1.38
2 1.38
2
15
2 1.33 1.33
Dengan spesifikasi :
Berat = 5.18 Kg/m2
Lebar = 95 cm
Panjang = 140 cm
Tebal = 0.5 cm
A = 11.85 cm2
q = 9.3 Kg/m' Baja BJ 41
3
Wx = 37.5 cm
Wy = 5.91 cm3 fy = 2500 Kg/cm2
Ix = 187 cm4 fu = 4100 Kg/cm2
Iy = 14.8 cm4 E= 2.10E+06 Kg/cm2
ix = 3.98 cm
iy = 1.12 cm
bf bf = 50 mm
d= 100 mm
tw tw = 5 mm
o
d tf 15 tf = 7 mm
qsin a Kemiringan a = 20
cos a = 0.94
sin a = 0.342
q cos a
q
ANALISA BEBAN
A. Beban mati
1. Berat Seng = 5.18 1.38 = 7.148 Kg/m'
2. Berat Profil I = = 9.3 Kg/m'
3. Berat alat pengikat = 10% (seng + profil) = 10% 16.4484 = 1.645 Kg/m'
q = 18.09 Kg/m'
Mx1 = 1/8 q cos a L2
2
0.125 18.09 0.94 5 = 53.13 Kgm
My1 = 1/8 q sin a (L/3)2 ……akibat dari adanya 2 penggantung gording
2
0.125 18.09 0.342 2 = 3.094 Kgm
B. Beban Hidup
a. Beban hidup terbagi rata : ( akibat air hujan )
a Kg/m
2
q= 40 - 0.8 <= 20 ………PPI'83 Pasal 3.2.(2)
q= 40 - 0.8 20 Kg/m2 <= 20
q= 24 > 20 Jadi dipakai 20
untuk tiap satuan panjang
q= 20 1.33 = 26.6 Kg/m
C.Beban Angin
C = 0.02 α - 0.4
C = 0.02 * 20 - 0.4 C = - 0.4
C= 0
15
(PPI ' 83 pasal 4.3 tabel 4.1) W angin = 40 kg/m2 dekat dari pantai
a. Koefisien di pihak angin (angin tekan)
C= 0.02 a - 0.4 …Tabel 4.1 koefisien angin tertutup
0.02 15 - 0.4 = -0.1
qangin = -0.1 40 = 0 Kg/m2
b. Koefisien di belakang angin (angin hisap)
C= -0.4
q angin = 0.4 40 = 16 Kg/m2
Angin hisap jauh lebih kecil dari beban mati + hidup jadi dpt diabaikan
KONTROL
A. Kontrol Penampang Profil WF 100 50 5 7
bf 50
= = 3.571
2 tf 14 bf
≤ lp
170 170 2 tf
lp= = = 10.97
fy 240
h 100
= = 14.29
tw 7 h
≤ lp
1680 1680 tw
lp= = = 108.4
fy 240
merupakan penampang kompak Mnx = Mpx
Lp = 1.76 iy E
fy Lb = 47.5 cm
240
= 58.31 cm
Mnx = Mpx
= Zx * Fy
= 37.5 2500
= 93750 kg cm = 937.5 kg m
Mny = Zy (1 flens) x fy
= ( 0.25 * tf * bf^2 ) * fy
= 0.25 0.7 25 2500
= 10938 kg cm = 109.4 kg m
MOMEN BERFAKTOR
Mu = 1,2 D + 1,6 L
MOMEN INTERAKSI
Mux Muy
+ ≤ 1
øb. Mnx øb. Mny
251.6963396 31.07456299
+ ≤ 1
0.9 937.5 0.9 109.4
0.298306773 + 0.3156781 ≤ 1
0.613984873 ≤ 1 . . . . . . . (OK)
KONTROL LENDUTAN
Untuk gording tunggal / menerus, mempunyai batas lendutan sebagai berikut
L
f= …….PPBBI Tabel 3.1
180
600
f= = 3.333 cm
180
4 3
5 qx L 1 Px L
fx = +
384 E Ix 48 E Ix
4 3
5 0.17 600 1 93.97 600
fx = + = 1.807 cm
384 2.1E+06 187 48 2E+06 187
4 3
5 qy L/3 1 Py L/3
fy = +
384 E Iy 48 E Iy
4 3
5 0.062 200 1 34.2 200
fy = + = 0.225 cm
384 2.1E+06 14.8 48 2E+06 14.8
12 x L cos 15 0.37
= 12 1.38 θ
1.33
1.38
tg q =
3 x 2 2
tg q = 0.69
6 q = 34.6
= 35
Pu = 1711 kg
Bj 41 fu = 4100 kg/cm2 fy = 2500 kg/cm2
- Untuk Leleh
Pu = f fy Ag f= 0.9
Ag perlu = Pu
f fy
= 1711.1407
0.9 2500
= 0.760507 cm2
A = 9.567 cm2
q = 7.51 Kg/m Baja BJ 37
3
Wx = 44.3 cm
Wy = 12.2 cm3 fy = 2400 Kg/cm2
4
Ix = 332 cm fu = 3600 Kg/cm2
Iy = 53.8 cm 4 E= 2.10E+06 Kg/cm2
ix = 5.89 cm
iy = 2.37 cm
S yarat:
Lk
l = < 240 ……PPBBI 3.3.(2) - on page 8
imin
500
= < 240
2.37
N5
N4
N3 N2
N1
R6 R5 R4 R3
R2 R1
12.22 11.42 10.62 9.815 9.015 8.215
Batang a
5 x 2.66
Batang Diagonal a
R1 2.66
B
600 S3
S1
A
S2
N1
5.711
2.76 N1 = 1087 Kg
5
- Pada titik Buhul A
SV = 0
N1 + S1 = 0
S1 = - N1
= - 1087 kg (tekan)
SH = 0
S2 = 0
- Pada titik Buhul B
SV = 0
R1 + S1 + S3 cos f = 0
87.41 - 1087 + S3 cos 20 = 0
S3 = 1087 - 87.41
cos 20
= 1064 kg (tarik)
Pu = 1064 kg
BJ 41 fu = 4100 kg/cm2 fy = 2500 kg/cm2
- untuk leleh :
Pu = F fy Ag dengan F = 0.9
Ag perlu =Pu
F fy
= 1 = 4E-04 cm2
0.9 2500
Ag = 1/4 p d2
d = Ag 4 = 0.461 4 = 0.766 cm
p p
Pakai d 1=.2 cm = 12 mm
Kontrol Kelangsingan
d > Panjang S3
500
1.2 > 546.3
500
1.2 > 1.093 Oke !!!
1.274 m
1.274 m
0.25 m 1.274 m
2 m
2 m
2 m
0.25 m
28
1.125 1.125 1.125 1.125
Dengan spesifikasi :
Berat = 12.27 Kg/m2
Lebar = 110 cm
Panjang = 200 cm
Tebal = 0.6 cm
Syarat Asbes Gelombang besar : 127.4 cm < 145 cm Ok!
A = 9.469 cm2
q = 7.43 Kg/m Baja BJ 52
3
Wx = 27.7 cm
Wy = 9.82 cm3 s= 2400 Kg/cm2
Ix = 139 cm4 se = 3600 Kg/cm2
Iy = 30.9 cm 4 E= 2.10E+06 Kg/cm2
ix = 3.82 cm
iy = 1.81 cm
b c a= 100 mm
b= 50 mm
c= 20 mm
a t 28 t= 4.5 mm
qsin a
Kemiringan a = 28
cos a = 0.883
sin a = 0.469
q cos a
q
ANALISA BEBAN
A. Beban mati
1. Berat Asbes = 12.27 1.27414 = 15.64 Kg/m
2.Berat Profil C = = 7.43 Kg/m
3. Berat alat pengikat = 0.15 (asbes + profil) = 0.15 23.0672 = 3.46 Kg/m
q = 26.53 Kg/m
B. Beban Hidup
a. Beban hidup terbagi rata :
q= 40 - 0.8 a Kg/cm2 <= 20 ………PPI'83 Pasal 3.2.(2)
q= 40 = 0.8 28 Kg/cm2 <= 20
q= 17.6 <= 20 Jadi dipakai 17.6
C.Beban Angin
(PPI ' 83 pasal 4.3 tabel 4.1) W angin = 40 kg/m2 dekat dari pantai
a. Koefisien di pihak angin (angin tekan)
C= 0.02 a - 0.4 - 0.6 …Tabel 4.1 koefisien angin tertutup sebagian
0.02 28 - 0.4 - 0.6 = -0.44
qangin = 1.274 -0.44 40 = -22.4 Kg/m
Mx = 1/8 q L2 = 0.125 -22.4 6 2
= -101 Kg m
Perhitungan bila jarak pengikat atap bentuk U dipakai misal jarak 75 cm, maka lateral blacing 75
h 100
= = 22.22 <= 75 Cek untuk Penampang berubah bentuk
tb 4.5
L 750 mm
= = 7.5
h 100 mm L b
b 50 = 7.5 <= 1.25 = 13.89
1.25 = 1.25 = 13.89 h ts
ts 4.5
Lk 75
l= = = 58.68
iy' 1.278
E 2.1E+06
lg = p = p = 90.69
0.7 se 0.7 3600
l 58.68
ls = = = 0.647
lg 90.69
1.41
Untuk 0.183 < ls < 1 maka w=
1.593 - ls
1.41
w= = 1.491
1.593 - 0.647
s 2400
skip = = = 1610 Kg/cm2
w 1.491
KOMBINASI BEBAN
KONTROL LENDUTAN
4 3
5 qy L/3 1 Py L/3
fy =
384 E Ix 48 E Ix
4 3
5 0.125 200 1 46.95 200
fy = = 0.027 cm
384 2.1E+06 139 48 2E+06 139
f= fx2 + fy2
2 2
f= 1.361 + 0.027
f= 1.361 cm
5.5 m
A. Beban mati
1. Berat Gording = 7.43 1.83333 = 13.62 Kg
2.Berat Atap (ASBES) = 12.27 1.833 1.27414 = 28.67 Kg
3. Berat alat pengikat = 0.15 (asbes + profil) = 0.15 42.2898 = 6.343 Kg
q = 48.63 Kg
B. Beban Hidup
Beban terpusat P= 100 Kg
q cos a
q
R4
s = < sijin = 2500 …………PPBBI Pasal 3.3.(1)
A
268.3
A >
2500
A > 0.107 cm2
0.25 p D2 > 0.107
D > 0.37 cm
= 0.25 p 0.4 2
= 0.126 cm2
Diameter Minimum
L 223.3
Dmin = = = 0.447 cm …….PPBBI Pasal 3.3.(4)
500 500
dimana L = panjang penggantung gording R4
2 2
L= 1.833 + 1.274
L= 2.233 m = 223.3 cm
R8
R7
R6
R5
R4
R3
R2
R1
Beban Tetap
b. Beban hidup
Beban Sementara
c.Beban Angin
(PPI ' 83 pasal 4.3 tabel 4.1) W angin = 40 kg/m2 dekat dari pantai
a. Koefisien di pihak angin (angin tekan)
C= 0.02 a - 0.4
0.02 28 - 0.4 = 0.16
qangin = 1.274 0.16 40 = 8.155 Kg/m
P= 8.155 6 + 0.5 0.5
P= 26.5 Kg
Total Beban
P= 39.34 + 50.82 + 66.26 + 26.5
P= 182.9 Kg
P1 = P + Berat gording
= 182.9 + 24.15
= 207.1 Kg
P1 = 207.1 Kg
HA
A 1.274
P1 = 207.1 Kg
12
1.274
VA C P1 = 207.1 Kg
13 8
2.393
15
E 1.274
P2 = 115.6 Kg
1.795 11 9 4
1.196 G 1.274
7
5
1
57.92 10 0.598 3
14 46.8 28.0 6 2 28
HB B D F H I
1.125 1.125 1.125 1.125
Reaksi Perletakan
1. S V = 0
VA - 3 P1 - 2 P2 = 0
VA = 3 P1 + 2 P2
= 3 207.1 + 2 115.6
= 852.4 Kg
2. S MB = 0
HA 2.393 - P1 1.125 - P1 2.25 - P1 3.375 -
P2 4.5 = 0
3. S H = 0
HA - HB = 0
HB = HA
= 801.6 Kg
Titik I
SY = 0
P2 = 115.6 Kg S1 sin 28 = P2
S1 = 246.2 Kg (tarik)
S1
S1 sin 28 SX = 0
S2 28 S2 = - S1 cos 28
S1 cos 28 = - 246.2 cos 28
= -217 Kg (tekan)
Titik H
SY = 0
S3 = 0
S3 S3 = 0 Kg
SX = 0
S6 S2 S6 - S2 = 0
H S6 = S2
S6 = -217 Kg (tekan)
Titik G
SY = 0
P1 = 207.1 Kg S4 sin 28 - S1 sin 28 -
S5 sin 28 = P1
S4 S4 0.469 - 246.2 0.469 -
S5 0.469 = 207.1
28 0.469 S4 - 0.469 S5 = 322.7
28 28 S5 = 1.000 S4 - 687.3 …(1)
S5 S1 SX = 0
S3 = 0 S4 cos 28 - S1 cos 28 +
S5 cos 28 = 0
S4 0.883 - 246.2 0.883 +
S5 0.883 = 0
0.883 S4 + 0.883 S5 = 217.4 …(2)
(1) ke persamaan (2) :
0.883 S4 + 0.883 S5 = 217.4 …(2)
0.883 S4 + 0.883 1.000 S4 - 687.31 = 217.4
0.883 S4 + 0.883 S4 - 606.9 = 217.4
1.766 S4 = 824.3
S4 = 466.8 Kg (tarik)
Persamaan (1) : S5 = 1.000 S4 - 687.3
S5 = 1.000 466.8 - 687.3
S5 = -221 Kg (tekan)
Titik F
SY = 0
S7 = - S5 sin 28.0
S7 S7 = - -221 sin 28.0
S5 S7 = 103.5 Kg (tarik)
S10 28.0 S6 SX = 0
F S10 = S6 + S5 cos 28.0
S10 = -217 + -221 cos 28.0
S10 = -412 Kg (tekan)
Titik E
SY = 0
P1 = 207.1 Kg S8 sin 28 - S4 sin 28 -
S9 sin 46.76 = P1 + S7
S8 S8 0.469 - 466.8 0.469 -
S9 0.728 = 207.1 + 103.5
28 0.469 S8 - 0.728 S9 = 529.7
46.8 28 S9 = 0.644 S8 - 727.2 …(1)
S9 S4 SX = 0
S7 S8 cos 28 - S4 cos 28 +
S9 cos 46.76 = 0
S8 0.883 - 466.8 0.883 +
S9 0.685 = 0
0.883 S8 + 0.685 S9 = 412.1 …(2)
(1) ke persamaan (2) :
0.883 S8 + 0.685 S9 = 412.1 …(2)
0.883 S8 + 0.685 0.644 S8 - 727.16 = 412.1
0.883 S8 + 0.441 S8 - 498.1 = 412.1
1.324 S8 = 910.3
S8 = 687.3 Kg (tarik)
Persamaan (1) : S9 = 0.644 S8 - 727.2
S9 = 0.644 687.3 - 727.2
S9 = -284 Kg (tekan)
Titik D
SY = 0
S11 = - S9 sin 46.8
S11 S11 = - -284 sin 46.8
S9 S11 = 207.1 Kg (tarik)
Titik C
SY = 0
P1 = 207.1 Kg S12 sin 28 - S8 sin 28 -
S13 sin 57.92 = P1 + S11
S12 S12 0.469 - 687.3 0.469 -
S13 0.847 = 207.1 + 207.1
28 0.469 S12 - 0.847 S13 = 736.8
57.9 28 S13 = 0.554 S12 - 869.6 …(1)
S13 S8 SX = 0
S11 S12 cos 28 - S8 cos 28 +
S13 cos 57.92 = 0
S12 0.883 - 687.3 0.883 +
S13 0.531 = 0
0.883 S12 + 0.531 S13 = 606.9 …(2)
Titik B
SY = 0
S15 = - S13 sin 57.9
S15 S15 = - -367 sin 57.9
S13 S15 = 310.6 Kg (tarik)
HB 57.9 S14 SX = 0
B HB = S14 + S13 cos 57.9
HB = -607 + -367 cos 57.9
HB = -802 Kg (tekan) (----->)
Titik A
P2 = 115.6 Kg SY = 0
- S12 sin 28 - VA = P1 + S15
- 907.8 0.469 - VA = 115.6 + 310.6
- 907.8 0.469 - -852 = 115.6 + 310.6
HA 426.2 = 426.2 …..Ok1!
28
VA SX = 0
S12 HA - S12 sin 28 = 0
S15 HA - 907.8 0.883 = 0
HA = 801.6 Kg (tarik)
S1 246.2 Kg 1.274
S2 -217.4 Kg 1.125
S3 - - 0.598
S4 466.8 Kg 1.274
S5 -220.5 Kg 1.274
S6 -217.4 Kg 1.125
S7 103.5 Kg 1.196
S8 687.3 Kg 1.274
S9 -284.2 Kg 1.642
S10 -412.1 Kg 1.125
S11 207.1 Kg 1.795
S12 907.8 Kg 1.274
S13 -366.6 Kg 2.118
S14 -606.9 Kg 1.125
S15 310.6 Kg 2.393
Dicoba Profil : 50 x 50 x 5
direncanakan tebal pelat simpul (t) = 3 mm
2
A = 4.8 cm
2
Iy = 2 Iy + 2 A e + t / 2
2
= 2 11 + 2 4.8 1.4 + 3 / 2
= 102.74 cm4
ix = 1.51 cm X 5 mm
iy = 3.2713 cm
ix = - cm 50 mm
ih = - cm
Pada profil siku, setengah kaki bebasnya tidak menerima beban.
Jadi pada perhitungan luas tidak diikutkan
5 - 0.5 0.5
A = 2 x 4.8 - = 7.35 cm2
2
KONTROL lk = Ly
> Kondisi I
lk 112.5
l = = = 74.5
imin 1.5100
E #REF!
lg = p = p = #REF!
0.7 se 0.7 #REF!
l 74.5
ls = = = #REF!
lg #REF!
w = 2.381 #REF! 2
= #REF!
w N #REF! 606.9
s = = = #REF! Kg/cm2
A 7.35
s #REF! Kg/cm #REF! sijin
2 2
Syarat : = = 2500 Kg/cm #####
> Kondisi II
lk 113
l = = = 74.5
imin 1.5100
E #REF!
lg = p = p = #REF!
0.7 se 0.7 #REF!
l 74.5
ls = = = #REF!
lg #REF!
w = 2.381 #REF! 2
= #REF!
w N #REF! 217.4
s = = = #REF! Kg/cm2
A 7.35
T 907.8
Ae perlu = = = 0.363 cm2
sijin 2500
Ae 0.363
An perlu = = = 0.5 cm2 ,,dimana Ct = faktor reduksi= 0.75
Ct 0.75
Dicoba Profil : 50 x 50 x 5
A = 4.8 cm2
ix = 1.51 cm 50 mm 5 mm
iy = 3.271 cm
ix = - cm 50 mm
ih = - cm
2
A = 9.6 cm > Abruto = 0.570 cm ...Ok!
iy = 3.271 cm > imin = 0.425 cm ...Ok!
l 127.4
= = 38.95 < 300 ...Ok!
imin 3.271
60 <= 2 t + i <= 62 cm
di mana
t = Tinggi Tanjakan
i = Lebar Injakan
Syarat Kemiringan
25 o
<= a <= 40 o
Gambar Ilustrasi
2.125 m
3 m 2 m
Perencanaan Tangga
Tinggi Tanjakan = t = 18 cm
Lebar Injakan = i = 25 cm ……. Ok
a = 35.3 o
…………………… Ok
sehingga
jml tanjakan = 11 buah
jml injakan = 12 buah
Gambar rencana A
2 m
A
3 m
1.5 m 1.5 m
2.125 m
0.2 m
Ukuran Bordes
320 x 200 cm2
Pot A - A
67 cm 67 cm 67 cm
Balok Bordes
25 cm
18 cm
Balok Tangga
Anak tangga
Langkah langkah perencanaan Tangga
1 Perencanaan tebal pelat anak tangga
2 Perencanaan balok pelat anak tangga
3 Perencanaan tebal pelat bordes
4 Perencanaan balok pelat bordes
5 Perencanaan balok tangga
Profil Siku
Pelat Baja
Profil Kanal
PERHITUNGAN
150 cm
X
Analisa beban
Arah Y
Beban mati
berat pelat = t l gbaja
= 0.003 1.5 7850 = 35.3 kg/m
Beban Hidup
2
qtangga = 300 kg/m
= qtangga l
= 300 1.5 = 450 kg/m
qy = 485 kg/m
Momen
2
My = 1 / 8 * qy *b
2
= 1 / 8 * 485 0.25
= 3.79 Kgm = 379.16 Kgcm
2
Wy = 1 / 6 * l * t
2
= 1 / 6 * 150 * 0.3
= 2.25 cm3
Kontrol Tegangan
sx
……. tegangan arah X tidak perlu di kontrol karena yang
menahan arah X adalah balok / profil siku
My 379
sy = = = 169 kg/cm2 < 1867 kg/cm2
Wy 2.25 ……. Ok
Kontrol Lendutan
y ijin >= L / 360
>= 25 / 360
>= 0.069 cm
4
5 q L
y =
y =
384 E Ix
5 4.85 25 4
=
384 2100000 0.34
…….. < y ijin ………………… Ok
= 0.0348 cm
25 cm
Y
150 cm
X
Dicoba di gunakan profil 35 x 35 x 6
g = 3.04 kg/m
Ix = Iy = 4.14 cm4
Wx = Wy = 1.71 cm3
Analisa beban
masing masing profil menahan 0.5 dari beban pelat
Beban Mati
berat pelat = 0 / 2 = 0 kg/m
berat profil = 3.04 kg/m
3.04 kg/m
berat alat sambung 20 % = 0.61 kg/m
= 3.65 kg/m
Momen
2
Mx = 1 / 8 * qtotal *l
2
= 1 / 8 * 3.65 1.5
= 1.03 kgm = 102.6 kgcm
Kontrol tegangan
2
Mx 103 < 1867 kg/cm
smax = = = 60 kg/cm2
Wx 1.71 ……. Ok
Kontrol Lendutan
y ijin >= L / 360
>= 150 / 360
>= 0.417 cm
5 q L 4
y =
384 E Ix
5 0.04 150 4
=
384 2E+06 4.14
…….. < y ijin ………………… Ok
= 0.0277 cm
Pelat Bordes
67 cm
67 cm Balok Bordes
67 cm Di rencanakan t = 7 mm
150 cm
Analisa beban
Beban mati
berat pelat = t l gbaja
= 0.007 1.5 7850 = 82.43 kg/m
Beban Hidup
2
qtangga = 300 kg/m
= qtangga l
= 300 1.5 = 450 kg/m
q = 532.4 kg/m
Momen
2
My = 1 / 8 * q *b
2
= 1 / 8 * 532 0.67
= 29.9 kgm = 2987.6 kgcm
2
Wy = 1 / 6 * l * t
2
= 1 / 6 * 150 * 0.7
= 12.3 cm3
Kontrol Tegangan
2
My 2988 < 1867 kg/cm
sy = = = 244 kg/cm2
Wy 12.3 ……. Ok
Kontrol Lendutan
y ijin >= L / 360
>= 67 / 360
>= 0.186 cm
5 q L 4
y =
384 E Ix
5 5.32 67 4
=
384 2E+06 4.29
…….. < y ijin ………………… Ok
= 0.1552 cm
Pelat Bordes
67 cm
67 cm Balok Bordes
67 cm
150 cm
Analisa beban
Beban Mati
berat pelat = t b gbaja = 36.8 kg/m
berat profil = 2.32 kg/m
39.1 kg/m
berat alat sambung 20 % = 7.83 kg/m
= 47 kg/m
Momen
2
Mx = 1 / 8 * qtotal *l
2
= 1 / 8 * 47 1.5
= 13.2 kgm = 1320.9 kgcm
Kontrol tegangan
2
Mx 1321 < 1867 kg/cm
smax = = = 182 kg/cm2
Wx 7.24 ……. Ok
Kontrol Lendutan
y ijin >= L / 360
>= 150 / 360
>= 0.417 cm
5 q L 4
y =
384 E Ix
5 0.47 150 4
=
384 2E+06 27.1
…….. < y ijin ………………… Ok
= 0.0544 cm
Balok Tangga
2.125 m
b
3 m 2 m
Sudut b = 35.311
o
Analisa Beban
Masing masing balok Tangga menerima 0.5 dari berat yang di terima tangga
q1 P1 P2 P2 P1
q2
2.13
3 2
Beban P2
Beban mati
Berat pelat = 0.0070.75 0.67 7850 = 27.6 kg
Berat balok Bordes = 0.75 2.32 = 1.74 kg
= 29.4 kg
Berat alat penyambung 20 % = 5.87 kg
= 35.2 kg
Beban q2
Berat sendiri balok tangga = q2 = 21.1 kg/m
q1 P1 P2 P2 P1
C
B
Lab = 3.68 m
Lbc = 2 m
Labx = 3 m
Laby = 2.13 m
A
SMa = 0
2
0.5 351 3 + 21.1 2 4 + 18.7 3 + 35.2 3.67 +
35.2 4.34 + 18.7 5 - Rcv 5 = 0
2180 - Rcv 5 = 0
Rcv 5 = 2180
Rcv = 436 kg
SMc = 0
2
0.5 21.1 2 + 351 3 3.5 + 18.7 2 + 35.2 1.33 +
35.2 0.67 - Rav 5 = 0
3836 - Rav 5 = 0
Rav 5 = 3836
Rav = 767 kg
SV = 0
Rav + Rcv - 18.7 - 35.2 - 35.2 - 18.7 - 351 3 -
21.1 2 = 0
Rav + 436 - 1203 = 0
Rav = 767 kg …….. Ok
Momen Maksimum
terjadi pada D=0
Dx = Rav - q1 x
0 = 767 - 351 x
x = 2.19 m
2
Mmax = Rav x - 0.5 351 x
2
= 767 2.19 - 0.5 351 2.19
= 838.14 kgm
2
Mb = Rav 3 - 0.5 351 3
2
= 767 3 - 0.5 351 3
= 721.62 kgm
B C
+
A 838.14 kgm
Profil 200 x 80 x 7.5 x 11
h 20
= = 18.2 < 75
tb 1.1
L 368
= = 18.4
h 20 1.25b
L/h >
ts
1.25*b 1.25 8
= = 9.09
ts 1.1
L h 368 20
C1 = = = 835.536
b ts 8 1.1 c1 > 250
c1 > c2
E 2.10E+06 pakai rumus 35c
C2 = 0.63 = 0.63 = 551.250
s 2400
C2
s kip = 0.7 s
C1
551.250
s kip = 0.7 2400
835.536
1.0625 m
1.0625 m
1.0625 m
2.667 m
Dengan spesifikasi :
Berat = 8.081 Kg/m2
Lebar = 110 cm
Panjang = 225 cm 106.3 cm < 145 cm
Tebal = 0.6 cm
A = 2.872 cm2
q = 2.25 Kg/m Baja BJ 52
3
Wx = 5.2 cm
Wy = 1.71 cm3 s= 2400 Kg/cm2
Ix = 15.6 cm4 se = 3600 Kg/cm2
Iy = 3.32 cm 4 E= 2.10E+06 Kg/cm2
ix = 2.33 cm
iy = 1.07 cm
a= 60 mm
c b= 30 mm
b t c= 10 mm
t= 2.3 mm
a
q
Regel Horizontal 95
ANALISA BEBAN
A. Beban mati
1. Berat Asbes = 8.081 1.0625 = 8.586 Kg/m
2.Berat Profil C = = 2.25 Kg/m
3. Berat alat pengikat = 0.15 (asbes + profil) = 0.15 10.8359 = 1.625 Kg/m
q = 12.46 Kg/m
B.Beban Angin
(PPI ' 83 pasal 4.3 tabel 4.1) W angin = 40 kg/m2 dekat dari pantai
a. Koefisien di pihak angin (angin tekan)
C= 1.2 …Tabel 4.1 koefisien angin tertutup sebagian
qangin = B C W
qangin = 1.063 1.2 40 = 51 Kg/m
Mx = 1/8 q L2 = 0.125 51 2.667 2
= 45.33 Kg m
Perhitungan bila jarak pengikat atap bentuk U dipakai misal jarak 75 cm, maka lateral blacing 75
h 60
= = 26.09 <= 75 Cek untuk Penampang berubah bentuk
tb 2.3
L 750 mm
= = 12.5
h 60 mm L b
b 30 = 12.5 <= 1.25 = 16.3
1.25 = 1.25 = 16.3 h ts
ts 2.3
Regel Horizontal 96
Lk 75
l= = = 99.07
iy' 0.757
E 2.1E+06
lg = p = p = 90.69
0.7 se 0.7 3600
l 99.07
ls = = = 1.092
lg 90.69
s 2400
skip = = = 922.7 Kg/cm2
w 2.601
KOMBINASI BEBAN
Mx = 0 + 0 = 0 Kgm = 0 Kg cm
My = 1.231 + 0 = 1.231 Kgm = 123.1 Kg cm
0 123.1
s= + = 143.9 Kg/cm2
5.2 1.71 / 2
Jadi s= 143.9 < skip = 922.7 …OK!
Regel Horizontal 97
s= + = 1016 Kg/cm2
5.2 1.71 / 2
KONTROL LENDUTAN
Beban
qx = 51 Kg/m ….akibat pengaruh angin
qy = 12.46 Kg/m ….akibat pengaruh dinding 1/2 batu
4
5 qx L
fx =
384 E Ix
4
5 0.51 266.7
fx = = 1.0250381 cm
384 2.1E+06 15.6
4
5 qy L/3
fy =
384 E Iy
4
5 0.125 88.89
fy = = 0.0145289 cm
384 2.1E+06 3.32
f= fx2 + fy2
2 2
f= 1.025 + 0.0145
f= 1.02514 cm
Regel Horizontal 98
0
1.175 1.175
Regel Horizontal 99
R4 q 1.0625 m
R1 1.0625 m
3 x 0.889
2.667 m
1.0625
tg q =
0.889
tg q = 1.195
q = 50.08
= 51
A. Beban mati
b h
2. Berat Gording R4, R3, R2, dan R1 = 4 2.25 0.889 = 8 Kg
3.Berat Seng Gelombang = 4 8.081 0.889 1.0625 = 30.53 Kg
4. Berat alat pengikat = 0.15 (asbes + profil) = 0.15 38.53 = 5.779 Kg
wa = 44.31 Kg
R4
s = < sijin = 2500 …………PPBBI Pasal 3.3.(1)
A
57.01
A >
2500
A > 0.023 cm2
0.25 p D2 > 0.023
D > 0.17 cm
= 0.25 p 0.2 2
= 0.031 cm2
Diameter Minimum
L 138.5
Dmin = = = 0.277 cm …….PPBBI Pasal 3.3.(4)
500 500
dimana L = panjang penggantung gording R4
2
L= 0.889 + 1.0625 2
L= 1.385 m = 138.5 cm
1.175
a t
qsin a
15
1.175
Regel Horizontal
2.667 2.667 2.667 2.5 2.5 2.5 Regel Vertikal
8 m 7.5 m 8 m
26.6 m
DATA PERENCANAAN
A = 21.9 cm2
q = 17.2 Kg/m Baja BJ 52
3
Wx = 76.5 cm
Wy = 28.7 cm3 s= 2400 Kg/cm2
Ix = 383 cm4 se = 3600 Kg/cm2
Iy = 134 cm 4 E= 2.1E+06 Kg/cm2
ix = 4.18 cm
iy = 2.47 cm
Pembebanan
Berdasarkan PPIUG 1983 Tabel 2.1
BEBAN VERTIKAL Jml Bentang Regel Hor. Lt Dasar
B. Beban Hidup
Beban hidup Nh = 100 Kg
BEBAN HORIZONTAL
(PPI ' 83 pasal 4.3 tabel 4.1) W angin = 40 kg/m2 dekat dari pantai
qangin = B C W
qangin = 2.667 1.2 40 = 128 Kg/m
Mx = 1/8 q L2
2
Mx = 0.125 128 4.25
Mx = 289 Kg m
Lkx 425.0
lx = = = 101.7
ix 4.18
E 2.1E+06
lg = p = p = 84.98
0.7 se 0.7 4100
l 101.7
ls = = = 1.196
lg 84.98
Lky 106.25
ly = = = 43.02
iy 2.47
E 2.1E+06
lg = p = p = 84.98
0.7 se 0.7 4100
l 43.02
ls = = = 0.506
lg 84.98
1.41
Untuk 0.183 < ls < 1 maka w=
1.593 - ls
1.41
w= = 1.297
1.593 - 0.506
sEy = 11274 Kg/cm2 …..(PPBBI Pasal 4.8.(3) Tabel 10)
M= 0 Mx1
bx = 0.6 + 0.4
Mx2
4.25 m 0
= 0.6 + 0.4
289
= 0.6
M= 1/8 q L2
sijin
Mki + Mka
b *
= Mjep = 1/12 qangin L2
2 Mjep
0 + 289
=
2
2 1/12 128 4.25
= 0.75
2.1E+06
Jadi digunakan q = 1
CHECK TEGANGAN
(Berdasarkan PPBBI Pasal 4.8(4))
N nx Mx ny My
wmax + bx q + by q <= sijin
A nx - 1 Wx ny - 1 Wy
219.3 28900 0
2.849 + 0.6 1 1.005 + 0 1 1.0009 <= 2400 Kg/cm2
21.9 76.5 28.7
2
256.3 < 2400 Kg/cm ...Ok!
N Mx My
+ q + <= sijin
A Wx Wy
CHECK LENDUTAN
(Berdasarkan PPBBI Pasal 4.8(4))
L
f= …….PPBBI Tabel 31 on page 155
360
425.0
f= = 1.181 cm
360
Beban
qx = 128 Kg/m ….akibat pengaruh angin
4 4
5 qx L 5 1.28 425.0
fx = = = 0.676061806 cm
384 E Ix 384 2.1E+06 383
h x
= =
tb BJ
L 750 mm
=
h x mm
b
1.25 = 1.25
ts
#VALUE!
0
0
0
KOMBINASI BEBAN
Mx = #REF! + #REF! =
My = #REF! + #REF! =
#REF! #REF!
s= +
0 0 /
Jadi s= #REF! #REF! skip
Mx = #REF! + #REF! +
My = #REF! + #REF! +
#REF! #REF!
s= +
0 0 /
KONTROL LENDUTAN
384 E Ix
4
5 #REF! #REF!
384 0.0E+00 0
4
5 qy L/3
384 E Ix
4
5 #REF! #REF!
384 0.0E+00 0
f= fx2 + fy2
2
f= #REF! + #REF!
f= #REF! cm
fy =
Kesimpulan :
U dipakai misal jarak 75 cm, maka lateral blacing
= #VALUE!
L b
0 = #VALUE! #VALUE! 1.25 =
= #VALUE! h ts
BJ
A' = 2 0 - 0 + 0
= 0 cm2
cm
Iy' = 2 0 - 0 0 0
3
+ 1/12 0 0
= 0 cm4
0.5 Iy' 0.5 0
iy' = = =
A' 0
Lk 75
l= = = #DIV/0!
iy' #DIV/0!
= #REF! Kg/cm2
2
= 0 #REF!
= #REF! Kg/cm2
2
skip = 0 #REF!
3
1 Px L
fx =
48 E Ix
3
1 -50 #REF!
fx = = #REF! cm
48 0 0
3
1 Py L/3
fy =
48 E Ix
3
1 -86.60254 #REF!
fy = = #REF! cm
48 0 0
4 4
5 qy L/3 5 0 141.66667
=
384 E Iy 384 2.1E+06 0
Jadi f =
0
0 #DIV/0! cm #DIV/0! fijin = 0.3935185 cm #DIV/0!
#VALUE!
2
0
#DIV/0!
= #DIV/0! cm
Beban-Beban yang bekerja.
1. Beban mati
Berdasarkan PPIUG dan Tabel 1 : Sifat Penampang Panel Bondex per lebar 1000 mm
2. Beban hidup
Berdasarkan PPIUG Tabel 3.1
> Beban hidup untuk lantai gudang = qL = 400 kg/ m2
Berdasarkan Tabel 2 : Tabel Perencanaan Praktis didapat tebal pelat bondex dan A tul (-)
Bentang menerus
qtotal = 508 kg/ m2 dibulatkan menjadi 600 kg/ m2 t pelat bondex = 9 cm
Tanpa penyangga A tul. negatif = 3.25 cm2
Bentang = 2.5 m = 325 mm2
200 cm
2 cm Tegel
Spesi
9 cm
Beton
Pelat bondex
Plafon
Perhitungan Balok Anak Tengah Memanjang dengan bentang maksimum
A = 82.06 cm2
q = 64.4 Kg/m Baja BJ 52
3
Wx = 720 cm
Wy = 233 cm3 s= 2400 Kg/cm2
Ix = 8790 cm 4
se = 3600 Kg/cm2
Iy = 2940 cm 4 E= 2.1E+06 Kg/cm2
ix = 10.3 cm
iy = 5.98 cm
Pembebanan
1. Beban mati b h
Berdasarkan PPIUG Tabel 2.1
- Berat Profil Bondex = 10.1 2.5 = 25.25 Kg/m
- Berat Pelat Beton = 2400 2.5 0.09 = 540 Kg/m
- Berat sendiri Balok = = 64.4 Kg/m
- Berat Plafon = 11 2.5 = 27.5 Kg/m
- Berat penggantung = 7 2.5 = 17.5 Kg/m
qD = 674.7 Kg/m
2. Beban hidup
Berdasarkan PPIUG Tabel 3.1
- Beban hidup untuk lantai gudang qL = 400 2.5 = 1000 Kg/m
Momen Maksimum
L= 5.5 m
2
Mmax = 1/8 q L
2
= 0.125 1675 5.5
= 6332 Kg m
h 250
= = 22.73 <= 75 Cek untuk Penampang berubah bentuk
tb 11
L 5500 mm
= = 22
h 250 mm L b
b 250 = 22 <= 1.25 = 28.41
1.25 = 1.25 = 28.41 h ts
ts 11
Lk 550
l= = = 80.74
iy' 6.812
E 2.1E+06
lg = p = p = 90.69
0.7 se 0.7 3600
l 80.74
ls = = = 0.89
lg 90.69
1.41
Untuk 0.183 < ls < 1 maka w=
1.593 - ls
1.41
w= = 2.007
1.593 - 0.89
Mmax 633227
s = = = 879.5 Kg/cm2
Wx 720
KONTROL LENDUTAN
Beban
q = 1675 Kg/m ….akibat pengaruh angin
4
5 q L
fx =
384 E Ix
4
5 16.75 550
fx = = 1.0809495 cm
384 2.1E+06 8790
f= 1.08095 cm
1.0625 m
1.0625 m
1.0625 m
5.5 m
Dengan spesifikasi :
Berat = 8.081 Kg/m2
Lebar = 110 cm
Panjang = 225 cm 106.3 cm < 145 cm
Tebal = 0.6 cm
A = 7.007 cm2
q = 5.5 Kg/m Baja BJ 52
3
Wx = 21.3 cm
Wy = 7.81 cm3 s= 2400 Kg/cm2
Ix = 107 cm4 se = 3600 Kg/cm2
Iy = 24.5 cm 4 E= 2.10E+06 Kg/cm2
ix = 3.9 cm
iy = 1.87 cm
a= 100 mm
c b= 50 mm
b t c= 20 mm
t= 3.2 mm
a
q
q = 16.2 Kg/m
B.Beban Angin
(PPI ' 83 pasal 4.3 tabel 4.1) W angin = 40 kg/m2 dekat dari pantai
a. Koefisien di pihak angin (angin tekan)
C= 1.2 …Tabel 4.1 koefisien angin tertutup sebagian
qangin = B C W
qangin = 1.063 1.2 40 = 51 Kg/m
Mx = 1/8 q L2 = 0.125 51 5.5 2
= 192.8 Kg m
Perhitungan bila jarak pengikat atap bentuk U dipakai misal jarak 75 cm, maka lateral blacing 75
h 100
= = 31.25 <= 75 Cek untuk Penampang berubah bentuk
tb 3.2
L 750 mm
= = 7.5
h 100 mm L b
b 50 = 7.5 <= 1.25 = 19.53
1.25 = 1.25 = 19.53 h ts
ts 3.2
E 2.1E+06
lg = p = p = 90.69
0.7 se 0.7 3600
l 57.13
ls = = = 0.63
lg 90.69
1.41
Untuk 0.183 < ls < 1 maka w=
1.593 - ls
1.41
w= = 1.464
1.593 - 0.63
s 2400
skip = = = 1639 Kg/cm2
w 1.464
KOMBINASI BEBAN
Mx = 0 + 0 = 0 Kgm = 0 Kg cm
My = 6.806 + 0 = 6.806 Kgm = 680.6 Kg cm
0 680.6
s= + = 174.3 Kg/cm2
21.3 7.81 / 2
Jadi s= 174.3 < skip = 1639 …OK!
KONTROL LENDUTAN
Beban
qx = 51 Kg/m ….akibat pengaruh angin
qy = 16.2 Kg/m ….akibat pengaruh dinding 1/2 batu
4
5 qx L
fx =
384 E Ix
4
5 0.51 550
fx = = 2.704311 cm
384 2.1E+06 107
4
5 qy L/3
fy =
384 E Iy
4
5 0.162 183.3
fy = = 0.0463127 cm
384 2.1E+06 24.5
f= fx2 + fy2
2 2
f= 2.704 + 0.0463
f= 2.70471 cm
R1 1.0625 m
3 x 1.833
5.5 m
1.0625
tg q =
1.833
tg q = 0.58
q = 30.09
= 31
A. Beban mati
b h
2. Berat Gording R4, R3, R2, dan R1 = 4 5.5 1.833 = 40.33 Kg
3.Berat Seng Gelombang = 4 8.081 1.833 1.0625 = 62.96 Kg
4. Berat alat pengikat = 0.15 (asbes + profil) = 0.15 103.3 = 15.49 Kg
wa = 118.8 Kg
R4
s = < sijin = 2500 …………PPBBI Pasal 3.3.(1)
A
230.6
A >
2500
A > 0.092 cm2
0.25 p D2 > 0.092
D > 0.343 cm
= 0.25 p 0.4 2
= 0.126 cm2
Diameter Minimum
L 211.9
Dmin = = = 0.424 cm …….PPBBI Pasal 3.3.(4)
500 500
dimana L = panjang penggantung gording R4
2
L= 1.833 + 1.0625 2
L= 2.119 m = 211.9 cm
b. Beban hidup
Beban Sementara
c.Beban Angin
(PPI ' 83 pasal 4.3 tabel 4.1) W angin = 40 kg/m2 dekat dari pantai
a. Koefisien di pihak angin (angin tekan)
C= 0.02 a - 0.4
0.02 28 - 0.4 = 0.16
qangin = 1.274 0.16 40 = 8.155 Kg/m
P= 8.155 6 + 0.5 1
P= 53 Kg
Total Beban
P= 47.11 + 34.858 + 107.7 + 53
P= 242.6 Kg
P1 = P + Berat gording
= 242.6 + 77.03
= 319.7 Kg
HE E
P1 = 319.7 Kg
1.0353
4
7
1.063 G
1.035 P2 = 198.3 Kg
5
3
0.532 1
28.0 6 2 28
HF F H I
VF 1 1
Reaksi Perletakan
1. S V = 0
VF - 1 P1 - 2 P2 = 0
VF = 1 P1 + 2 P2
= 1 319.7 + 2 198.3
= 716.35 Kg
2. S MF = 0
HE 1.063 - P1 1 - P2 2 = 0
319.7 1 + 198.3 2
HE =
1.063
HE = 673.6 Kg
3. S H = 0
HE - HF = 0
HF = HE
= 673.6 Kg
Titik I
SY = 0
P2 = 198.3 Kg S1 sin 28 = P2
S1 = 422.5 Kg (tarik)
S1
S1 sin 28 SX = 0
S2 28 S2 = - S1 cos 28
S1 cos 28 = - 422.5 cos 28
= -373 Kg (tekan)
Titik H
SY = 0
S3 = 0
S3 S3 = 0 Kg
SX = 0
S6 S2 S6 - S2 = 0
H S6 = S2
S6 = -373 Kg (tekan)
Titik G
SY = 0
= 319.7 Kg S4 sin 28 - S1 sin 28 -
S5 sin 28 = P1
S4 S4 0.469 - 422.5 0.469 -
S5 0.469 = 319.7
28 0.469 S4 - 0.469 S5 = 518
28 28 S5 = 1.000 S4 - 1103.4 …(1)
S5 S1 SX = 0
S3 = 0 S4 cos 28 - S1 cos 28 +
S5 cos 28 = 0
S4 0.883 - 422.5 0.883 +
S5 0.883 = 0
0.883 S4 + 0.883 S5 = 373 …(2)
(1) ke persamaan (2) :
0.883 S4 + 0.883 S5 = 373 …(2)
0.883 S4 + 0.883 1.000 S4 - 1103.38 = 373
0.883 S4 + 0.8829 S4 - 974.2 = 373
1.766 S4 = 1347
S4 = 762.9 Kg (tarik)
Persamaan (1) : S5 = 1.000 S4 - 1103
S5 = 1.000 762.9 - 1103
S5 = -340 Kg (tekan)
Titik F
SY = 0
S7 = - S5 sin 28.0 - VF
HF 28.0 S6 SX = 0
F HF = S6 + S5 cos 28.0
HF = -373 + -340 cos 28.0
VF HF = -674 Kg (tekan)
Titik E
SY = 0
P2 = 198.3 Kg - S4 sin 28 = P2 + S7
- 762.9 0.469 = 198.3 + -556.5
-358.2 = -358.2 …..Ok1!
HE
28
S4 SX = 0
S7 S4 cos 28 = HE
762.9 0.883 = 673.6
673.6 = 673.6 …..Ok1!
HE = 673.6 Kg (tarik)
S1 422.5 Kg 1.035
S2 -373.0 Kg 1
S3 0.532
S4 762.9 Kg 1.035
S5 -340.4 Kg 1.133
S6 -373.0 Kg 1
S7 -556.5 Kg 1.063
Dicoba Profil : 20 x 20 x 3
direncanakan tebal pelat simpul (t) = 2 mm
2
A = 1.12 cm
2
Iy = 2 Iy + 2 A e + t / 2
2
= 2 0.39 + 2 1.12 0.6 + 2 / 2
4
= 6.5144 cm
ix = 0.59 cm X 3 mm
iy = 1.7053 cm
ix = - cm 20 mm
ih = - cm
Pada profil siku, setengah kaki bebasnya tidak menerima beban.
Jadi pada perhitungan luas tidak diikutkan
KONTROL
> Kondisi I
lk 100
l = = = 169.5
ix 0.5900
E #REF!
lg = p = p = #REF!
0.7 se 0.7 #REF!
l 169.5
ls = = = #REF!
lg #REF!
w = 2.381 #REF! 2
= #REF!
w N #REF! 556.5
s = = = #REF! Kg/cm2
A 2.24
s #REF! Kg/cm #REF! sijin
2 2
Syarat : = = 2500 Kg/cm #####
> Kondisi II
lk 113
l = = = 192
ix 0.5900
untuk mutu baja BJ #REF! …….Berdasarkan PPBBI Pasal 4.1
E #REF!
l 192
ls = = = #REF!
lg #REF!
w = 2.381 #REF! 2
= #REF!
w N #REF! 340.4
s = = = #REF! Kg/cm2
A 2.24
s #REF! Kg/cm #REF! sijin
2 2
Syarat : = = 2500 Kg/cm #####
E #REF!
lg = p = p = #REF!
0.7 se 0.7 #REF!
l 117.3
ls = = = #REF!
lg #REF!
T 762.9
Ae perlu = = = 0.212 cm2
sleleh 3600
Ae 0.212
An perlu = = = 0.3 cm2 ,,dimana Ct = faktor reduksi= 0.75
Ct 0.75
Dicoba Profil : 20 x 20 x 3
A = 1.12 cm2
ix = 0.59 cm 20 mm 3 mm
iy = 1.705 cm
ix = - cm 20 mm
ih = - cm
2
A = 2.24 cm > Abruto = 0.332 cm ...Ok!
iy = 1.705 cm > imin = 0.345 cm ...Ok!
l 106.34
= = 62.36 < 300 ...Ok!
imin 1.7053
2.071
15 1m
A B
2 m 26.6 m
Analisa Beban
Untuk bentang selain perletakan P
> Beban mati b L
Berat Gording = 9.3 5.5 = 51.15 Kg
Berat atap = 5.18 1.377 5.5 = 39.23 Kg
Pmati = 90.38 Kg
HE = Pkiri = 673.6 Kg
HE = Pkanan = 673.6 Kg
Dicoba Profil : 65 x 65 x 7
direncanakan tebal pelat simpul (t) = 4 mm
2
A = 8.7 cm
2
Iy = 2 Iy + 2 A e + t / 2
2
= 2 33.4 + 2 8.7 1.85 + 0.4 / 2
4
= 139.9 cm
ix = 1.96 cm 65 mm Y
iy = 4.0104 cm X 7 mm
ix = - cm
ih = - cm 65 mm
KONTROL lk = Lx
lk 137.7
l = = = 70.25
imin 1.9600
E #REF!
lg = p = p = #REF!
0.7 se 0.7 #REF!
l 70.25
ls = = = #REF!
lg #REF!
1.41
Untuk 0.183 < ls < 1 maka w=
1.593 - ls
1.41
w= = #REF!
1.593 - #REF!
w N #REF! 24655.0
s = = = #REF! Kg/cm2
A 17.40
s #REF! Kg/cm #REF! sijin
2 2
Syarat : = = 2500 Kg/cm #####
Dicoba Profil : 65 x 65 x 7
direncanakan tebal pelat simpul (t) = 4 mm
2
A = 8.7 cm
2
Iy = 2 Iy + 2 A e + t / 2
2
= 2 33.4 + 2 8.7 1.85 + 0.4 / 2
4
= 139.9 cm
ix = 1.96 cm 65 mm Y
iy = 4.010 cm X 7 mm
ix = - cm
ih = - cm 65 mm
lk 283.1
l = = = 70.58
imin 4.0104
E #REF!
lg = p = p = #REF!
0.7 se 0.7 #REF!
l 70.58
ls = = = #REF!
lg #REF!
1.41
Untuk 0.183 < ls < 1 maka w=
1.593 - ls
1.41
w= = #REF!
1.593 - #REF!
w N #REF! 24655.0
s = = = #REF! Kg/cm2
A 17.40
s #REF! Kg/cm #REF! sijin
2 2
Syarat : = = 2500 Kg/cm #####
T 24815
2
Ae perlu = = = 13.235 cm
0.75 sijin 0.75 2500
Dicoba Profil : 65 x 65 x 7
A = 8.7 cm2
ix = 1.96 cm 65 mm 7 mm
iy = 4.0 cm
ix = - cm 65 mm
ih = - cm
2
A = 17.4 cm > Abruto = 15.570 cm ...Ok!
iy = 1.96 cm > imin = 1.179 cm ...Ok!
l 283.1
= = 144.4 < 240 ...Ok!
imin 1.96
Kesimpulan : Profil bisa digunakan
A. Sambungan Baut di Titik Simpul pada Profil Vertikal dengan Profil Menerus
> Kekuatan geser Baut (berdasarkan PPBBI 8.2.(1), (2), (3) - on page 68-69)
> Kekuatan Tumpu (berdasarkan PPBBI 8.2.(1), (2), (3) - on page 68-69)
Ktu = t d stu
stu = 1.5 sijin (untuk S1 > 2 d)
= 1.5 2400
= 3600 Kg/cm2
Ktu = 0.8 0.6 3600
= 1728 Kg
Ktu = t d stu
stu = 1.5 sijin (untuk S1 > 2 d)
= 1.5 2400
= 3600 Kg/cm2
Ktu = 0.8 1.6 3600
= 4608 Kg
B. Sambungan Baut di Titik Simpul pada Profil Menerus dengan Profil Menerus
Sambungan profil kuda - kuda direncanakan menggunakan baut
dengan diameter 8 mm dan pelat penyambung 8 mm
> Kekuatan geser Baut (berdasarkan PPBBI 8.2.(1), (2), (3) - on page 68-69)
> Kekuatan Tumpu (berdasarkan PPBBI 8.2.(1), (2), (3) - on page 68-69)
Ktu = t d stu
stu = 1.5 sijin (untuk S1 > 2 d)
= 1.5 2400
= 3600 Kg/cm2
Ktu = 0.8 0.8 3600
= 2304 Kg
Ktu = t d stu
stu = 1.5 sijin (untuk S1 > 2 d)
= 1.5 2400
= 3600 Kg/cm2
Ktu = 0.8 1.8 3600
= 5184 Kg
A
2
75
15
Detail A a S2 P2
15 cm 1.6
2 3.2 2 Batang 2
1.6
14 cm
8.4 cm
P1 1.2
S1
Batang 1 4.5
Batang 63
P4
a
P3 Batang 42
Direncanakan digunakan :
Pelat Simpul : t = 8 mm
2
Wplat = 1/6 b h An = b h
2
= 0.167 0.8 14 = 0.8 14
= 26.13 cm3 = 11.2 cm2
D
t =
An
3144
=
11.2
= 280.7 Kg/cm2
s = s tu 2
+ 3 t 2
= 2282 2
+ 3 280.7 2
2
= 2334 Kg/cm
Asumsi total Berat Kolom dan Balok induk 2 x total dari berat balok anak
Watap = 2 P1 = 2 3986.2
= 7972 Kg
Wlantai = Berat Vertikal pada pembebanan struktur utama + Berat Kolom dan Balok induk
= 2 P5 + P7 + P8 + 6 P6 + q1 16 + q2 7.5
+ 2 12 P6
= 2 8239.01 + 8308.2 + 8728.7 + 6 7232.2 + 872.1 16 + 1090 7.5
+ 2 12 7232
= 289646.9738 Kg
Faktor Keutamaan (I) dan faktor jenis struktur (K) (PPTIUG 1983 on page 18-19)
I = 1 (gedung-gedung lain)
K = 1 (Portal Daktail Baja)
V. Gaya geser Horizontal Total akibat gempa ( PPTGIUG 1983 pasal 2.4.1 on page 14)
Vx = C I K Wtotal
= 0.07 1 1 289646.9738 …..lihat PPTGIUG 2.4.6 on page 22
= 20275.28817 Kg
VI. Distribusi Gaya Geser Horizontal Total akibat Gempa ke Sepanjang Tinggi Gedung (PPTGIUG 2.4.6 on page 22)
Wi hi Tingkat hi Wi Wi hi Fix,y
Fi,x = x Vx (m) (Kg) (Kg m) (Kg)
S Wi hi Atap 9.00 7972.308065 71750.77259 1116.68941
Lantai 4.25 289646.9738 1230999.639 19158.5988
Gempa arah potongan memanjang
Berat Total bangunan
Asumsi total Berat Kolom dan Balok induk 2 x total dari berat balok anak
Watap = 10 P1 = 10 3986.15
= 39861.5 Kg
Wlantai = Berat Vertikal pada pembebanan struktur utama + Berat Kolom dan Balok induk
= 2 P2 + 8 P3 + q1 49.5 + 2 49.5 qbalok anak
= 10 5395.67 + 8.0 4764.941 + 3191.43 49.5 + 2 49.5 64.4
= 256427.4816 Kg
Faktor Keutamaan (I) dan faktor jenis struktur (K) (PPTIUG 1983 on page 18-19)
I = 1 (gedung-gedung lain)
K = 1 (Portal Daktail Baja)
V. Gaya geser Horizontal Total akibat gempa ( PPTGIUG 1983 pasal 2.4.1 on page 14)
Vy = C I K Wtotal
= 0.07 1 1 256427.4816 …..lihat PPTGIUG 2.4.6 on page 22
= 17949.92371 Kg
VI. Distribusi Gaya Geser Horizontal Total akibat Gempa ke Sepanjang Tinggi Gedung (PPTGIUG 2.4.6 on page 22)
Wi hi Tingkat hi Wi Wi hi Fix,y
Fi,y = x Vy (m) (Kg) (Kg m) (Kg)
S Wi hi Atap 9.00 39861.54033 358753.8629 5583.44706
Lantai 4.25 256427.4816 1089816.797 16961.307
Pembebanan Struktur Utama
P1 P1
P2 P8 P8 P2
2.375 m P5 P7 P7 P5
P6 P6 P6 P6 P6 P6 9.000 m
2.375 m q1 q2 q1
P3 P3
P4 P4 Profil WF (Balok Induk)
4.250 m
A B C D
q3 q4
4 x 2 2.5 2.5 2.5 Regel Vertikal
8 m 7.5 m 8 m
23.5 m
2.5
qek
0.5 Lx
R P1 P2
Lx
qek
0.5 Lx
R
0.5 Lx Ly - Lx 0.5 Lx
Ly
Beban Memanjang
2
qek (t)1 = 0.5 q Lx 1 - 1/3 Lx/Ly
2
= 0.5 654.1 2 1 - 0.333 0.364
= 625.3 Kg/m
q1 = 2 qek (s)1
= 2 436.1
= 872.1 Kg/m
q2 = 2 qek (s)2
= 2 545.1
= 1090.2 Kg/m
Direncanakan :
Balok arah memanjang : WF 450 x 300 x 11 x 18
q = 124 Kg/m
Balok arah melintang : WF 450 x 300 x 10 x 15
q = 106 Kg/m
Kolom : WF 400 x 400 x 18 x 28
q = 232 Kg/m
P5 = Berat Balok arah memanjang + berat dinding bata + reaksi kanopi + beban pelat
= qbalok Ly + qbata h Ly + VA + qek (t)1 Ly
= 124 5.5 + 250 2.375 5.5 + 852.4 + 625.3 5.5
= 8239 Kg
memikul 2 bagian pelat
P6 = Berat Balok anak arah memanjang + beban pelat
= qbalok Ly + 2 qek (t)1 Ly
= 64.4 5.5 + 2 625.3 5.5
= 7232.16 Kg
P7 = Berat Balok induk arah memanjang + beban pelat kiri + beban pelat kanan
= qbalok Ly + qek (t)1 Ly + qek (t)2 Ly
= 124 5.5 + 625.3 5.5 + 761.3 5.5
= 8308.21 Kg
memikul 2 bagian pelat
P8 = Berat Balok anak arah memanjang + beban pelat
= qbalok Ly + 2 qek (t)2 Ly
= 64.4 5.5 + 2 761.3 5.5
= 8728.66 Kg
2
(PPIUG ' 83 pasal 4.3 tabel 4.1) W angin = #REF! kg/m dekat dari pantai
q3 = Beban akibat angin tekan/tiup
= C q Ly(bentang Kuda-Kuda)
= 0.3 #REF! 5.5
= #REF! Kg/m
P1 P1 P1 P1 P1 P1 P1 P1 P1 P1
2.375 m
P2 P2 9.000 m
2.375 m q2 P3 P3 P3 P3 P3 P3 P3 P3
q1
4.250 m
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
q3
Regel Vertikal
9 x 5.5 m
49.5 m
2
(PPIUG ' 83 pasal 4.3 tabel 4.1) W angin = #REF! kg/m dekat dari pantai
q2 = Beban akibat angin tekan/tiup
= C q Ly(bentang Kuda-Kuda)
= 0.3 #REF! 5.5
= #REF! Kg/m
A = 192.5 cm2
q = 151 Kg/m Baja BJ 52
3
Wx = 4020 cm
Wy = 601 cm3 s= 2400 Kg/cm2
Ix = 118000 cm4 se = 3600 Kg/cm2
4 2
Iy = 9020 cm E= 2.1E+06 Kg/cm
ix = 24.8 cm
iy = 6.85 cm
L 8000 mm
= = 13.33
h 600 mm L b
b 300 = 13.33 <= 1.25 = 18.75
1.25 = 1.25 = 18.75 h ts
ts 20
Lk 800
l= = = 100.5
iy' 7.959
E 2.1E+06
lg = p = p = 90.69
0.7 se 0.7 3600
l 100.5
ls = = = 1.108
lg 90.69
s 2400
skip = = = 909.4 Kg/cm2
w 2.639
Mx 1679000
s = = = 417.7 Kg/cm2
Wx 4020
Mx 1611000
s
2
= = = 400.7 Kg/cm
Wx 4020
2
A = 72.16 cm
q = 56.6 Kg/m Baja BJ 52
3
Wx = 1010 cm
Wy = 145 cm3 s= 2400 Kg/cm2
Ix = 20000 cm4 se = 3600 Kg/cm2
4 2
Iy = 1450 cm E= 2.1E+06 Kg/cm
ix = 16.7 cm
iy = 4.48 cm
L 5500 mm
= = 13.75
h 400 mm L b
b 200 = 13.75 <= 1.25 = 22.73
1.25 = 1.25 = 22.73 h ts
ts 11
Lk 550
l= = = 105
iy' 5.239
E 2.1E+06
lg = p = p = 90.69
0.7 se 0.7 3600
l 105
ls = = = 1.157
lg 90.69
s 2400
skip = = = 870.8 Kg/cm2
w 2.756
Mx 659000
s = = = 652.5 Kg/cm2
Wx 1010
Mx 471000
s
2
= = = 466.3 Kg/cm
Wx 1010
A = 192.5 cm2
q = 151 Kg/m Baja BJ 52
3
Wx = 4020 cm
Wy = 601 cm3 s= 2400 Kg/cm2
Ix = 118000 cm4 se = 3600 Kg/cm2
Iy = 9020 cm 4 E= 2.1E+06 Kg/cm2
ix = 24.8 cm
iy = 6.85 cm
Menghitiung harga Kx
Dalam hal ini portal merupakan portal bergoyang karena dalam perencanaan tidak
terdapat shearwaall/pengaku
Lkx 1040
lx = = = 41.94
ix 24.8
L 8000 mm
= = 13.33
h 600 mm L b
b 300 = 13.33 <= 1.25 = 18.75
1.25 = 1.25 = 18.75 h ts
ts 20
Lk 800
l= = = 100.5
iy' 7.959
E 2.1E+06
lg = p = p = 90.69
0.7 se 0.7 3600
l 100.5
ls = = = 1.108
lg 90.69
s 2400
skip = = = 909.4 Kg/cm2
w 2.639
M= 863000 Mx1
bx = 0.6 + 0.4
Mx2
8 m 863000
= 0.6 + 0.4
3159000
= 0.709
M = 3159000
Mx2 3159000
CHECK TEGANGAN
(Berdasarkan PPBBI Pasal 4.8(4))
N nx Mx ny My
wmax + bx q + by q <= skip
A nx - 1 Wx ny - 1 Wy
21300 1679000 0
2.639 + 0.709 1.838 1.01 + 0 0 0 <= 909.4 Kg/cm2
192.5 4020 601
2
841.6 < 909.4 Kg/cm
...Ok!
N Mx My
+ q + <= sijin
A Wx Wy
2
21300 1679000 0 <= 909.4 Kg/cm
+ 1.838 +
192.5 4020 601
2
878.2 < 909.4 Kg/cm ...Ok!
KOMBINASI BEBAN
KONTROL LENDUTAN
A = 295.4 cm2
q = 232 Kg/m Baja BJ 52
Wx = 4480 cm3
Wy = 1530 cm3 s= 2400 Kg/cm2
se =
4
Ix = 92800 cm 3600 Kg/cm2
Iy = 31000 cm 4 E= 2.1E+06 Kg/cm2
ix = 17.7 cm
iy = 10.2 cm
Menghitiung harga Kx
Dalam hal ini portal merupakan portal bergoyang karena dalam perencanaan tidak
terdapat shearwaall/pengaku
L Bbawah= 0 cm
L A-B = 425 cm
475 L A atas = 475 cm
800
A L balok Akiri = 800 cm
L balok A kanan = 0 cm
425 L balok Bkiri = 0 cm
B L balok B kanan = 0 cm
Menghitiung harga Ky
Dalam hal ini portal merupakan portal bergoyang karena dalam perencanaan tidak
terdapat shearwaall/pengaku
L Bbawah= 0 cm
L A-B = 425 cm
475 L A atas = 475 cm
550
A L balok Akiri = 0 cm
425 L balok A kanan = 550 cm
L balok Bkiri = 0 cm
B L balok B kanan = 0 cm
Lkx 743.8
lx = = = 42.02
ix 17.7
Lky 765
ly = sEy
2
= = 75 = 3685 Kg/cm
iy 10.2
L 4250 mm
= = 10.63
h 400 mm L b
b 400 = 10.63 <= 1.25 = 27.78
1.25 = 1.25 = 27.78 h ts
ts 18
Lk 425
l= = = 31.09
iy' 13.67
E 2.1E+06
lg = p = p = 90.69
0.7 se 0.7 3600
l 31.09
ls = = = 0.343
lg 90.69
1.41
Untuk 0.183 < ls < 1 maka w=
1.593 - ls
1.41
w= = 1.128
1.593 - 0.343
s 2400
skip = = = 2128 Kg/cm2
w 1.128
M= 594000 Mx1
bx = 0.6 + 0.4
Mx2
4.25 m 594000
= 0.6 + 0.4
1260000
= 0.789
M= 1260000
M= 105600 My1
by = 0.6 + 0.4
My2
4.25 m 105600
= 0.6 + 0.4
697200
= 0.661
M= 697200
Mx2 1260000
Jadi digunakan qx = 1
My2 697200
Jadi digunakan qy = 1
CHECK TEGANGAN
(Berdasarkan PPBBI Pasal 4.8(4))
N nx Mx ny My
wmax + bx q + by q <= skip
A nx - 1 Wx ny - 1 Wy
379200 333000 295800
1.128 + 0.789 1 1.123 + 0.661 1 1.535 <= 2128 Kg/cm2
295.4 4480 1530
2
1710 < 2128 Kg/cm
...Ok!
N Mx My
+ q + <= sijin
A Wx Wy
KOMBINASI BEBAN
> Kekuatan geser Baut (berdasarkan PPBBI 8.2.(1), (2), (3) - on page 68-69)
Profil double siku ( 2 bidang gaser)
Kg = 2 0.25 p d 2
tijin
2
= 2 0.25 3.142 1.6 0.6 2400 Kg/cm2
= 5791 Kg
> Kekuatan Tumpu (berdasarkan PPBBI 8.2.(1), (2), (3) - on page 68-69)
Ktu = t d stu
stu = 1.5 sijin (untuk S1 > 2 d)
= 1.5 2400
= 3600 Kg/cm2
Ktu = 1.2 1.6 3600
= 6912 Kg
Vbalok 15840
n = =
Pbaut 5790.583579
n = 2.735
n = 3 baut
> Kekuatan geser Baut (berdasarkan PPBBI 8.2.(1), (2), (3) - on page 68-69)
Profil double siku ( 1 bidang gaser)
Kg = 1 0.25 p d 2
tijin
2
= 1 0.25 3.142 1.6 0.6 2400 Kg/cm2
= 2895 Kg
> Kekuatan Tumpu (berdasarkan PPBBI 8.2.(1), (2), (3) - on page 68-69)
Ktu = t d stu
stu = 1.5 sijin (untuk S1 > 2 d)
= 1.5 2400
= 3600 Kg/cm2
Ktu = 1.6 1.6 3600
= 9216 Kg
Vbalok 15840
n = =
Pbaut 2895.29179
n = 5.471
n = 6 baut
Jadi pada masing-masing sisi digunakan n = 3 baut
Gaya T akan diterima oleh baut pada sambungan flens kolom dan Tee
sebagai gaya tarik dan diterima oleh sambungan flens balok dan Tee
sebagai gaya geser.
> Kekuatan Tumpu (berdasarkan PPBBI 8.2.(1), (2), (3) - on page 68-69)
Ktu = t d stu
stu = 1.5 sijin (untuk S1 > 2 d)
= 1.5 2400
= 3600 Kg/cm2
Ktu = 1.6 2.6 3600
= 14976 Kg
T 43413.7931
n = =
Pbaut 7645.379882
n = 5.678
n = 6 baut
Jadi pada masing-masing sisi digunakan n = 3 baut
2
= 0.7 0.25 3.142 2.4
2
= 3.167 cm
T 43413.7931
n = =
Pbaut 5700.105711
n = 7.616
n = 8 baut
Jadi pada masing-masing sisi digunakan n = 4 baut
Steetotal = 2 S1 + 2 S
= 2 40 + 2 70
= 220 mm
25
45
45 Stotal = 2 S1 + 2 S
25 = 2 25 + 2 45
= 140 mm
> Kekuatan geser Baut (berdasarkan PPBBI 8.2.(1), (2), (3) - on page 68-69)
Profil double siku ( 2 bidang gaser)
Kg = 2 0.25 p d 2
tijin
2
= 2 0.25 3.142 1.6 0.6 2400 Kg/cm2
= 5791 Kg
> Kekuatan Tumpu (berdasarkan PPBBI 8.2.(1), (2), (3) - on page 68-69)
Ktu = t d stu
stu = 1.5 sijin (untuk S1 > 2 d)
= 1.5 2400
= 3600 Kg/cm2
Ktu = 0.7 1.6 3600
= 4032 Kg
Vbalok 15840
n = =
Pbaut 4032
n = 3.929
n = 4 baut
> Kekuatan Tumpu (berdasarkan PPBBI 8.2.(1), (2), (3) - on page 68-69)
Ktu = t d stu
stu = 1.5 sijin (untuk S1 > 2 d)
= 1.5 2400
= 3600 Kg/cm2
Ktu = 1.6 1.6 3600
= 9216 Kg
Vbalok 15840
n = =
Pbaut 2895.29179
n = 5.471
n = 6 baut
Jadi pada masing-masing sisi digunakan n = 3 baut
Gaya T akan diterima oleh baut pada sambungan flens kolom dan Tee
sebagai gaya tarik dan diterima oleh sambungan flens balok dan Tee
sebagai gaya geser.
> Kekuatan geser Baut (berdasarkan PPBBI 8.2.(1), (2), (3) - on page 68-69)
Profil double siku ( 1 bidang gaser)
Kg = 1 0.25 p d 2
tijin
2
= 1 0.25 3.142 2.4 0.6 2400 Kg/cm2
= 6514 Kg
T 38406.16967
n = =
Pbaut 6514.406526
n = 5.896
n = 6 baut
Jadi pada masing-masing sisi digunakan n = 3 baut
2
= 0.7 0.25 3.142 2.4
= 3.167 cm2
T 38406.16967
n = =
Pbaut 5700.105711
n = 6.738
n = 7 baut
Jadi pada masing-masing sisi digunakan n = 4 baut
PERHITUNGAN Jarak-Jarak Baut antara Profil Double sike dengan badan balok
1.5 d < S1 < 3 d atau 6t 24 < S1 < 48 42
S1 = 30 mm
2.5 d < S < 7 d atau 14 t 40 < S < 112 98
S = 45 mm
Steetotal = 2 S1 + 2 S
= 2 40 + 2 60
= 200 mm
Stotal = 2 S1 + 3 S
= 2 30 + 3 45
= 195 mm
MUHAMMAD HAYKAL
FAKULTAS TEKNIK
JURUSAN TEKNIK SIPIL
UNIVERSITAS MUHAMMADIYAH YOGYAKARTA
DAFTAR ISI
a1 = 15 cm
# cm
a = 40 cm
a1 = 15 cm
C d1
15 40 15
# cm
N M
smin = -
A W
25730 1019000
smin = -
2
4900 1/6 70 70
2
smin = -12.6 Kg/cm
L Co
ao = -
# cm 2 3
70 45.31
D = -
e = 7.5 cm 2 3
# Kg/cm2 = 19.90 cm
Co # Kg/cm2
ao T
Daerah 1 :
2
M1 = 0.5 q C
2
= 0.5 23.08 15
= 2596.06 Kgcm
Daerah 2 :
a 40
= = 2 a1 = 0.1 Tabel 8-11 (97-22)
b 20 a2 = 0.046 Konstruksi Baja I
M2 = a1 q b 2
2
= 0.1 23.08 20
= 923.044 Kgcm
M2 = a2 q b 2
2
= 0.046 23.08 20
= 424.60 Kgcm
M2 = a3 q d1 2
2
= 0.06 23.08 40
= 2215.3 Kgcm
Peqencanaan Ankeq
y = L - e - Co/3
= 70 - 7.5 - 15.10
= 47.40 cm
M - N ao
T =
y
1019000 - 25730 19.90
=
47.40
= 10698.32708 Kg
Aanker = 0.25 p d 2
= 0.25 p 2.4 2
2
= 4.524 cm
n p d L slekat T
T
L
n p d slekat
10698.32708
L
2 p 2.4 15
L 47.30 cm
dipakai L = 50 cm
A = 2 h + 2 d
= 2 70 + 2 40 = 220 cm2
2
W = b h + 1/3 h
2
= 40 40 + 1/3 40
= 2133 cm3
D
th =
A
25730
=
220
= 117.0 Kg/cm2
M
tv =
W
1019000
=
2133
= 477.7 Kg/cm2
ttotal = th 2
+ tv 2
= 117.0 2
+ 477.7 2
= 491.8 Kg/cm2
ttotal
tperlu =
tijin tperlu
ttotal a
=
0.6 sijin a
491.8
=
0.6 3120
= 0.263 cm
40 cm Kolom WF 400x400x18x
Pelat Pengaku
(t = 1 cm)
25 cm
Ankeq f 24 mm
Base Plate # cm
50 cm
8 25 8
40 cm
# cm