Bab 08
Asam Basa
- Koma
- Tulang keropos
- Sesak napas
- dll
Campuran Penahan
ARRHENIUS
BRøNSTED-
KONSEP
LOWRY
LEWIS
G.N. Lewis
.F. .H
. .F. .H.
. .. .. .. . .
F . .B. + .N. H F .B. . .N. .H
F H F H
Pasangan konjugat
Pasangan konjugat
autoionisasi air
+ -
H O +H O [ ]
H O H + H O
H H H
basa asam
konjugat
H2O + H2O H3O+ + OH-
asam basa
konjugat
Departemen Kimia FMIPA IPB
Sifat Asam-Basa dari Air
[H +
][OH -
]
H2O (l) H (aq) + OH (aq) Kc =
+ - [H2O] = konstan
[H2O]
Kc[H2O] = Kw = [H+][OH-]
[H+] = 1,3 M
K 1 x 10 -14
[OH-] = w+ = = 7,7 x 10-15 M
[H ] 1,3
pH = -log [H+]
pH [H+]
pH + pOH = 14,00
pH + pOH = 14,00
pOH = -log [OH-] = -log (2,5 x 10-7) = 6,60
kekuatan
Ka asam lemah
KaKb = Kw
Kw Kw
Ka = Kb =
Kb Ka
Departemen Kimia FMIPA IPB
Kesetimbangan Asam-Basa Lemah, Garam
[CH3COOH][OH-]
Kb = = 5,6 x 10-10
[CH3COO-]
[OH-] =
√ K K Cg
w x
a
[H+] =
√ K K Cg
w x
b
H2O
NH4CH3COO (s) NH4+ (aq) + CH3COO- (aq)
[H+] =
√ K w x Ka
Kb
[NH4OH] Cb
[OH ] = Kb
- = Kb
[NH4+] Cg
Departemen Kimia FMIPA IPB
Campuran Penahan: Mekanisme Kerja
• Bila ada x mol H+ ditambahkan ke dalam bufer asam, maka
jumlah garam berkurang, jumlah asam bertambah
NaCH3COO Na+ + CH3COO- H+
CH3COOH H+ + CH3COO-
mmol asam + x
[H ] = Ka
+
mmol garam - x
mmol asam - x
[H ] = Ka
+
mmol garam + x
Departemen Kimia FMIPA IPB
Campuran Penahan: Daya Tahan (Kapasitas) Bufer
pH - 1 Bufer awal pH + 1
+ asam + basa
pH = 3 pH = 4 pH = 5