LIGHTING
SATUAN ACARA PERKULIAHAN
WHAT IS
LIGHT?
“Bagian dari spektrum elektromagnetik
yang dirasakan/ ditangkap oleh mata kita.”
Hal ini berarti cahaya yang tepat mengontrol ritme sirkadian demikian pula
sebuah perilaku terjaga dan tidur yang sehat.
BAGAIMANA MANUSIA MELIHAT CAHAYA
Colour rendering dengan nilai kurang dari 80 seharusnya tidak dipilih untuk
tempat kerja.
PROPERTI WARNA PADA CAHAYA
COLOUR RENDERING
TIPE-TIPE PENCAHAYAAN
Oleh karenanya, lokasi dan orientasi jendela atau skylight bisa jadi lebih
penting dibandingkan ukurannya dalam menentukan kualitas cahaya alami.
PENCAHAYAAN ALAMI (NATURAL LIGHTS)
PENCAHAYAAN ALAMI (NATURAL LIGHTS)
PENCAHAYAAN ALAMI (NATURAL LIGHTS)
LUMINAIRE merupakan
Unit penerangan lengkap yang terdiri dari lampu dan ballast (jika ada)
bersama dengan bagian yang dirancang untuk mendistribusikan cahaya, ke
posisi tertentu dan melindungi lampu, serta untuk menghubungkan lampu ke
catu daya.
TIPE-TIPE PENCAHAYAAN BUATAN
DIRECT LIGHTING
Fluorescent lamps
• High to very high luminous
efficiency (especially T16 HE)
• Good to very good colour
rendering
• Long service life
• Wide selection of standard
ranges
• Dimmable
• Use: efficient wide-area
lighting
Functional description
An alternating electrical field between two electrodes in the discharge tube produces invisible UV
radiation. The tube’s white fluorescent coating converts this radiation into high-quality, visible light.
These lamps need ignitors and current limiting; these functions are combined in an electronic
ballast. The luminous flux of fluorescent lamps is highly dependent on their operating position and
ambient temperature. Lamps that use amalgam technology are optimised for use in environments
where there are fluctuating temperatures
SUMBER PENCAHAYAAN BUATAN
Functional description
These lamps are compact versions of tubular or toroidal fluorescent lamps
and operate in a very similar way. The luminous flux of these lamps is highly
dependent on their operating position and ambient temperature. Lamps that
use amalgam technology are optimised for use in environments where there
are fluctuating temperatures.
SUMBER PENCAHAYAAN BUATAN
Metal halide lamps
• High luminous efficiency
• Good to very good colour
rendering
• Good colour stability in case of
lamps with ceramic discharge
tubes
• Usually not dimmable
• Use: industrial bays,
spotlighting, floodlighting
systems, retail areas
Functional description
Metal halide lamps maintain an extremely compact electric arc in a discharge
tube. Lighting quality is determined by the composition of the materials the
lamp contains. An ignitor is needed to start the lamp and the current must be
limited by a ballast. Electronic ballasts can advantageously be used for low-
power lamps. Lamps with a ceramic discharge tube offer the best lighting
quality, efficiency and service life.
SUMBER PENCAHAYAAN BUATAN
High-pressure sodium discharge lamps
• High luminous efficiency and long
service life
• Satisfactory to poor colour rendering
• Yellowish light colour
• Can be dimmed in steps
• Use: industrial bays, street lighting,
outdoor illumination
Colour-improved (Philips SDW):
• Warm, white light
• Excellent colour rendering
• Use: retail areas
Functional description
Discharge in the elongated ceramic discharge tube is determined by sodium.
The light therefore has a yellow hue and is only suitable for specific
applications. Philips colour-improved SDW produces very good quality white
light and is a popular choice for lighting in retail spaces. An ignitor is
generally needed to start the lamp. The current must be limited by a ballast.
SUMBER PENCAHAYAAN BUATAN
Light emitting diodes (LEDs)
• Very efficient light
production
• Wide selection of standard
ranges
• Can be switched and
dimmed as required
Functional description • Very long service life
Light emitting diodes are modern semiconductor devices. Their • Good to very good colour
characteristics are determined by their materials, mechanical rendering
design and operating mode. The active semiconductor layer, in • Very good production of
which radiation is produced, is sandwiched between a positive coloured light
and a negative substrate inside the LED. Actual coloured light is • Use: LEDs can be used for
produced, depending on which materials are chosen. Nowadays,
highquality white light is produced by blue LEDs with yellow
both functional and
luminescent substances. A mixture of RGB (red, green, blue) decorative lighting in indoor
also produces white. Their very long service life of over 10 000 and outdoor locations.
hours demands optimised thermal management in order to
prevent overheating. Today, LEDs are already some of the most
efficient light sources for general lighting. They are completely
superseding traditional light sources in many applications.
MEMILIH PENCAHAYAAN YANG TEPAT
DESIGN PROSES
Plannin
Commu
Require
nications
ments
g
I Attention to products
m and concepts
p
Define requirements,
le
determine basic
m situation
e Blueprint planning:
n work out a concept
t Detailed planning:
a calculation, optimise
ti Documentation
o Implementation,
n testing, maintenance
MEMILIH PENCAHAYAAN YANG TEPAT
DESIGN TOOLS
Require
Commu