190.159 1289.899 6.218 174.566 77.218
15.0 90.630 93.620 1,115.333 1208.953 5.947 170.264 76.947
15.5 85.110 87.870 1,038.689 1126.559 5.671 165.885 76.671
16.0 79.790 82.450 960.674 1043.124 5.392 161.451 76.392
16.5 75.180 77.485 881.673 959.158 5.111 156.988 76.111
17.0 70.710 72.945 802.170 875.115 4.829 152.521 75.829
17.5 66.560 68.635 722.594 791.229 4.549 148.063 75.549
18.0 62.550 64.555 643.166 707.721 4.269 143.625 75.269
18.5 59.090 60.820 564.096 624.916 3.947 133.597 74.947
19.0 55.750 57.420 491.319 548.739 3.561 119.919 74.561
19.5 52.650 54.200 428.820 483.020 3.220 107.889 74.220
20.0 49.650 51.150 375.131 426.281 2.864 95.294 73.864
20.5 46.850 48.250 330.987 379.237 2.475 79.727 73.475
21.0 44.370 45.610 299.510 345.120 2.185 67.862 73.185
21.5 42.080 43.225 277.258 320.483 1.950 58.603 72.950
22.0 39.860 40.970 261.880 302.850 1.769 51.638 72.769
22.5 37.770 38.815 251.212 290.027 1.637 46.572 72.637
23.0 35.760 36.765 243.455 280.220 1.537 42.698 72.537
23.5 33.880 34.820 237.522 272.342 1.456 39.586 72.456
24.0 32.200 33.040 232.756 265.796 1.387 37.005 72.387
H = HWL (Q25) + hf
dimana,
H = Elevasi puncak bendungan pengelak
HWL (Q25) = Muka Air Tertinggi didepan Konduit untuk Q25
hf = Tinggi jagaan
5
Bt = 12,00 = 5,77 m
3
A. Angka Perencanaan
b. Keadaan II : Operasional
Kondisi Normal
Kondisi Gempa
f =
Mv > 1,5 (Kondisi Normal)
Mh
> 1,2 (Kondisi Gempa)
e =
Mv Mh B / 2 < B/6 (Kondisi Norma)
V
< B/3 (Kondisi gempa)
b) Stabilitas geser
V.f
Sf = > 1.5 (Kondisi Normal)
H
> 1.2 (Kondisi gempa)
Stabilitas terhadap daya dukung
Sf =
V > 1.5 (Kondisi Normal),
U
dimana :
Mv = momen tahan (t.m)
Mh = momen guling (t.m)
V = beban vertikal (ton)
H = beban horisontal (ton)
U = gaya uplift (ton)
f = koefisien geser antara beton dan batuan (0.6)
B = lebar konstruksi
L = panjang konstruksi
Eksternal Pressure
TekananTanah
Berat Sendiri
Reaksi Pondasi
Buku Nota Desain
Sertifikasi Desain Bendungan Gongseng Kabupaten Bojonegoro
Pembebanan Tetap :
Gaya-gaya :
Beban sendiri
Beban Hidup = 1,5 t/m
Beban tanah diatas conduit
Tekanan aktif tanah di samping Conduit
Tekanan air tanah di samping Conduit
Up Lift
Reaksi Pondasi
Kondisi perencanaan :
Konduit berada pada inlet pengelak sampai pada pondasi menara intake
dengan panjang 272.90 m terbagi atas berberapa segment constraction
join sepanjang 12 m.
E. Parameter Tanah
3
gc 2.40 ton/m
3
glk 2.20 ton/m
3
gt 1.68 ton/m
3
gsub 0.93 ton/m dimana :
3 kh
gw 1.00 ton/m qo = Arc tg 1 kv
2
c 0.33 ton/m
f 18.56 °
d = f/3 6.19 °
d = f/2 9.28 ° Cos 2
Kh 0.12
Kv 0.00
a 0.00 °
qo 6.84 °
dimana :
cos 2 ( o )
Kae =
sin( ). sin( o )
cos o. cos 2 . cos( o)(1
cos( o) cos( )
Kpe = 1/Kae
dimana :
q0 = tan-1 . Kh
d = sudut geser antara tanah dan permukaan dinding penahan
untuk kondisi Gempa d = 0.5 f
didapat :
Kae = 0.599
Kpe = 1.668
2
Dimensi m Area = 24.50 m
Permukaan tanah
B 9.10 h = 23.50 m
H 4.90 h2 = 28.40 m
ht h 0.70 h cofferdam1 10.00 m
ha 3.50 h cofferdam2 14.90 m
hw 0.70
h2
w1 3.50
H
w2 3.50 Case 2 Case 3
c 0.00 h sat = 9.30 5.30
n 3.50 h1 sub = 47.36 51.36
b 0.70 h2 sub = 52.36 56.36
Keliling konduit = 28.00
Permukaan tanah nc
Puncak Bendungan q (beban hidup) = 1.50
h2
4 3 5 4 6
5 6 7
Y 1 1 2 2 3
Z X
Load 10
Y
Z X
Load 10
b1 0.85
rb 0.0244
Dimensi balok/plat
b 1,000.00 mm
h 700.00 mm
d' 100.00 mm
d 600.00 mm
2
Asmax = 0.75 rb .b.d = ###### mm
2
Asmin = 1.4 /fy .b.d = 2,100.00 mm
Pnb
Cc= 0.85 fc'.ab Cs= As'.fy
a
eb
h d-a/2 d-d'
Penulangan tekan
2
As' = As2 = Mr2 1197.48 mm /m,
( fy .(d-d') ) pakai D 22-200 A =1,900 mm2
OK
Penulangan tarik
2
Jadi As = As1+As2 = 3,172.62 mm /m --> pakai D 22-100
As = 3,799 mm2
Syarat aman : luas tulangan yang dipasang > luas tulangan yang dibutuhkan
As = 3,799 > 3,173 OK
2
Tulangan total harus As < Asmax dan > Asmin 4,997 mm /m OK
2
Tulangan susut / pembagi tipikal = 0,002 bh = 1260
mm /m, --> pakai D 16- 150
As = 1,340 mm2
Syarat aman : luas tulangan yang dipasang > luas tulangan yang dibutuhkan
As = 1,340 > 1,260 OK
Buku Nota Desain
Sertifikasi Desain Bendungan Gongseng Kabupaten Bojonegoro
b1 0.85
rb 0.0244
Dimensi balok/plat
b 1,000.00 mm
h 800.00 mm
d' 100.00 mm
d 700.00
2
Asmax = 0.75 rb .b.d = 12,801.8 mm
2
Asmin = 1.4 /fy .b.d = 2,450.00 mm
Pnb
Cc= 0.85 fc'.ab Cs= As'.fy
eb a
h d-a/2 d-d'
Ts1= As1.fy Ts2= As2.fy
b = 1000 mm
Kopel Tekan Beton - Tarik Baja
Kopel Tekan Baja - Tarik Baja
2
Ambil As1 = 0.18 Asmax = 2304.323 mm /m
Penulangan tekan
2
As' = As2 = Mr2 1805.44 mm /m,
( fy .(d-d') ) pakai D 19-100 A =2,834 mm2
OK
Penulangan tarik
2
Jadi As = As1+As2 = 4,109.76 mm /m --> pakai D 25-100
As = 4,906 mm2
Syarat aman : luas tulangan yang dipasang > luas tulangan yang dibutuhkan
As = 4,906 > 4,110 OK
2
Tulangan total harus As < Asmax dan > Asmin 6,712 mm /m OK
2
Tulangan susut / pembagi tipikal = 0,002 bh = 1440
mm /m, --> pakai D 16- 150
As = 1,742 mm2
Syarat aman : luas tulangan yang dipasang > luas tulangan yang dibutuhkan
As = 1,742 > 1,440 OK
Buku Nota Desain
Sertifikasi Desain Bendungan Gongseng Kabupaten Bojonegoro
b1 0.85
rb 0.0244
Dimensi balok/plat
b 1,000.00 mm
h 700.00 mm
d' 100.00 mm
d 600.00
2
Asmax = 0.75 rb .b.d = ###### mm
2
Asmin = 1.4 /fy .b.d = 2,100.00 mm
Pnb
Cc= 0.85 fc'.ab Cs= As'.fy
a
eb
h d-a/2 d-d'
Penulangan tekan
2
As' = As2 = Mr2 189.75 mm /m,
( fy .(d-d') ) pakai D 22-200 A =1,900 mm2
OK
Penulangan tarik
2
Jadi As = As1+As2 = 2,164.88 mm /m --> pakai D 22-100
As = 3,799 mm2
Syarat aman : luas tulangan yang dipasang > luas tulangan yang dibutuhkan
As = 3,799 > 2,165 OK
2
Tulangan total harus As < Asmax dan > Asmin 3,989 mm /m OK
2
Tulangan susut / pembagi tipikal = 0,002 bh = 1400
mm /m, --> pakai D 16- 150
As = 1,742 mm2
Syarat aman : luas tulangan yang dipasang > luas tulangan yang dibutuhkan
As = 1,742 > 1,400 OK
Buku Nota Desain
Sertifikasi Desain Bendungan Gongseng Kabupaten Bojonegoro