Kelas 2A
Disusun oleh :
Dosen Pembimbing
2019
Nominal dan Verbal dalam Simple Past Tense
Kalimat Nominal dan Verbal Dalam Simple Present Tense ada 2 jenis kalimat dalam bahasa
Inggris yaitu kalimat nominal (predikat tidak menggunakan VERB) kalimat verbal (predikat
menggunakan VERB). Jadi, dalam sebuah kalimat bahasa inggris jika kalimat tersebut sudah
menggunakan To Be maka tidak ada Verb dan begiu pula sebaliknya jika dalam kalimat sudah
menggunakan Verb maka tidak ada ToBe didalamnya. Memang ada beberapa kalimat yang menggunakan
To Be dan Verb dalam satu kalimat tetapi itu akan merubah arti kalimat tersebut (misal dari arti kalimat
aktif ke kalimat pasif). Agar dapat lebih jelas silahkan perhatikan penjelasan dibawah ini:
Dibawah ini adalah contoh kalimat verbal di dalam Simple Past Tense:
1. Rizki sent me two letters yesterday.
(Rizki mengirimiku dua surat kemarin)
2. The students played at the school yard.
(Murid-murid tersebut bermain di halaman sekolah)
3. He got much money.
(Dia laki-laki mendapatkan banyak uang)
4. The teacher wrote on the whiteboard.
(Guru tersebut menulis di papan tulis)
5. Ali went to Jakarta last night.
(Ali pergi ke Jakrta tadi malam)
Pengertian Verbal Sentence
Kalau nominal sentence tadi yang menjadi kata kerja utamanya adalah hanya berupa be, beda
dengan verbal sentence. Verbal sentence merupakan kebalikannya, artinya yang menjadi kata kerja
utamanya adalah semua kata kerja selain be. Seperti halnya nominal, kalimat verbal juga dapat berdiri
sendiri ataupun kata yang berada dipaling belakang. Ini berlaku juga untuk semua berubahan verb ya,
entah itu verb1 (bare and additional infinitive), verb2 (past tense), verb3 (past participle), maupun
verb+ing (present participle).
Fika is reading a history book right now. Fika sedang membaca buku sejarah saat ini.
Lia can speak Arabic well. Lia bisa bicara bahasa arab dengan baik.
Agung went to Thailand last week. Agung pergi ke Thailand minggu kemarin.
I have been learning English since 2007. Saya telah mempelajari bahasa inggris sejak 2007.
They haven’t read those books. Mereka belum membaca buku-buku itu.
I haven’t met Dina yet. Saya belum bertemu Dina sampai saat ini.
My mom has cooked fried chicken. Mama ku telah memasak ayam goreng.
We learn English at ENGLISH ONLINE Kami beajar bahasa inggris di ENGLISH ONLINE
every day. setiap hari.
The sun rises from the east. Matahari terbit dari timur.
1. Presens Tenses
Rumus:`
1. Positif (+) = S+V1(es/s)+O
2. Negatif (-) = S+Do/does+Not+V1+O
3. Introgatif(?) =Do/does+S+V1+O
Example:
1. (+) He writes a letter every month
(-) He doesn’t writes a letter every month
(?) Dors he writes a letter every month?
Example:
1. (+) Sarah invite me last week
(-) Sarah did not invite last week
(?) Did Sarah invite last week?
2. (+) I went to Jakarta yesterday
(-) I went not to Jakarta yesterday
(?) went I to Jakarta yesterday?
3. (+) You watch tv last week
(-) You did not watch tv last week
(?) Did you watch tv last week?
4. (+) I wrote letter to her last week
(-) I wrote not letter her last week
(?) Wrote I letter her last week?
5. (+) It rain since at five o’clock
(-) It did not rain since at five o’clock
(?) Did it rain since at five o’clock?
A. Fungsi Penggunaan Past Tenses
Digunakan untuk menyatakan suatu kejadian yang dimulai dan kejadian ituberakhir pada
masa yang lampau. Dan sampai sekarang ini , sudah tidak ada hubungannya lagi. Kejadian yang
lampau itu, baik dilakukan secara berkali-kali atau sekali.
Ex: (+) I went yesterday
(-) I did not went yesterday
(?) Did I went yesterday?
4. Past Contineus Tenses
Rumus:
1. Positif (+): S+was/were+vVing+O
2. Negatif (-): S+was/were+not+v.ing+o
3. introgatif (?): was/were+S+v.ing+o
Example:
1. (+)The third year student were sitting behind the teacher’s now yesterday
(-) The third year student were not sitting behind the teacher’s now yesrterdey
(?) Were the third year student sitting behind the teacher’s now yesterday?
2. (+) He was playing football yesterday
(-) He was not playing football yesterday
(?) was he playing football yesterday?
3. (+) They were working in the office yesterday
(-) They were not working in the office yesterday
(?) Were they working in the office yesterday?
4. (+) Tuti was reading a novel when I come yesterday
(-) Tuti was not reading a novel when I come yesterday
(?) was Tuti reading a novel when I come yesterday?
5. (+) They were studying Biologi at ten O’clock last Friday
(-) They were not studying Biologi at ten o’clock last Friday
(?) were they studying Biologi at temn o’clock last Friday?
A. Penggunaan Past Contineus Tenses
Digunakan untuk menyatakan dua kejadian yang sedang berlangsungdalam waktu yang
bersamaan di masa yang lampau.
Ex:
1. (+) I was going to garden when it began to rain
(-) I was not going to garden when it began to rain
(?) Was I going to garden when it gegan to rain?
2. Digunakan untuk menyatakan suatu perbuatan yang sedang berlangsung pada masa yang lampau.
Ex: (+) at three o’clock last week, She was reading
(-) at three o’clock last week,She was not reading
(?) at three o’clock last week,was she reading?
3. Bentuk ini, juga digunakan untuk menyatakan dua kejadian yang bersamaan waktu dan
berlangsung lama pada masa yang lampau.
Ex: (+) I was reading a book, while Ani writing a letter
(-) I was not reading a book,while Ani writing a letter
(?) Was I reading a book,while Ani writing a letter?
Example:
1. (+) I should go to Mojosari next day
(-) I should not go to Mojosari next day
(?) Should I go to Mojosari next day?
Example:
1. (+) He will go to Pasir Panjang tomorrow morning
(-) He will not go to Pasir Panjang tomorrow morning
(?) Will he go to pasir Panjang tomorrow morning?
Example:
1. (+) We have learned English for two years
(-) We have not learned English for two years
(?) Have we learned English for two years?
Example:
1. (+) The train had left before I arrived
(-) The train had not left before I arrived
(?) Had the train left before I arrived?
b. Digunakan untuk menyatakan suatu perbuatan yang terjadi sebelum waktu tertentu dimasa yang
lampau.
Ex: (+) By the end of the mounth, she had lived here
(-) By the end of the mounth, she had not lived here
(?) Had by the end of the mounth, she lived here?
Example:
1. (+) The train had left before I arrived
(-) The train had not left before I arrived
(?) Had the train left before I arrived?
Example:
1. (+) I have been going to Pantai Samudra for my holiday since 2002
(-) I have not going to Painting Samudra for my holiday since 2002
(?) Have I going to Pantai Samudra for my holiday since 2002?
2. (+) Mr.Burhanudin Simanjuntak has been teaching at SMK 2 MEI since 2003
(-) Mr.Burhanudin Simanjuntak has not been teaching at SMK 2 MEI since 2003
(?) Has Mr.Burhanudin Simanjuntak been teaching at SMK 2 MEI since 2003?
3. (+) She has been painting every day for a long time
(-) She has not painting every day for a long time
(?) Has she painting every day or along time?
Example:
1. (+) Dodi had been looking for the girl for a year before he applied her
(-) Dodi had not been looking for the girl for a year before heapplied her
(?) Had Dodi been looking for the girl for a year before he applied her?
4. (+) When I came, his father had been leaving for six hours
(-) When I came, his father had not been leaving for six hours
(?) When I came, had his father been leaving for six hours?
Example:
1. (+) She will have written his lesson by time he go out
(-) She will not have written his lesson by time he go out
(?) Will she have written his lesson by time he go out?
5. (+) When my uncle comes tomorrow, my grandmother will have left my house
(-) When my uncle comes tomorrow, my grandmother will not have left my house
(?) When my uncle comes tomorrow, will my grandmother have left my house?
Example:
1. (+) I shall have been writing a letter at this time tomorrow
(-) I shall not have been writing a letter at this time tomorrow
(?) Shall I have been writing a letter at this time tomorrow?
2. (+) By next fast day I shall have been teaching here six mounths
(-) By next fast day I shall not have been teaching here six mounths
(?) By next fast day shall I have been teaching here six mounths?
3. (+) Next moon Hevy will have been studying here for two years
(-) Next moon Hevy will not have been studying here for two years
(?) Next moon will Hevy have been studying here for two years?
4. (+) Next week Bu Yusni will have been teaching at SMK 2 MEI school for one years
(-) Next week Bu Yusni will not have been teaching at SMK 2 MEI school for one year
(?) Next week will Bu Yusni have been teaching at SMK 2 MEI school for one year?
5. (+) He will have been working in the office at this time tomorrow
(-) He will not have been working in the office at this time tomorrow
(?) Will he have been working in the office at this time tomorrow?
Example:
1. (+) I should be finishing this home work at this time following week
(-) I should not be finishing this home work at this time following week
(?) Should I be finishing this home work at this time following week?
4. (+) She would be finishing this job at this time following moon
(-) She would not be finishing this job at this time following moon
(?) Would she be finishing this job at this time following moon?
5. (+) They would be having examination at this time the following year
(-) They would not be having examination at this time the following year
(?) Would they be having examination at this time the following year?
Example:
1. (+) I should have paif if I had come here
(-) I should not have paif if I had come here
(?) Should I have paif if I had come here?
4. (+) I hoped that you would have married before you worked here
(-) I hoped not that you would have married before you worked here
(?) Would I hoped that you have married before you worked here?
5. (+) I hoped that you would have paif before you come here
(-) I hoped not that you would have paif before you come here
(?) Would I hoped that you have paif before you come hare?
A. FUNGSI FUTURE PAST PERFECT TENSES
Digunakan untuk menyatakan suatu pengandaian yang tidak mungkin terjadi karena syarat yang
tidak terpenuhi, namun hanya sebagai bayangan saja.
Ex: (+) He would have graduated if he had studied hard
(-) He would not have graduated if he had studied hard
(?) Would he have graduated if he had studied hard?
Example:
1. (+) By last Febuary I should have been working this restaurant for one year
(-) By last Febuary I should not have been working this restaurant for one year
(?) should by last Febuary I have been working this restaurant for one year?
2. (+) By last July we should have been studying this school for three years
(-) By last July we should not have been studying this school for three year
(?) Should by last July we have been studying this school for three years?
3. (+) By last fast day he would have been living this apartement for five years
(-) By last fast day he would not have been living this apartement for five years
(?) Would by last fast day he have been living this apartement for five years?
4. (+) She would have been teaching English for one years by last Friday
(-) She would not have been teaching English for one years by last Friday
(?) Would she have been teaching English for one years by last Friday?