Kelas/Smt : A&B/ll
orang bingung selama mempelajari bahasa Inggris. Tentunya akan terasa sulit
Present tense, digunakan untuk apa pun yang terjadi saat ini atau untuk
pernyataan umum.
Past tense, digunakan untuk segala sesuatu yang terjadi sebelum momen
ini tepat waktu.
Future tense, tense yang digunakan untuk apa pun yang akan terjadi pada
suatu saat nanti daripada sekarang
A. Present Tenses
o Simple present.
o Present Continuous.
o Present Perfect.
o Present Perfect Continuous.
B. Past Tenses
o Simple Past
o Past Continuous
o Past future.
o Past Perfect
o Past Perfect Continuous
o Past Future Perfect
o Past Future Continuous
oPast Future Perfect Continuous
C. Future Tenses
o Simple future.
o Future continuous
o Future perfect
o Future perfect continuous
1. Present Tense
Simple present tense digunakan untuk mengekspresikan tindakan yang
berulang atau tidak berubah. Aksinya bisa berupa kebiasaan, hobi, acara
berulang, emosi, atau keinginan. Present tense tidak digunakan untuk
mengekspresikan tindakan yang sedang terjadi saat ini.
1. Positif.
o I live in Bandung.
o He works in the bank.
o Cats eat fish.
2. Negatif.
o I don’t watch television every night
o She doesn’t go to shopping the market every week.
o He doesn’t sing well.
3. Tanya (Interogatif).
o What do you do?
o Do yo have a car?
o Can you do me a favor?
2. Present Continuous Tense
Present continuous tense berfungsi untuk mengekspresikan tindakan
berkelanjutan. Bentuk present continuous tense digunakan untuk menunjukkan
bahwa sesuatu sedang terjadi atau akan segera terjadi.
1. Positif.
o Agnes is speaking to his sister right now.
o Fatin is taking math classes at the university.
o I am working at a office.
2. Negatif.
o I am not listening.
o They are not watching.
oHe is not going home.
3. Interogatif (tanya).
o What are You doing these days?
Bentuk kalimat ini ini juga bisa berfungsi menyatakan suatu peristiwa yang
berpengaruh pada saat ini. Kita dapat mengatakan bahwa present perfect
tense adalah suatu hubungan antara masa lalu dan masa sekarang.
1. Kegiatan sementara.
Penggunaan present perfect continuous tense untuk mengungkapkan suatu
pekerjaan atau keadaan yang bersifat sementara.
2. Aktivitas dari dulu berlanjut sampai sekarang.
Present perfect continuous tense bisa digunakan untuk menunjukkan
bahwa suatu aktivitas yang dimulai di masa lalu dan masih berlanjut
sampai dengan sekarang.
3. Pekerjan baru selesai.
Fungsi present perfect continuous juga untuk membicarakan tentang suatu
pekerjan yang dimulai di masa lalu dan baru selesai dilaksanakan.
1. Positif.
o Budi went to London yesterday.
o She was still single in 2010.
o He congratulated him for the success.
2. Negatif.
o I didn’t like rice before.
o Bambang was not a football player.
o They aren`t worked for Amazon.
3. interogatif.
o Did you eat an egg?
1. Positif.
o I was eating banana yesterday in the evening.
o Adi was studying English.
o She was swimming in the river.
2. Negatif.
o Ani was not sleeping.
o I wish you were not driving this car.
oWe were not getting home.
3. interogatif.
o What was John doing yesterday?
1. Positif.
o Metallica had strong feeling that They would perform in Jakarta.
o He said he would pick him up at station yesterday evening.
o I said I would not forgive him.
2. Negatif.
o He said He would not forgive him.
o The window should not be opened.
oI wish that I would not be disturbed.
3. interogatif.
o Would you come to her your party?
1. Positif.
o I had closed the windows before I gone yesterday morning.
o Siti said she had not already seen this film.
o He asked if I had watch Titanic.
2. Negatif.
o The car had not been used for years before we had it repaired.
o She had not called her mother before she left this morning.
o You might have been so tired when you stopped playing.
3. interogatif.
o Had It been proved to be true before I checked it myself?
1. Menunjukkan penyebab.
Gunakan past perfect continuous tense untuk menunjukkan penyebab
peristiwa atau keadaan di masa lalu.
2. Menyatakan pekerjaan yang sedang berlangsung sebelum pekerjaan
lainnya.
Penggunaan past perfect continuous tense juga dapat berfungsi untuk
menyatakan keadaan atau pekerjaan yang sedang berlangsung sebelum
beberapa keadaan atau pekerjaan lain.
S + will/shall + V-1 + O
Verbal
S + am/is/are + going to + V-1 + O
Positif
S + will/shall + be + C
Nominal
S + is/am/are + going to be + Complement
1. Janji.
Penggunaan simple future tense untuk mengucapkan janji dan sumpah.
2. Perkiraan.
Berfungsi untuk membuat perkiraan berdasarkan pengalaman atau intuisi
kita, seperti kata: believe, feel sure atau suppose. Dengan
mengunakan adverbs: perhaps, possibly atau probably.
3. Acara akan datang.
Digunakan untuk membicarakan tentang peristiwa atau acara yang akan
datang dan kita tidak memiliki pengaruh terhadap peristiwa tersebut.
1. Positif.
o He will send You a letter next week.
o I am going to finish my work in a day.
o My wife will be here tomorrow.
2. Negatif.
o He is not going to spend his vacation in Bali next month.
o I will not call you tomorrow.
o We aren`t going to eat a whole apple together.
3. interogatif.
o Who will help Me finish this homework?
1. Rumus Verbal
2. Rumus Nominal
S + Will/Shall + Have + Been + V1-ing + O + I shall have been sleeping under the
Since/For + Ket. Waktu since 8 P.M.
S + Will/Shall + not + Have + Been + V1-ing + O + He will have been running with his
Since/For + Ket. Waktu sister for 20 minutes.
Will/Shall + S + Have + Been + V1-ing + O + Will you have been sitting with your
Since/For + Ket. Waktu boyfriend for 1 hours?
1. Positif.
o You will have been playing piano for fifteen years.
o She will have been reading two books for a week.
o At nine o’clock, I shall have been waiting for one hour.
2. Negatif.
o You will not have been playing piano for fifteen years.
o She will not have been reading two books for a week.
o At nine o’clock, I shall not have been waiting for one hour.
3. interogatif.
o Will You have been playing piano for fifteen years?
S + would/should + not + have + V-3/past participle We should not have read this informa
Would/should + S + have + V-3/past Would She have seen the car accident on th
participle? street?.
1. Positif.
o She would have been studying at Oxford University for four years
by last year.
o You would have been coming to the theatre for three time with me
by last month.
o I would have been living here for ten years by last June.
2. Negatif.
o She would not have been studying at Oxford University for four
years by last year.
o You would not have been coming to the theatre for three time with
me by last month.
o I would not have been living here for ten years by last June.
3. interogatif.
o Would She have been studying at Oxford University for four years
by last year?
o Would You have been coming to the theatre for three time with me
by last month?
o Would I have been living here for ten years by last June?
Rangkuman
Belajar tenses bahasa Inggris adalah salah satu bagian penting dari
mempelajari grammar karena ini erat kaitannya dengan penggunaan kata
bantu, verb, to be dan kondisi dalam praktek percakapan sehari-hari.
Referensi :
Azar, B. S and Hagen, S. A. (2017). Fundamentals of English Grammar. (4th
ed). White Plains, NY: Pearson Longman.
Deterding, David. H. and Gloria R. Poedjosoedarmo. (2001). A Practical
English Grammar fourth Edition. Pearson Education Asia Pte Ltd: Singapore.
Larsen-Freeman, D. Celce-Murcia, M. Frodesen, Jan. Williams, H, A. and
White, B. (2014). The Grammar Book: Form, Meaning, and Use for English
Language Teachers. (3rd Edition). National Geographic Learning, Heinle
Cengage Learning.
Nordquist, Richard. “Understanding Verb Tenses.” ThoughtCo, Jul. 5, 2018,
thoughtco.com/tense-grammar-1692532.
Thomson, A. J and A. V. Martinet. (1996). A Practical English Grammar (4th
edition). Oxford University Press: New York.
Wishon, George E and Julia M. Burks. (1980). Let’s Write English Revised
Edition. Litton Educational Publishing, Inc: New York.